Kcynia

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Kcynia
Coat of arms of Kcynia
Kcynia (Poland)
Kcynia
Kcynia
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Kuyavian Pomeranian
Powiat : Nakielski
Gmina : Kcynia
Area : 6.84  km²
Geographic location : 53 ° 0 ′  N , 17 ° 29 ′  E Coordinates: 52 ° 59 ′ 31 ″  N , 17 ° 29 ′ 4 ″  E
Height : 136 m npm
Residents : 4697 (December 31, 2016)
Postal code : 89-240
Telephone code : (+48) CNA
Economy and Transport
Street : Ext. 241 Wągrowiec - Nakło nad Notecią
Ext. 247 Kcynia - Szubin
Next international airport : Bydgoszcz



Kcynia ( German Exin ) is a town in the powiat Nakielski of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland . It is the seat of the town-and-country municipality of the same name with around 13,500 inhabitants.

history

The exact date of the establishment of the town is not known. In 1086 a church was built dedicated to St. Egidius ( Święty Idzi ). On June 29, 1262 the knights Jan and Ryner received from the Wielkopolska Duke Bolesław Pobożny for the place city ​​rights according to Magdeburg law . After a great fire raged in the place, the Polish King Sigismund II August exempted the place from all taxes for five years in 1552. In 1632 Władysław IV. Wasa allowed the city to collect tariffs. During the Second Northern War there was a battle near Kcynia in 1656 between the Polish army under Stefan Czarniecki and the Swedish under Karl X. Gustav . The Swedes emerged from this battle successfully. During the first partition of Poland , the city came to Prussia in 1772 . In 1776 the place was connected to the Prussian postal system . A Protestant church was built in 1780. The city's Prussian period was interrupted from 1807 to 1815 by membership of the Duchy of Warsaw .

Under the leadership of several Polish nobles, the city was attacked on the night of May 7th to 8th, 1848 . On this occasion around 40 people were killed, the city was set on fire in three places, and the German residents were plundered under the pretext of disarming. The attack was preceded by public weapons exercises by German colonists under the leadership of a Herr von Treskow, which created a displeasure among the Polish population.

In 1867 a post office was built. In 1888 Exin was to the rail network of Gniezno ( Gniezno ) to Nakel connected (Nakło nad Notecią).

the synagogue (early 20th century)

In 1893 the first volunteer fire brigade was formed. In the school year 1906/1907 there was a strike , similar to the Wreschen school strike, when German was also introduced as a compulsory language for religious education. In 1908 the rail network was expanded and the city received rail connections to Bromberg ( Bydgoszcz ) and Posen ( Poznań ). In 1913 the construction of the station building was completed.

After the First World War, the city came in 1919 or because of the Treaty of Versailles officially 10 January 1920 the Polish Second Republic ..

In September 1939, the city was occupied by the German Wehrmacht as part of the attack on Poland and shortly afterwards it was assigned to the Altburgund district in violation of international law . The place was initially given its German name Exin again, later it was temporarily renamed Prien am Berge (after the German submarine commander Günther Prien ).

On 21/22 January 1945 the Red Army entered the city. Soon after the occupation, the city was returned to the People's Republic of Poland .

The middle school and high school were reopened in 1945. In 1980 the Solidarność trade union became active in the village , but had to cease its official activities when a state of war was declared in 1981.

Population development

In 1783 there were 703 inhabitants in the city, of which 374 were Catholic, 174 Jewish and 155 Protestant. In 1837 the number of inhabitants had grown to 2074, of which 1048 were Catholic, 717 were Jewish and 309 were Protestant. In 1890, 2,814 people lived in the village, of which 1815 were Catholic, 708 Protestant and 291 Jewish. 1650 inhabitants were Poles. At the 1938 census, 4159 of the 4554 inhabitants were Polish, 327 German and 68 Jewish.

The following shows the population development graphically.

Culture and sights

late baroque church of the Carmelites

local community

The town-and-country community (gmina miejsko-wiejska) Kcynia includes the town and 36 villages with school boards (sołectwa). It has an area of ​​297 km².

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

The town of Kcynia is crossed by Voivodeship Road 241 ( droga wojewódzka 241 ). This leads in the northeast after about 17 kilometers through Nakło nad Notecią, where it crosses the national road 10 ( droga krajowa 10 ). In a south-westerly direction, the 241 runs through Wągrowiec after 27 kilometers and ends after about 45 kilometers at Rogoźno where it joins the national road 11 .

The voivodship road 247 begins in Kcynia and ends in the east after about 20 kilometers with the confluence with the voivodship road 246 or the European road 261 / Landesstraße 5 .

Kcynia has a train station on the Oleśnica – Chojnice railway line, which is only operated here for goods traffic, and on the Poznań – Bydgoszcz railway line, which has been closed here .

The closest international airport is Bydgoszcz Ignacy Jan Paderewski Airport , which is located about 35 kilometers northeast of the city.

education

In Kcynia there is the Jan Czochralski Primary School ( szkoła podstawowa im. Jana Czochralskiego ), the Wielkopolska Insurgent Middle School ( Gimnazjum im. Powstańców Wielkopolskich ) and the school complex No. 1 ( Zespół Szkół nr 1 ). There is also a vocational school ( Zasadnicza Szkoła Zawodowa ).

Personalities

literature

  • Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the country Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, pp. 291-292.
  • Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia. Second part, which contains the topography of West Prussia . Kantersche Hofdruckerei, Marienwerder 1789, pp. 86–87, no. 6.).
  • Tadeusz Pietrykowski, Z przeszłości Kcyni: z okazji 666 rocznicy założenia miasta , Kcynia 1928, completely online
  • Fritz Brosowski (ed.): Festschrift for the 700th anniversary of the city of Exin, Altburgund-Schubin district, Posen province, and its surroundings 1262–1962 , Bergen 1962

Web links

Commons : Kcynia  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes

Catalog of works of the glass painting workshop Linnemann 1914, in the Linnemann archive.

  1. a b c d e f g h i j Website of the city, Kiedy powstała Kcynia? ( Memento of the original from February 18, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed Jan. 31, 2009 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kcynia.pl
  2. szukacz.pl, Kcynia - Informacje dodatkowe , accessed on January 31, 2009 ( WebCite ( Memento from January 31, 2009 on WebCite ))
  3. ^ Report of the deputy Geßler (regional and city court director in Schubin ) before the Prussian National Assembly. In: Negotiations of the Constituent Assembly for Prussia. Berlin / Leipzig 1848. p. 1348
  4. report drawn Szumann (governmental council a. D. from Kujawski ) before the Prussian National Assembly. In: Negotiations of the Constituent Assembly for Prussia. Berlin / Leipzig 1848. p. 1349
  5. a b territorial.de, administrative district Stadt und Land Exin , February 15, 2004 ( WebCite ( Memento from February 1, 2009 on WebCite ))
  6. ^ The city's website still writes 1784 Jews; but this is obviously a typo
  7. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. District of Schubin. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  8. For 1783, 1837 and 1938: Website of the city ( Memento of the original of February 18, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. For 1816, 1880, 1890: Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. pos_schubin.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). For December 1, 1910: gemeindeververzeichnis.de ( WebCite ( Memento from February 1, 2009 on WebCite )) For June 30, 2008: Główny Urząd Statystyczny ( Memento from January 29, 2009 on WebCite ) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kcynia.pl


  9. ^ Włodzimierz Dworzaczek : Teki Dworzaczek: Materiały historyczno-genealogiczne do dziejów szlachty wielkopolskiej XV-XX wieku. 1995–2004 by Biblioteka Kórnicka PAN, ( online ( memento of the original from March 31, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. ) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bkpan.poznan.pl