Illuj

Stress mark or accent unicode block Hebrew
character	֬
Unicode	U + 05AC U + 05A3
Iluj	עִלּ֬וּי
Shofar illuj (Yemeni tradition)	שׁוֹפָ֬ר עִלּוּי

Illuj or Illui ( Hebrew עִלּ֬וּי) ֬ is a trope (from Yiddish טראָפּtrop) in the Jewish liturgy and is one of the biblical sentence, stress and cantillation marks Teamim , which are used in the three poetic books Job , Book of Proverbs and in the Book of Psalms , and therefore belongs to the Ta'amei Sifrei Emet, the stress marks of poetic books.

symbol

JIluj
עִלּ֬וּי ֬ דָּבָ֬ר
Biblical stress marks
Sof pasuq	ֽ ׃		Paseq	׀
Etnachta	֑		Segol	֒
Schalschelet	֓		Zakef katan	֔
Zakef gadol	֕		Tipcha	֖
Rewia	֗		Zinnorite	֘
Pashta	֙		Jetiw	֚
Tewir	֛		Geresch	֜
Geresch muqdam	֝		Gerzhayim	֞
Qarne para	֟		Telisha gedola	֠
Pazer	֡		Atnach hafuch	֢
Munach	֣		Mahpach	֤
Mercha	֥		Mercha kefula	֦
Darga	֧		Qadma	֨
Telisha qetanna	֩		Jerach ben jomo	֪
Ole we-Jored	֫ ֥		Illuj	֬
Dechi	֭		Zarqa	֮
Rewia gadol	֗		Rewia mugrasch	֜ ֗
Rewia qaton	֗		Mahpach legarmeh	֤ ׀
Azla legarmeh	֨ ׀		Kadma we-asla	֨ ֜
Maqqef	-		Meteg	ֽ

The symbol of Illuj is the same as that of Munach . In the Yemeni tradition, it is also called Shofar illuiשׁוֹפָר עִלּ֣וּיcalled. Shofar illui means Munach according to the Italian tradition. In Munach, the symbol is placed under the word, in Illuj, however, it is placed above the word.

description

Illuj is a conjunctive accent that appears as a servant to Sof pasuq, Rewia gadol and Azla legarmeh or Mahpach legarmeh.

Occurrence

The Trope Illuj is one of the Ta'amei Sifrei Emet טַעֲמֵי סִפְרֵי אֱמֶ"ת. "Emet" is an acronym consisting of the Hebrew first letters of the books of Jobאִיוֹב= Aleph , proverbsמִשְלֵי(Mischle) = meme and psalmsתְהִלִּים(Tehilim) = Taw , there are also vowels to be able to pronounce the term. The table shows the occurrence of Illuj in the three poetic books.

Part of the Tanakh	Illuj
Psalms	146
Job	20th
claims	14th
total	180

literature

• William Wickes: A treatise on the accentuation of the three so-called poetical books on the Old Testament, Psalms, Proverbs, and Job. 1881 ( archive.org ).
• William Wickes: A treatise on the accentuation of the twenty-one so-called prose books of the Old Testament. 1887 ( archive.org ).
• Arthur Davis: The Hebrew accents of the twenty-one Books of the Bible (K "A Sefarim) with a new introduction. 1900 ( archive.org ).
• Francis L. Cohen: Cantillation . In: Isidore Singer (Ed.): The Jewish Encyclopedia . tape III . KTAV Publishing House, New York, S. 542-548 (1901-1906).
• Solomon Rosowsky: The Cantillation of the Bible. The Five Books of Moses . The Reconstructionist Press, New York 1957.
• James D. Price: Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible . Volume I: Concordance of the Hebrew Accents used in the Pentateuch . Edwin Mellon Press, Lewiston, New York 1996, ISBN 0-7734-2395-8 .
• Joshua R. Jacobson: Chanting the Hebrew Bible. The art of cantillation . 1st edition. Jewish Publication Society, Philadelphia 2002, ISBN 0-8276-0693-1 .
• Joshua R. Jacobson: Chanting the Hebrew Bible. Student Edition . The Jewish Publication Society, Philadelphia 2005, ISBN 0-8276-0816-0 ( books.google.co.uk - limited preview).

Individual evidence

1. ^ Jacobson (2002), p. 407.
2. ^ Jacobson (2002), p. 929: "Aramaic (1) a conjuntive accant, also known as munah . (2) A conjunctive accent in the poetic books ”.
3. ↑ “Yemeni Tradition” Shofar illuj from 7.25 min on YouTube.de
4. ^ Jacobson (2002), p. 407.
5. ^ Jacobson (2002), p. 3: Trop. «In Yiddish, the lingua franca of the Jews in Northern Europe […], these accents came to at known as trop . The derivation of this word seems to be from the Greek tropos or Latin tropus  ».
6. ^ James D. Price, Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible , Volume V, p. 1265.
7. ^ Jacobson (2002), p. 407: the poetic books [...] conjunctive accents
8. ↑ James D. Price: Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible , Volume V p. 1095.