Hinkley Point Nuclear Power Plant

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Hinkley Point Nuclear Power Plant
Left the two reactors of Hinkley Point A, right Hinkley Point B
Left the two reactors of Hinkley Point A,
right Hinkley Point B
location
Hinkley Point Nuclear Power Plant (England)
Hinkley Point Nuclear Power Plant
Coordinates 51 ° 12 '29 "  N , 3 ° 7' 48"  W Coordinates: 51 ° 12 '29 "  N , 3 ° 7' 48"  W.
Country: Great Britain
Data
Owner: Hinkley Point A: Nuclear Decommissioning Authority
Hinkley Point B: British Energy
Operator: Hinkley Point A: Magnox Electric Limited
Hinkley Point B: British Energy
Commercial operation: March 30, 1965

Active reactors (gross):

2 (1310 MW)

Decommissioned reactors (gross):

2 (534 MW)
Energy fed in since commissioning: 301,925 GWh
Website: Hinkley Point B on the operator's website ( Memento from June 28, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
Was standing: August 1, 2008
The data source of the respective entries can be found in the documentation .
f1

The Hinkley Point nuclear power plant is located near Bridgwater , Somerset , in the south-west of England on the Bristol Channel . It consists of the two parts of the plant Hinkley Point A and Hinkley Point B . It has two operational reactors (Hinkley Point B1 and B2) and two already decommissioned reactors (Hinkley Point A1 and A2). The two reactors currently in operation have a combined net electrical output of 840  MW and supply electricity for over a million households.

In March 2013 the expansion of Hinkley Point by two more reactors (Hinkley Point C1 and C2) with a total of 3260 MW was approved. The final decision was originally to be taken in 2014 on the construction of the project, which cost at least £ 24.5 billion (EUR 27.4 billion). During the visit of Chinese President Xi Jinping to Great Britain in October 2015, a contract was signed according to which the Chinese state-owned company China General Nuclear Power Group with a sum of 6 billion British pounds (6.7 billion euros) of the total costs of now 18 Billion pounds sterling (€ 20.1 billion). The other costs are borne by the French group EDF .

After the economically motivated abandonment of the Wylfa and Cumbria nuclear power plant projects by Toshiba and Hitachi , it is the only remaining new nuclear power plant in Great Britain.

Hinkley Point A

Hinkley Point Nuclear Power Plant
Hinkley Point A as seen from the entrance to Hinkley Point B.

The two nuclear reactors at Hinkley Point A were Magnox reactors . They each had a net output of 235 MWe (gross output per 267 MWe).

Construction of both blocks began on November 1, 1957. On February 16, 1965, Hinkley Point-A1 was first synchronized with the mains and on March 19, 1965 Hinkley Point-A2. On March 30, 1965, Block A1 went into commercial operation for the first time, and Block A2 on May 5, 1965.

On May 23, 2000, Hinkley Point A was closed. Around 103 TWh of electricity were produced there during the operating period.

The facility stands on a 19.4 hectare site. From 1965 to 1989 the plant belonged to the "Central Electricity Generating Board" (CEGB). From 1989 to 1994 it was owned by Nuclear Electric plc. From 1994 to 1998 the reactors were owned by Magnox Electric plc, and from 1998 to 2004 by British Nuclear Fuels plc. Since 2004 the facility has belonged to the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority as part of the decommissioning .

The reactor pressure vessels were the largest of all British Magnox reactors. After the shutdown, 71,828 fuel elements had to be brought to Sellafield .

Curiosities

During construction in 1961, a construction worker urinated against one of the pipes. As a result, the corresponding pipes through which the radioactive wastewater flowed during the operating phase began to rust and therefore the plant had to be shut down for ten days in 1986 in order to renew the pipes for the equivalent of around 4.5 million DM.

Hinkley Point B

Hinkley Point B

The two reactors at the Hinkley Point B plant are of the Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor (AGR) type. Both have a gross output of 655 MWe. Block B1 has a net output of 410 MW, block B2 a net output of 430 MW.

Construction of both blocks began on September 1, 1967. On February 5, 1976, Hinkley Point-B2 was first synchronized with the power grid, on October 30, 1976 Block B1. On September 27, 1976, block B2 went into commercial operation, on October 2, block B1. The two reactors require 40 to 45 cubic meters of water per hour. According to the operator, the shutdown of the two units was planned for 2016; in March 2013, the BBC reported that the shutdown was not planned until 2023.

In 2003, a worker fell from an eight-meter-high scaffolding in the turbine hall and broke the pool. He had to wait 20 minutes before he was taken to the hospital in Taunton . Thereupon 350 workers from the temporarily closed reactor went on strike, blocked the entrance to the power plant and demanded better ambulance services in the plant.

In October 2006, the Hinkley Point-B1 and B2 reactors and the Hunterston-B1 and B2 reactors were temporarily shut down to check for cracking within the reactors. The shutdown planned for 2011 could be postponed to 2017. In May 2007 the reactors started up again. British Energy assumed it would have to spend £ 90m to extend the term . There is also talk of extending the term until after 2017. The unplanned outages at Hinkley Point B and Hunterston B resulted in a loss of 9.4 billion kWh and were the main reason for the low amount of nuclear power produced in the 2006/2007 financial year .

Hinkley Point C

planning

As of 2019, two further reactors of the EPR type are under construction . In March 2013, Électricité de France (EDF) received approval to build a new power plant. Since the construction is not economically viable due to the high investment costs, EdF had demanded state subsidies in the form of a guaranteed electricity purchase price as a condition for the construction , which was negotiated with the government until October 2013 . According to the BBC , a guaranteed minimum price below 90 pounds / MWh would cause the nuclear power plant to write losses. The power plant is subsidized by the United Kingdom with a total of € 100 billion.

On October 21, 2013, EDF Energy, a British subsidiary of Électricité de France , announced that its French-Chinese consortium had signed an “accord de principle” with the British government for 16 billion pounds sterling ( GBP; at that time approx. 19 billion euros) to have two pressurized water reactors built with a combined net output of 3200 MW (gross output 3260 MW). The last nuclear reactor in the UK was commissioned in 1995 . The consortium includes the French EdF with 40 to 50% and the power plant builder Areva with 10%, the Chinese companies CGN ( Guangdong Nuclear Power Corporation Holding ) and CNNC ( China National Nuclear Corporation ) with a combined share of 30-40%, participation by sovereign wealth funds from Kuwait and Qatar was discussed.

In order to make the project profitable for the consortium, the Cameron I government promised a guaranteed feed-in tariff of 92.5 pounds / MWh plus annual inflation compensation based on 2012 prices (currently 103 euros / MWh) for 35 years from commissioning. Before indexing, this was twice the average English electricity price in 2013 and at that time was below the feed-in tariff for large photovoltaic and offshore wind turbines, but above that for onshore wind turbines. In addition, a government loan guarantee of £ 10 billion (€ 11.8 billion) was granted to reduce financing costs. The nuclear reactors should (according to the planning at the time) go online in 2023 and are expected to run for 60 years. Should the nuclear reactors have to be shut down for purely political reasons, the operators will be compensated financially by the government for the loss of earnings. EU Energy Commissioner Günther Oettinger described the compensation commitments as "Soviet".

Since the British government grants funding through three measures - in the form of a guaranteed feed-in tariff (including inflation compensation) through a Contract for Difference (CfD), through loan guarantees and protection against politically motivated shutdowns through a Secretary of State Agreement - a subsidy that qualifies as aid , these had to be approved by the EU. In December 2013, EU Competition Commissioner Joaquín Almunia launched an investigation. In addition to the general check as to whether the funding is an inadmissible subsidy , it should be checked whether the funding conditions are proportionate and there are no alternatives.

On October 8, 2014, the EU Commission announced that changed British funding measures for Hinkley Point C were compatible with EU law . Elektrizitätswerke Schönau Vertriebs GmbH appealed against this decision . Baden-Württemberg municipal utilities also want to sue. The criticism is also directed against the unequal treatment of the promotion of renewable energies, for which, unlike for the electricity from Hinkley Point C, according to the environmental and energy subsidy guidelines of the EU Commission, no support may be granted in times of negative prices.

At the same time it became known that the costs are forecast to be significantly higher than previously communicated. Instead of the originally stated 16 billion pounds, the construction costs are now to be at least 24.5 billion pounds (27.4 billion euros), the maximum amount approved by the EU Commission is 34 billion pounds (38 billion euros). This corresponds to the capital requirements expected by the EU Commission. Originally (2005) a new turnkey EPR of this performance class was supposed to cost 3 billion euros. The project in Hinkley is 7 times higher than the cost planning from 2005 at the cost of an EPR with 1600 MWe.

Delays due to economic factors and political objections

In March 2015, Greenpeace Energy announced that it was preparing a lawsuit against the decision of the EU Commission. The lawsuit was filed on September 25, 2015 and finally dismissed in October 2017.

400 project employees were threatened with dismissal in April 2015 because the planning work was practically complete and EdF had not yet made a final decision for or against the project. New power lines would also have to be built for the two planned reactors.

At the end of April 2015, the then Austrian Chancellor Werner Faymann (SPÖ) declared that an action for annulment against the decision was ready and will be brought to the Court of the European Union (EGC) in Luxembourg in a few weeks : “We are suing the decision of the EU Commission, that Great Britain can finance the expensive expansion of a nuclear power plant with tax revenues. ”In July 2015 the lawsuit was brought. On July 12, 2018, the ECJ ruled that Great Britain could determine its own energy mix .

On June 17, 2015, the Committee for Economic Affairs and Energy of the German Bundestag held a public hearing on the question of whether Germany should also bring an action against the Commission's decision.

In September 2015, EDF announced that there would be a final investment decision in October 2015. In the event of a positive decision, commissioning will only be possible after 2023. In January 2016, EDF postponed the investment decision again.

At the beginning of March 2016, EDF CFO Thomas Piquemal resigned. The reason for this was apparently doubts about the financial feasibility of Hinkley Point C. EDF announced in this connection that the final investment decision should be made in the “near future”.

In March 2016, the Cour des Comptes warned the French Court of Auditors that EDF should ask "serious questions" before proceeding with Hinkley Point C planning.

On March 22, 2016 it became known that the investment decision announced for the end of March 2016 would be postponed to May 2016.

In April 2016 it became known that seven Chinese companies had been founded in connection with the power plant construction in London. The Chinese only stated that they were necessary for the implementation of the project and that they were now working on long-term implementation according to the basic agreement. A final contract has not yet been signed.

At the end of April 2016, the then French Minister for Economic Affairs, Emmanuel Macron , announced that the financing decision had been postponed to September 2016. Shortly thereafter, the French government gave EDF a 60-day consultation period; this ended on July 4, 2016.

On June 23, 2016, the referendum on whether the United Kingdom should remain in the EU took place. 51.9 percent of those who voted were in favor of Brexit . This implies new imponderables for the construction project. On March 29, 2017, the UK officially started the exit process.

In July 2016, it was announced by the UK Department of Energy that the cost of running the plant would be £ 37 billion over its entire operating life. A year earlier, the cost had been estimated at £ 14 billion. This raised questions about the financing of the operation, to which the UK Department of Energy responded by pointing out that the price calculations for the electricity produced had been chosen in such a way that rising costs were not at the expense of taxpayers. EDF supported this view by pointing out that this cost estimate was based on the state of September 2015, when wholesale prices for electricity were extremely low, and that they would offer competitive electricity prices when production started. The National Audit Office warned shortly after this figure became known that the grants the state must pay EDF to offset falling wholesale prices had grown from £ 6.1 billion in October 2013 to £ 29.7 billion in March 2016 be. The UK Department of Energy replied that the figure was an estimate that the cost of the power plant was still £ 18 billion and that neither taxpayers nor consumers would face any higher additional payments.

The four French trade unions representing EDF ( CGT , CFDT , CFE-CGC and FO ) expressed fears in mid-2016 that the Hinkley-C project could financially ruin EDF, which is already in debt with 37 billion euros. A meeting of the “comité central d'entreprise” of EDF was scheduled for September 22, 2016.

In July 2016, the UK's National Audit Office (NAO) stated that it was cheaper to use renewable energy than to build Hinkley Point C.

In connection with the planned construction of Hinkley Point C, French authorities raided EDF headquarters in July 2016. The Financial Market Authority accused EDF of not disclosing information about the company's overall financial position and, in particular, the costs of the reactor construction.

On July 28, 2016, EDF decided to build the power plant. Shortly before the meeting at which the decision was taken, an EDF board of directors had resigned. The contracts for the construction were to be signed one day later in a ceremony; a delegation from Chinese companies also involved in the project had already arrived for this purpose. The May government canceled the signing of the contract at short notice and without giving a reason. According to Greg Clark , Minister for Economic Affairs, Energy and Industrial Strategy, the May government wants to re-examine the agreements and make a final decision in autumn 2016. At the beginning of September 2016 it became known that five members of the board of directors of EDF are suing the decision to build Hinkley Point C because they were not sufficiently informed at the time of the decision. It also became known that the UN Espoo Commission is calling for a cross-border environmental impact assessment for Hinkley Point C.

On September 15, 2016, the UK government decided to continue the project.

At the beginning of 2017 it was announced that Toshiba and Engie wanted to withdraw from the project. Toshiba's nuclear power subsidiary filed for bankruptcy in March 2017.

According to a report by the University of Sussex (2016), the project is intended to carry out military research. Since the approved sum of 31 billion pounds for the renewal of the British Trident nuclear submarine fleet is not sufficient, part of the costs are to be accommodated in the civilian sector. Research results from the reactors at Hinkley Point C are to flow into the new reactor type of nuclear submarines.

In March 2017, the UNECE (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe) asked Great Britain to stop all work on the reactor until the governments of other countries, such as Germany and the Netherlands and Norway, had given their opinion on whether they would like to discuss possible cross-border problems want to be informed of the reactor. In 2016, the Commission had already asked the British government to discuss the construction with neighboring countries. A spokesman for EDF said an audit had shown that cross-border impairment was not to be expected. It was assumed that the complaint for non-compliance with the guidelines for the inclusion of other countries in the construction of such facilities will have an impact on earthworks or the construction of a jetty at the facility.

In July 2017, it was announced that completion would take at least 15 months longer and the project would cost £ 1.6 billion more.

construction

The first safety-relevant concrete for the supply tunnels of Block C-1 was poured on March 31, 2017. On December 11, 2018, the first concrete for the foundation of the nuclear power plant section of Block C-1 was poured. This is usually considered the official start of power plant construction ( First Concrete ).

Commercial commissioning of the blocks was planned for 2018 in 2025.

As of 2019, the construction of the two reactors is 8 years behind schedule, and the originally planned budget has already been exceeded by billions. The guaranteed feed-in tariff of 92.50 pounds was already far higher than the tariff for electricity from offshore wind farms of 57.50 pounds. In September 2019, the construction costs should cost 21.5-22.5 billion pounds, 1.9-2.9 billion pounds more than in the last calculation. After EDF released the numbers, the share price fell 7%.

Regulations for the end of operating hours

For the first time in the history of the British nuclear industry, it was agreed that at the end of the expected operating time in 2083, the operators will have to take over the dismantling of the power plant and the disposal of the waste generated. On September 29, 2016, the British government presented the regulations that EDF must comply with if the nuclear power plant goes out of operation and how the costs are to be met. The cost that operators will have to pay is estimated at up to £ 7.2 billion. The end of the dismantling is expected in the year 2138 with the disposal of the last used fuel rods. Experts assume that the costs mentioned are set very low, since the reality of current disposal shows that the costs are higher than previously stated.

At the end of October 2016, it became known that the British government had promised the operators an unknown upper limit for the disposal costs at the end of the operating period: the state would assume any higher costs. This assurance was withheld from the public for about a year.

photos

The following pictures show a transport of radioactive waste from the Hinkley Point nuclear power plant to Sellafield.

  • Nuclear waste flask train at Bristol Temple Meads 01.jpg
  • Nuclear waste flask train at Bristol Temple Meads 02.jpg
  • DRS-37612 + 37069-01.jpg

Data of the reactor blocks

The Hinkley Point nuclear power plant has a total of four blocks :

Reactor block Reactor type Net power Gross output start of building Network synchronization Commercial operation Shutdown
Hinkley Point-A1 Magnox reactor 235 MW 267 MW 11/01/1957 02/16/1965 03/30/1965 May 23, 2000
Hinkley Point-A2 Magnox reactor 235 MW 267 MW 11/01/1957 March 19, 1965 05/05/1965 May 23, 2000
Hinkley Point-B1 EGR 410 MW 655 MW 09/01/1967 10/30/1976 10/02/1978 ( Template: future / in 3 yearsPlanned for 2023 )
Hinkley Point-B2 EGR 430 MW 655 MW 09/01/1967 02/05/1976 09/27/1976 ( Template: future / in 3 yearsPlanned for 2023 )
Hinkley Point-C1 EPR 1600 MW 1720 MW December 11, 2018
Hinkley Point-C2 EPR 1600 MW 1720 MW (Planned for 2019)

Web links

Commons : Hinkley Point Nuclear Power Plants  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b British Energy - Power Stations - Hinkley Point B ( Memento from June 28, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ a b Hinkley Point nuclear plant to cost £ 24.5bn . In: The Telegraph , October 8, 2014. Retrieved October 13, 2014.
  3. ↑ China is helping to build British nuclear power plants ( Memento from October 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) on Tagesschau.de , October 21, 2015, accessed on October 22, 2015
  4. ↑ a b UK signals shift from nuclear to renewables . In: The Week , January 18, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  5. ↑ a b c Power Reactor Information System of the IAEA : "United Kingdom: Nuclear Power Reactors" (English)
  6. ↑ Magnox - Hinkley Point A ( Memento April 2, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  7. ^ Hinkley Point A Site: About us ( September 7, 2008 memento in the Internet Archive )
  8. ↑ ENERGY ACT 2004
  9. ^ Hinkley Point A Site: Site operations ( September 7, 2008 memento in the Internet Archive )
  10. ^ Expensive business ( Memento from July 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), Hamburger Abendblatt, November 20, 1986
  11. ^ Hinkley Point B Nuclear Power Station Water Treatment Plant, Bridgwater, United Kingdom
  12. ^ A b New nuclear power plant at Hinkley Point C is approved , BBC News , March 19, 2013
  13. ↑ 350 strike at Hinkley Point Nuclear Power Station , UK Indymedia
  14. ^ Nuclear plant gets nod to restart , BBC News
  15. ↑ Safety approved at nuclear plants , BBC News
  16. ^ BE Announces Life Extensions For Hinkley Point B And Hunterston B ( Memento from December 21, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  17. ↑ British government approves nuclear power plant - construction but uncertain , iwr.de, accessed on March 20, 2013.
  18. ^ Hinkley Point C: deal or no deal for UK nuclear? . In: telegraph.co.uk , March 19, 2013, accessed March 20, 2013.
  19. ↑ What price nuclear power? The final hurdle for Hinkley . In: BBC , March 20, 2013.
  20. ^ Lawsuit against British nuclear power aid ( Memento from July 15, 2015 in the Internet Archive ). In: Tagesschau.de , July 15, 2015, accessed on November 12, 2015.
  21. ↑ Accord de principe sur les termes commerciaux des contrats relatifs au projet de centrale nucléaire Hinkley Point C with link to the press conference
  22. ↑ Exchange rate on October 21, 2013: 1.181 euros for 1 GBP. The figure of 16 billion euros is mentioned on page 3 of the press release ; shortly before that, The Guardian had named the outdated figure of GBP 14 billion. (PDF file)
  23. ↑ France and China build nuclear power plants in Great Britain In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , October 21, 2013
  24. ^ Qatar and Kuwait 'in talks with EDF over Hinkley Point nuclear stake' , telegraph.co.uk , October 23, 2013, accessed January 24, 2015
  25. ↑ Exchange rate from.
  26. ^ Britain, EDF strike deal on nuclear project . In: Global Post , October 17, 2013, accessed October 18, 2013.
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  28. ^ David Cameron hails nuclear power plant deal as big day for Britain , The Guardian
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  30. ↑ COMMISSION DECISION ON THE AID MEASURE SA.34947 (2013 / C) (ex 2013 / N). (PDF file, 1.3 MB) EU Commission , October 8, 2014, accessed on November 12, 2015 (English): "(44) NNBG will, subject to conditions, receive compensation in the event of a" political " shutdown of HPC (by either a UK, EU or international competent authority) other than for certain reasons including health, nuclear safety, security, environmental, nuclear transport or nuclear safeguards (Qualifying Shutdown Event). "
  31. ^ Marlies Uken: Nuclear power, at any price. In: Zeit Online. October 8, 2014, accessed on October 8, 2014 : “Hardly surprising that in the spring, EU Energy Commissioner Günther Oettinger could only think of one word about this guarantee contract for EDF: Soviet. […] The EU Commission has been negotiating the deal with the British government for months, invited hearings and analyzed the British electricity market. Apparently, London accepted Almunia's suggestions for changes and made concessions. When the EU commissioners meet for their weekly meeting on Wednesday, they could wave the British Hinkley plans through. "
  32. ↑ Written statement on the public hearing of the Bundestag Committee for Economic Affairs and Energy by Thorsten Müller and Markus Kahles, Environmental Energy Law Foundation (June 15, 2015).
  33. ↑ Cooperation with China: Great Britain is building the first nuclear power plant in decades . In: Spiegel Online , October 21, 2013.
  34. ^ European commission inquiry into Hinkley Point deal could delay project . theguardian.com , December 2, 2013, accessed December 4, 2013.
  35. ↑ press release
  36. ↑ Commission approves aid for Hinkley Point nuclear power plant in Great Britain . ec.europa.eu. October 8, 2014. Archived from the original on November 13, 2014.
  37. ↑ No money for Atom Stop Brussels ( Memento from June 26, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), website of the EWS-Schönau campaign
  38. ↑ Susanne Preuss, Marcus Theurer: Swabians fear British nuclear power plant Hinkley Point. faz.net, May 30, 2015, accessed the same day
  39. ↑ Written statement on the public hearing of the Bundestag Committee on Economy and Energy by Thorsten Müller and Markus Kahles, Stiftung Umweltenergierecht , p. 7 f., Accessed on June 18, 2015 (PDF file)
  40. ↑ Commission approves aid for Hinkley Point nuclear power plant in Great Britain . In: European Commission , October 8, 2014, accessed October 15, 2014.
  41. ↑ "OL3 Project" ( Memento of 13 May 2008 at the Internet Archive ). "Teollisuuden Voima Oyj" (Finnish: Industrial Power Corporation), 2005, accessed October 15, 2014
  42. ↑ BBH is preparing a lawsuit against the EU Commission ( memento of April 12, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), beckerbuettnerheld.de, March 12, 2015
  43. ^ Greenpeace Energy and Others v Commission , InfoCuria, accessed April 6, 2016
  44. ↑ European Court of Justice finally rejects Greenpeace Energy's claim. Greenpeace Energy, October 12, 2017, accessed January 8, 2018 .
  45. ^ Hinkley Point C nuclear project workers face layoff , The Guardian, April 2, 2015
  46. ↑ www.world-nuclear-news.org
  47. ↑ Document ( Memento from April 16, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) on infrastructure.planningportal.gov.uk (English)
  48. ↑ Austria's lawsuit against Hinkley Point nuclear power plant finished . news.ORF.at. May 1, 2015. Retrieved April 2, 2016.
  49. ^ Judith Hecht: Hinkley Point: Nuclear Power Precedent , Die Presse, July 16, 2015
  50. ↑ Great Britain may promote the construction of nuclear power plants
  51. ↑ Public hearing on the motion of the DIE LINKE parliamentary group. "Active against subsidies for the construction of new nuclear power plants in the EU" . Archived from the original on June 19, 2015. Retrieved April 2, 2016.
  52. ↑ EDF admits Hinkley Point won't be ready by 2023 , The Telegraph, September 3, 2015, accessed October 1, 2015
  53. ↑ EDF shuns investment in Hinkley Point C , klimaretter.info of January 27, 2016, accessed on May 9, 2018
  54. ↑ EDF finance chief quits over decision to push on with Hinkley Point , ft.com, March 7, 2016
  55. ↑ a b Brexit endangers British nuclear power plans , FAZ.net, June 30, 2016
  56. ↑ EdF CFO shies away from risk for Hinkley Point nuclear power plant , diepresse.com from March 7, 2016, accessed on March 7, 2016
  57. ↑ EDF CFO resigned due to dispute over Hinkley Point nuclear power plant ( memento of March 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) of March 7, 2016, accessed on March 7, 2016
  58. ↑ EDF CFO leaves Hinkley Point , klimaretter.info of March 7, 2016, accessed on May 9, 2018
  59. ^ French watchdog issues warning to EDF over Hinkley Point , Financial Times, March 10, 2016, accessed March 13, 2016
  60. ↑ Hinkley Point branded potentially risky for EDF by French auditor , TheGuardian.com, March 11, 2016
  61. ↑ Auditors warn EDF about Hinkley Point nuclear power station , Euronews of March 11, 2016, accessed on March 13, 2016.
  62. ↑ EDF decision on Hinkley Point nuclear power plant postponed , Euronews of March 22, 2016, accessed on March 24, 2016
  63. ↑ Terry Macalister: Hinkley Point: China incorporates seven London-based firms , theguardian.com, April 3, 2016.
  64. ↑ EDF postpones investment decision on Hinkley Point C nuclear power plant , IWR News, April 25, 2016
  65. ↑ Slap for nuclear power station prestige project Slap for nuclear power station prestige project ( Memento from April 25, 2016 in the web archive archive.today ), Neues Volksblatt , April 25, 2016
  66. ↑ a b Brexit will not scupper Hinkley Point, insists EDF , times.co.uk , July 5, 2016
  67. ↑ Fear is spreading in British industry , FAZ.net, June 30, 2016
  68. ↑ DECC Government Major Projects Portfolio data 2016 , gov.uk, accessed on July 14, 2016
  69. ↑ Terry Mcalister: Estimated cost of Hinkley Point C nuclear plant rises to £ 37bn , in: The Guardian, July 7, 2016, accessed July 8, 2016
  70. ↑ Terry Macalister: Hinkley Point C may cost £ 30bn in 'top-up payments', warns watchdog , in: The Guardian, July 13, 2016, accessed July 13, 2016
  71. ^ Trade unions press EDF to delay Hinkley Point C decision , ft.com June 30, 2016
  72. ^ A b Projet Hinkley Point: avec le Brexit, le report "plus que jamais nécessaire" pour les syndicats , connaissancedesenergies.org, June 30, 2016
  73. Jump up ↑ British Control Bureau delivers a damning verdict on Hinkley Point Nuclear Power Plant , Der Standard, July 14, 2016
  74. ↑ EDF raided by French authorities ahead of Hinkley greenlight , www.telegraph.co.uk July 22, 2016
  75. ↑ Controversial power plant: Green light for Hinkley Point nuclear reactor . In: Spiegel-Online , July 28, 2016.
  76. ↑ British government slows down giant nuclear power project . In: FAZ.net July 29, 2016.
  77. ↑ Oh, sorry, there was something else . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , July 30, 2016.
  78. ↑ a b Anschober: More and more problems with the Hinkley Point C nuclear power plant project , Österreich Journal, September 6, 2016, accessed on September 7, 2016.
  79. ^ Government confirms Hinkley Point C project following new agreement in principle with EDF. Government Digital Service, September 15, 2016, accessed September 15, 2016 .
  80. ↑ sueddeutsche.de / Björn Finke September 15, 2016: Terrible love of the British for nuclear power ( comment )
  81. ↑ Toshiba gets out: Apparently financial problems at the Hinkley Point nuclear power plant. Industriemagazin, February 3, 2017, accessed on February 4, 2017 .
  82. ↑ taz.de November 23, 2016
  83. ^ Adam Vaughan, UN asks UK to suspend work on Hinkley Point , in: theguardian.com March 20, 2017
  84. ↑ Hinkley Point nuclear power plant will be 1.7 billion euros more expensive. Der Standard, July 3, 2017, accessed July 3, 2017 .
  85. ↑ EDF Energy pours first concrete for the Hinkley Point C - Utility Week . In: Utility Week . March 31, 2017 ( utilityweek.co.uk [accessed November 12, 2018]).
  86. ↑ a b 36-hour Hinkley Point concrete pour releases £ 70m | Construction inquirer. Retrieved December 10, 2018 .
  87. ↑ Major concrete pour at Hinkley Point C - World Nuclear News. Retrieved December 12, 2018 .
  88. ↑ iwr.de: Expensive for EDF: Hinkley Point C nuclear power plant probably costs over 3 billion euros more from September 25, 2019, accessed on September 27, 2019.
  89. ↑ Adam Vaughan: Hinkley Point C developers face £ 7.2bn cleanup bill at end of nuclear plant's life in: The Guardian, September 30, 2016, accessed September 30, 2016
  90. ↑ Hinkley Point C Funded Decommissioning Programs , Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, accessed on September 30, 2016
  91. ↑ Jamie Doward: Secret government papers show taxpayers will pick up costs of Hinkley nuclear waste storage , in: The Guardian, October 30, 2016, accessed October 30, 2016
Nuclear power plants in the UK
Planned / under construction

Hinkley Point C  • Sizewell C

In operation

Dungeness B  • Hartlepool  • Heysham  • Hinkley Point B  • Hunterston B  • Sizewell B  • Torness

Out of service

Berkeley  • Bradwell  • Calder Hall  • Chapelcross  • Dounreay  • Dungeness A  • Hinkley Point A  • Hunterston A  • Oldbury  • Sizewell A  • Trawsfynydd  • Windscale  • Winfrith  • Wylfa