Krimmler Tauern
| Krimmler Tauern | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 View from the Krimmler Tauern to the north into the upper Windbachtal, in the center of the picture the Windbachtal head |
|||
| Compass direction | north | south | |
| Pass height | 2634 m | ||
| Krimmler Achental , Oberpinzgau , Salzburg | Ahrntal , South Tyrol | ||
| Watershed | Windbach → Krimmler Ache → Salzach → Inn → Danube → Black Sea | Ahr → Rienz → Eisack → Etsch → Adria | |
| Valley locations | Krimml | Prettau | |
| expansion | Mule track | ||
| Mountains | Zillertal Alps : main ridge | ||
| particularities | An important alpine crossing since the early days | ||
| map | |||
|
|||
| Coordinates | 47 ° 4 '53 " N , 12 ° 9' 32" E | ||
The Krimmler Tauern is a 2634 m high mountain pass in the main ridge of the Zillertal Alps . It connects Salzburg and South Tyrol with one another. Since the Treaty of Saint-Germain came into force in 1920, the border between Italy and Austria has run across the Krimmler Tauern . The non-navigable mule track that leads over the pass is the northernmost border crossing between the two states. This is where the Rieserferner-Ahrn Nature Park and the Hohe Tauern National Park meet.
location
The Krimmler Tauern lies on the main Alpine ridge between the Windbachtal , a side valley of the Krimmler Achental in the rearmost part of Upper Pinzgau , and the end of the Ahrntal . It separates the catchment areas of the Salzach and the Ahr , and thus forms the watershed between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean .
The peaks on both sides of the pass are the Tauernkogel ( 2872 m ) to the east and the Schütttalkopf ( 2773 m ) to the west. The border between the Zillertal Alps and the Venediger Group of the Hohe Tauern is not seen today as the Krimmler Tauern, but rather the Birnlücke , 4 kilometers to the east .
history
As the shortest connection between Salzburg and Venice , the Krimmler Tauern was important as a transition for a long time.
A tentative seasonal inspection has been assumed since the Bronze Age and has been proven since Roman times . What is certain is that the Krimmler Tauern was of great importance in the Middle Ages : for cattle herders, farmers and hunters, for rulers and officials, urgent couriers, soldiers and refugees, for pastors and pilgrims, traders and craftsmen, for trailblazers, haulers and smugglers, for young people looking for a bride, for people on the way to weddings, baptisms and funerals.
The Krimmler Tauern was a medieval transit route: for the "white gold" ( salt ) obtained in Salzburg on the way south, for wine and schnapps in the opposite direction. Guest workers also came over the Tauern, miners from Central Germany - attracted by the boom in the Prettau copper mine in the 15th and 16th centuries.
In the 1830s , the military locked the passport to prevent cholera from spreading to Salzburg - with success.
Until the early 20th century, the Windbachkees on the Dreiecker was located here to the west. Fritz Kogel reported in 1897 that he was told that the transition would have previously been over the Schütttaler Joch, which is about 2620 m lower ("the lowest point of the ridge that leads from the Schütthaler Schneid to the Dreiecker") than the actual "Krimmler Tauern", which - in view of the circumstances at the time - "was hard to believe". However, it seems plausible that the Kesselweg as the north ascent to the pass must have been a glacier break at times , so that the route over the flatter upper ice field was probably the better route in the 18th century, it then ran directly over the (upper) Tauernalm in the Schüttal, which is now abandoned down to Trinkstein. Today this path over the Schütttaler Joch is largely impassable, steep debris. Maps from the middle of the 19th century then alternatively show the way across the ice field between Tauernkogel and Glockenkarkopf to the east, today's Karsee Schafseewl and the Pfaffenscharte (approx. 2790 m ) to the Prettnauer Lahneralpe (Lana) , the Schlachter Tauern .
In the summer of 1947 thousands of Jews were "smuggled" over the mountain pass from Austria to Italy on the basis of an idea by Marko Feingold . They were Holocaust survivors who were housed in Austrian assembly camps and wanted to emigrate to Palestine as quickly as possible . From Prettau (partly also in Kasern ) they were taken to Meran and from there to the Adriatic Sea . Since 2007 Alpine Peace Crossing has been commemorating this escape with an annual peace hike over the Krimmler Tauern and other events.
tourism
Today the Krimmler Tauern is mainly used by hikers and mountain bikers .
Cattle drive
In autumn, Ahrntaler cattle are herded across the Krimmler Tauern, which have spent the summer on alpine pastures in the Krimmler Achental. Unlike in previous decades finds Almauftrieb in early summer due to take place at high altitudes still lying snow and the lack of animal power after months in the shed by cattle transport.
photos
View from the Krimmler Tauern to the south into the Ahrntal
View from the Krimmler Tauern: Neugersdorfer Hütte and Dreiherrnspitze
Krimmler Tauern: Marking of the Alpine Peace Crossing path
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Fritz Koegel : The Reichenspitzgruppe. In: Journal of the German and Austrian Alpine Association , Volume 28, 1897, pp. 198 ff (full article, pp. 188–228, online ).
- ↑ In fact, the way the way - straight into the Windbachtal and then changing into the Ahrntal - is for example recorded in the Atlas Tyrolensis ; Peter Anich, Blasius Hueber, Atlas Tyrolensis , 1774, scale 1: 103.800, layer in Historische Kartenwerke Tirol .
- ^ For example, the map of the princes of Tyrol and Vorarlberg (special map of Tyrol) , 1872, scale 1: 144,000 layers in Historical Maps of Tyrol ; Schlachter Tauern is also the name of the whole Glockenkarkopf stick.
- ↑ Village book of the municipality of Prettau , 2008, p. 16 ( PDF )
- ^ Alpine Peace Crossing. Retrieved July 9, 2020 .
- ↑ Ahrntal. A church book , 1999, p. 186 ( PDF )
- ↑ Werner Rurz, G. Nothdurfter: Almauftrieb from large cattle over the Krimmler Tauern , 1963, video on the TIB AV portal of the Technical Information Library (TIB) Hanover