Kapruner Ache
| Kapruner Ache | ||
 View over the upper Kaprunertal towards the southwest, from the Hohe Tenn : Kapruner Ache over Mooserboden, Drossensperre in the waterfall floor. |
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| Data | ||
| location | Pinzgau , Salzburg , Austria | |
| River system | Danube | |
| Drain over | Salzach → Inn → Danube → Black Sea | |
| source | on the Kaprunertörl above the Mooserboden reservoir 47 ° 8 ′ 23 ″ N , 12 ° 41 ′ 0 ″ E |
|
| Source height | approx. 2400 m above sea level A. | |
| muzzle | Salzach bei Aufhausen / Fürth Coordinates: 47 ° 17 '15 " N , 12 ° 45' 24" E 47 ° 17 '15 " N , 12 ° 45' 24" E |
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| Mouth height | 754 m above sea level A. | |
| Height difference | approx. 1646 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 82 ‰ | |
| length | approx. 20 km | |
| Catchment area | approx. 90 km² | |
| Discharge at the Kaprun A Eo gauge : 169 km². Location: 2.1 km above the mouth |
NNQ (12/24/1962) MNQ 1961–2011 MQ 1961–2011 Mq 1961–2011 MHQ 1961–2011 HHQ (01/09/1980) |
10 l / s 470 l / s 9.35 m³ / s 55.3 l / (s km²) 41.5 m³ / s 63.6 m³ / s |
| Right tributaries | Grubbach, Ebmattenbach | |
| Reservoirs flowed through | Mooserboden , Wasserfallboden , Klammsee | |
| Communities | Kaprun | |
The Kapruner Ache is a mountain river in the Pinzgau and the right tributary of the Salzach . It flows from south to north through the Kaprun Valley and flows into the Salzach after approx. 20 km southwest of Zell am See . The river and valley are heavily developed by the Kaprun power plant .
Run of the Kapruner Ache
The Kapruner Ache rises below the Kaprunertörl ( 2639 m above sea level ), on the slopes of the Hocheiser and the Hohen Riffl , in the Flur Wintergasse , among other things from a small glacier lake of the Lower Karlinger Kees at 2400 m. After just one kilometer, it reaches the Mooserboden reservoir . At its (upstream) left dam, the Drossensperre (left of the Höhenburg ( 2108 m above sea level )) it overflows down a steep step and after a few hundred meters reaches the Wasserfallboden reservoir .
After this lake, the Kapruner Ache drops steeply to the Kesselfall (Alpenhaus) and shortly before the end of the valley it reaches another, smaller reservoir, the Klammsee on the Sigmund-Thun-Klamm . A little below, at the main stage of the powerhouse in Kaprun-Winklerdörfl, it absorbs all the water from the dam that is not used as part of the pumped storage operation. In Kaprun -Dorf it reaches the valley floor of the Salzach Valley and flows into the Salzach opposite Aufhausen and Fürth (districts of Piesendorf).
Since the Kaprun hydroelectric power plant taps the Margaritze reservoir on the Pasterze on the Großglockner via a pressure tunnel that tunnels under the central watershed of the Alps, the Kapruner Ache carries more powerful water in the lower reaches than its actual catchment area. The hydrologically effective catchment area at the Kaprun gauge is 169.0 km², almost twice as large as the natural catchment area (88.6 km²).
The most important tributaries are the Grubbach from the Schmiedingerkees to the Kitzsteinhorn / Großer Schmiedinger ( glacier ski area ) and Ebmattenbach from the Wasserfallkees on the Geralkogel and Hochweissenfeldkees on the Grießkogel , across the corridor The Troughs and the Ebmatten Almen, as well as smaller streams from the Wiesbachhorn , Hohem Tenn and Imbachhorn . The Keese around the Klockerin drain in the scree to the Moserboden.
Development of the Kaprun valley
The Kaprun Valley is one of the most intensively used high alpine valleys in the Eastern Alps.
Like the upstream valleys ( Krimmler , Oberes and Unteres Sulzbach , Habach , Hollersbach , Felber , Stubachtal ), unlike the valleys downstream ( Fusch , Rauris , Gastein , Groß and Kleinarl ), it was never populated. but pure alpine pastures . It is also one of the shortest of these valleys, and in the Hintertal around 1850 the glaciers still reached into the Moserboden valley floor.
The touristic development began after 1875 with the completion of the railway line Salzburg - Wörgl , the Baedeker describes the valley in 1870 as "wild, beautiful high alpine valley, is on the whole very little visited", but then the Sigmund-Thun-Gorge was one Steig opened up and the Alpenhotel Kesselfall built and developed with a driveway, so that an upscale public with horse-drawn carriages and armchairs could also find access. The (old) Fürther Hütte (today drowned in the Wasserfallboden) can be found before 1900 and the Berghotel am Moserboden around 1910 .
As early as 1928 - at the time the Großglockner High Alpine Road was being built - the idea of a power plant was born, because the valley leads into one of the large glacier areas of the Austrian Alps and is rich in water, but it is also close to the town of Zell am See and against the Zell basin is open, so that the connection to the existing infrastructure appeared less complex. It was only after the war that construction began, with funds from the Marshall Plan , and the power plant was opened in 1955. After 1963, the expansion of the Kitzsteinhorn as a glacier ski area began.
The Kaprun valley and its utilization in a modern sense has always been seen as a landmark of Austria, and after the expansion of Limberg II in 2011, the Kaprun power plant covers 10% of Austria's peak electricity requirements. The valley is a sought-after tourist destination in summer and winter with its ski area, inclined lift, funiculars, mountain inns, walking paths over the dam crowns and similar attractions: Relevant marketing concepts such as Kaprun high mountain reservoirs , the electricity & ice adventure world , but also the Austriaweg and Arnoweg as integration into the Austrian region Long-distance hiking trails make the Kaprun Valley and its surroundings one of the most important tourist destinations in Austria. With around 3700 guest beds (1995) and over 770,000 overnight stays (1992/93), Kaprun is one of the 15 most affluent communities in Austria (out of around 2600).
The valley extends into the Hohe Tauern National Park , so that, as with the Glocknerstrasse, large-scale development and strict protection zones are in close proximity. After a period of rejection of the expansion of the Alpine development for the energy industry and tourism industry since the 1970s, the Kaprun Valley is now seen as a test case, whether and how intensive use and regional value creation and the enormous technical effort behind renewable energy can be combined with the Connect nature and landscape protection ideas.
literature
- Wolfgang Sitte : The Kaprun Valley in Salzburg . In: geography today . No. 131 . Erhard Friedrich, Seelze / Velber 1995, p. 34 f . ( friedrichonline.de [PDF]).
- Kapruner Ache . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 10, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885-1892, p. 604. - Historical description
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management (ed.): Hydrographisches Jahrbuch von Österreich 2011. 119th volume. Vienna 2013, p. OG 124, PDF (12.9 MB) on bmlrt.gv.at (Yearbook 2011)
- ↑ a b c d lit. Customs: Kaprun Valley . 1995.
- ↑ cit. according to custom, 1995
- ↑ Alpenhaus Kesselfall ( Memento of the original from October 29, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Kaprun high mountain reservoirs, tauerntouristik.at
- ↑ Erlebniswelt Strom & Eis ( Memento of the original dated August 29, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
