Rewia Mugrasch
Stress mark or accent unicode block Hebrew | |
---|---|
character | ֗ ֜
|
Unicode | U + 0597 U + 059C |
Rewia mugrasch | רְבִיעַ מֻ֜גְרָ֗שׁ
|
example | צ֝֗וּר
|
example | מֵ֝אַ֗יִן
|
Rewia Mugrasch ֗ ֜ ( Hebrew רְבִיעַ מֻ֜גְרָ֗שׁ) is a trope (from Yiddish טראָפּtrop) in the Jewish liturgy and is one of the biblical sentence, accentuation and cantillation symbols Teamim that occur in the Tanach . Rewia mugrasch is one of the Ta'amei Sifrei Emet, the accent marks of the poetic books used in the three books of Job , the Book of Proverbs and the Book of Psalms .
description
Rewia mugrasch | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||||
Biblical stress marks | |||||||
Sof pasuq | ֽ ׃ | Paseq | ׀ | ||||
Etnachta | ֑ | Segol | ֒ | ||||
Schalschelet | ֓ | Zakef katan | ֔ | ||||
Zakef gadol | ֕ | Tipcha | ֖ | ||||
Rewia | ֗ | Zinnorite | ֘ | ||||
Pashta | ֙ | Jetiw | ֚ | ||||
Tewir | ֛ | Geresch | ֜ | ||||
Geresch muqdam | ֝ | Gerzhayim | ֞ | ||||
Qarne para | ֟ | Telisha gedola | ֠ | ||||
Pazer | ֡ | Atnach hafuch | ֢ | ||||
Munach | ֣ | Mahpach | ֤ | ||||
Mercha | ֥ | Mercha kefula | ֦ | ||||
Darga | ֧ | Qadma | ֨ | ||||
Telisha qetanna | ֩ | Jerach ben jomo | ֪ | ||||
Ole we-Jored | ֫ ֥ | Illuj | ֬ | ||||
Dechi | ֭ | Zarqa | ֮ | ||||
Rewia gadol | ֗ | Rewia mugrasch | ֜ ֗ | ||||
Rewia qaton | ֗ | Mahpach legarmeh | ֤ ׀ | ||||
Azla legarmeh | ֨ ׀ | Kadma we-asla | ֨ ֜ | ||||
Maqqef | - | Meteg | ֽ | ||||
symbol
The symbol of Rewia mugrasch comes from the combination of the characters of Geresch muqdam and Rewia . Geresch muqdam stands above the first consonant of the word, the point of Rewia stands above the stressed syllable. The word mugrasch contains the root of Geresch and is therefore also called Rebia gereshatum in some grammars.
grammar
Rewia mugrasch is an important disjunctive accent on the third level. In a three-section verse, the first section ends with Ole we-Jored , the second section ends with Etnachta . The last segment after Etnachta and before Silluq is divided by Rewia Mugrasch. It does not appear in the previous sections. Rewia Mugrasch can replace an Atnach in short sentences, then all the other rules continue to apply, as if Atnach took the place of Rewia Mugrasch.
A Rewia-Mugrasch segment can be further subdivided by Dechi , and a Dechi can be preceded by another disjunction Rewia gadol. In some cases such a Rewia-Gadol segment contains only a single word, in this case Rewia gadol is replaced by Schalschelet gedola.
Rewia Mugrasch can stand alone or can have up to three preceding conjunctive accents. If there is only one conjunction, it is Mercha . If there are two accents, a tipcha or another mercha can precede it.
Job 18.4 bras | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Entire verse |
טֹֽרֵ֥ף נַפְשׁ֗וֹ בְּאַ֫פּ֥וֹ הַ֭לְמַעַנְךָ תֵּעָ֣זַב אָ֑רֶץ וְיֶעְתַּק - צ֝֗וּר מִמְּקֹמֽוֹ׃ |
||||||||||
1st level (Kaiser) |
וְיֶעְתַּק - צ֝֗וּר מִמְּקֹמֽוֹ׃ ׃ |
טֹֽרֵ֥ף נַפְשׁ֗וֹ בְּאַ֫פּ֥וֹ הַ֭לְמַעַנְךָ תֵּעָ֣זַב אָ֑רֶץ |
|||||||||
2nd level (kings) |
מִמְּקֹמֽוֹ׃ |
וְיֶעְתַּק - צ֝֗וּר |
הַ֭לְמַעַנְךָ תֵּעָ֣זַב אָ֑רֶץ |
טֹֽרֵ֥ף נַפְשׁ֗וֹ בְּאַ֫פּ֥וֹ |
Psalm 121.1 BHS | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Entire verse |
שִׁ֗יר לַֽמַּ֫עֲלֹ֥ות אֶשָּׂ֣א עֵ֭ינַי אֶל־הֶהָרִ֑ים מֵ֝אַ֗יִן יָבֹ֥א עֶזְרִֽי׃ |
||||||||||
1st level (Kaiser) |
מֵ֝אַ֗יִן יָבֹ֥א עֶזְרִֽי׃ |
שִׁ֗יר לַֽמַּ֫עֲלֹ֥ות אֶשָּׂ֣א עֵ֭ינַי אֶל־הֶהָרִ֑ים |
|||||||||
2nd level (kings) |
יָבֹ֥א עֶזְרִֽי׃ |
מֵ֝אַ֗יִן |
אֶשָּׂ֣א עֵ֭ינַי אֶל־הֶהָרִ֑ים |
שִׁ֗יר לַֽמַּ֫עֲלֹ֥ות |
Occurrence
The Rewia mugrasch is one of the Ta'amei Sifrei Emet טַעֲמֵי סִפְרֵי אֱמֶ"ת. "Emet" is an acronym consisting of the Hebrew first letters of the books of Jobאִיוֹב= Aleph , proverbsמִשְלֵי(Mischle) = meme and psalmsתְהִלִּים(Tehilim) = Taw , there are also vowels to be able to pronounce the term. The table shows the occurrence of Rewia Mugrasch in the three poetic books.
Part of the Tanakh | Rewia mugrasch |
---|---|
Psalms | 1828 |
Job | 703 |
claims | 654 |
total | 3185 |
literature
- William Wickes: A treatise on the accentuation of the twenty-one so-called prose books of the Old Testament. (1887)
- William Wickes: A treatise on the accentuation of the three so-called poetical books on the Old Testament, Psalms, Proverbs, and Job. (1887)
- Solomon Rosowsky: The Cantillation of the Bible . The Five Books of Moses. The Reconstructionist Press, New York 1957.
- James D. Price: Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible . (Vol. I). Concordance of the Hebrew Accents used in the Pentateuch. Edwin Mellon Press, Lewiston (New York) 1996, ISBN 0-7734-2395-8 .
- Joshua R. Jacobson: Chanting the Hebrew Bible . The art of cantillation. 1st edition. Jewish Publication Society, Philadelphia 2002, ISBN 0-8276-0693-1 .
- Joshua R. Jacobson: Chanting the Hebrew Bible . Student Edition. The Jewish Publication Society, Philadelphia 2005, ISBN 978-0-8276-0816-0 ( online ).
Individual evidence
- ^ Jacobson (2002), p. 936.
- ^ Jacobson (2002), p. 407.
- ^ Jacobson (2002), p. 3: Trop. «In Yiddish, the lingua franca of the Jews in Northern Europe […], these accents came to at known as trop . The derivation of this word seems to be from the Greek tropos or Latin tropus ».
- ↑ Solomon Rosowsky: The cantillation of the Bible . The Five Books of Moses. The Reconstructionist Press, New York 1957 .: "Cantillation proceeds according to the special graphic signs - tropes or accents - attached to every word in the Bible." In connection with a footnote to tropes : "In this work we use the term trope ( Greek tropos - turn) long accepted in Jewish practice. "
- ↑ According to Wickes, however, this term is misleading, since there is no geresch in the three poetic books. Instead, Wickes thinks it is a tipcha that has been put up. Wickes, Poetic Books, p. 16.
- ^ Wickes, Poetical Books, p. 74.
- ^ Price, Vol. V, pp. 1127-1128.
- ^ Price, Vol. V, pp. 1127-1128.
- ^ Price, Vol. V, pp. 1127-1128. Price uses the term tarcha instead of tipcha. There are also other options, but these rarely occur.
- ^ Jacobson (2002), p. 407: the poetic books [...] conjunctive accents
- ↑ James D. Price: Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible. Volume V p. 1095.