She made her debut in the Luge World Cup at the age of 19 on November 28, 2015 on the artificial ice rink Bob-Rodel Igls , where she won the bronze medal at the 2014 Junior World Championships. In her first World Cup race she finished 18th. On January 16, 2016, she achieved ninth place for the first time, a top 10 result on the Oberhof luge track . She was the fourth German starter to qualify for the 2016 Luge World Championships on the Königssee artificial ice rink and on January 29, 2016, she came sixth in the sprint competition, which was held for the first time. One day later, she again reached sixth place in the actual women's World Cup race, becoming the official U-23 world champion ahead of the American Summer Britcher and the Russian Viktorija Demtschenko . On February 6, Julia Taubitz also won gold at the Junior World Championships held in Winterberg.
In the Olympic season on January 20, 2018 in Lillehammer , she was again able to take third place behind Summer Britcher and Natalie Geisenberger . As the fourth-best German in the World Cup, she missed qualifying for the 2018 Winter Olympics .
After missing the Olympic qualification, she started the 2018/19 World Cup with two second places. In the normal competition as well as in the sprint competition, she took second place behind the Olympic champion Natalie Geisenberger on the Igls ice rink . In Whistler , too , she took second place behind Geisenberger. In Calgary , Taubitz won her first world cup races on the bobsleigh and sled run in Canada Olympic Park both in the single-seater in front of Geisenberger and in the relay with Felix Loch , Tobias Wendl and Tobias Arlt . Taubitz won her second World Cup victory in heavy snowfall and difficult conditions at Königssee in Schönau. She also took first place in the team relay with Sebastian Bley, Toni Eggert and Sascha Benecken . At the 2019 World Championships in Winterberg, she won a silver medal in both the sprint and the individual competition.
After the resignation of Tatjana Hüfner and the pregnancies of Natalie Geisenberger and Dajana Eitberger, Taubitz was considered to be the top performing member of an almost completely new German women's team from the 2019/20 season . From the beginning she was able to live up to her new responsibility and fought with the Russian Tatyana Ivanovna for victory in the overall World Cup. In Lake Placid, Altenberg and Sigulda she won her world cup races three to five, and she also won her first two sprint races in Lake Placid and Sigulda. At the 2020 European Championships in Lillehammer , she achieved the silver medal behind Tatiana Ivanova and ahead of Viktorija Demtschenko. At the 2020 World Championships in Sochi , she only had to admit defeat to the local hero Jekaterina Katnikova and, like last year, won the silver medal, in the sprint race she just barely missed a medal in fourth place. In the final race with the team relay, Taubitz won her first world championship title alongside Johannes Ludwig and the Eggert / Benecken doubles. In the last race of the season in Königssee, she finished second behind Anna Berreiter while Ivanovna was only sixth. This enabled her to celebrate her first victory in the overall World Cup.