Löwenstern (German-Baltic noble family)

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Coat of arms of the von Löwenstern (1650)

The family of the Barons v. Lion star v. Rigemann ad Hs. Rösthof is the name of a German-Baltic aristocratic family , a merchant and large landowner family from Estonia, whose roots go back to 1387. You were also active as councilors in the city of Riga - and at that time you could only become councilor if you were financially independent. The family owned in Estonia / Baltic States, among other things, the goods Walküll, Jendel, Forell, Rasik, Campen, Pikwa, Wechmut and Allafer, which together covered about 29,000 hectares. Members of the family of the Barons von Löwenstern and direct relatives now live in Germany, Austria, Argentina, Australia, Namibia, South Africa and Canada.

history

origin

The line of tribe dates back to 1387. The family was represented in the Riga City Council from 1556 to 1695 by nine of its members. On April 26, 1596 she received by King Sigismund III. Wasa a letter of nobility. Christoph Rigemann (Rymann, Riemann), councilor and mayor of Riga, deputy of the city of Riga at the court of Stockholm , received a Swedish nobility diploma as Rigeman von Leijonstjerna from Queen Christine on November 14, 1650 . The family was included on July 20, 1668 under the number 741 in the Swedish nobility register in the knight's house in Stockholm. His brother Diedrich on Anzen und Rösthof (Estonian Restu, today Risttee, municipality of Sangaste ) was included in the register of the Livonian knighthood under number 78 . 1770 Johann was of Löwenstern from the house Rösthof who by marriage to Barbara Sophia of Brevern goods Rasik , Camping: and (Estonian Kampi) Allafer in the Governorate of Estonia had acquired in the Estonian knighthood added.

The extensive possessions of the Barons von Löwenstern (Estonia) in the Baltic States at the end of the 18th century included the goods Walküll, Jendel , Forell, Rasik, Campen, Pikwa, Wechmut, Kuikatz (from 1803 Löwenhof), Kayafer , Kokenhusen and Allafer , together an area of ​​about 29,000 hectares .

Napoleonic Wars and reference to the Danish Holstein, Hamburg and Altona

On May 30, 1813, the Napoleonic General Louis-Nicolas Davout moved into Hamburg, which had been occupied by General Friedrich Karl von Tettenborn , and punished the city with draconian contributions for its secession from France. After the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig , the Russian Major General Prince Mikhail Semjonowitsch Voronzow was ordered to rush to the Prussians in the north to help them fight the French. Davout's soldiers were trapped and besieged on all sides. On the orders of King Louis XVIII. the French surrendered the city on May 29, 1814, as its armed forces had been decimated by disease and shortage. One of the officers in charge of Vorontsov was the then Colonel Baron Woldemar Hermann von Löwenstern . He commanded a Cossack brigade that had been selected for the avant-garde and was to advance to Hamburg and Altona . The later major general in the Imperial Russian Cossack Army was previously, among other things, a participant in the battle of Wagram as adjutant of the then lieutenant general Prince Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly .

His younger brother, Baron Georg Heinrich von Löwenstern , commanded another Cossack army as brigade commander and had the order to advance as far as possible on the road to Wandsbek. He first had to assert himself against a strong hostile superiority under Major General Louis Joseph Vichery and then withdrew to Rahlstedt . Opposite him was the Danish Major General Hugo von Buchwald from the House of Fresenburg (near Bad Oldesloe ) as the commandant of Altona . Baron Georg von Löwenstern should later have maintained a lively correspondence with the latter. On January 6, 1813, the Cossack commander accepted an invitation issued by Count Christian Carl von Schimmelmann to move into his Ahrensburg Palace . During this time he met his future wife Adelaide Tugendreich, the count's daughter.

Baron Eduard von Löwenstern , another brother of Woldemar and George, also took part in this mission against the French. He was adjutant to the Reiter-General Graf Peter vd Pahlen and later as Major General Hetman of the Astrakhan Cossack Army . Another brother was Baron Hermann Ludwig v. Löwenstern, landowner and sea captain of the Imperial Russian Fleet.

Another story

Baron Georg von Löwenstern (born November 23, 1786 in Reval, + September 20, 1856 in Kiel) lived together with his wife Adelaide, née Countess von Schimmelmann from Hs Lindenborg , on the family-owned Jendel estate in Estonia. In 1843, after the sale of his estates in Estonia, he and his family settled in Holstein, which was then part of the Danish state, and near Copenhagen at the Schimmelmann Fideikommiss-Gut Hellebeck and the Villa Seelust in Klampenborg, Gentofte Kommune . The Villa Seelust in Kiel was also part of their property . Through an open letter from King Frederick VI. on June 8, 1827 Georg received the Danish nobility recognition and approval to use the baron title and admission to the Danish nobility. Georg was the Imperial Russian Guard Colonel and Danish Major General. As Extraordinary Danish Envoy and Plenipotentiary Minister of the King in Rio de Janeiro from 1827 to 1829 and from 1835 to 1847 in Vienna to conclude a trade agreement with the respective countries. Georg and Adelaide had five children. The son of Baron Friedrich Sebastian v. Löwenstern (1829-1910) was landowner (Villa Löwenstern in Oberalm near Salzburg) and founded as an entrepreneur in Oberalm the v Baron. Löwenstern'sche Marmor-Waaren-Fabrik , which he later successfully sold (now marble industry Kiefer ).

In Prussia , the title of baron was recognized by heraldry rescript of March 30, 1868 for Baron Hermann von Löwenstern, landowner and imperial German corvette captain.

At the time of the founding of the Baltic states of Estonia and Latvia and the associated expropriations of the Baltic German landowners, the family in Estonia was no longer property owners .

Members of the family now live in Germany, Austria , Denmark, Namibia , Australia , Canada and Argentina .

coat of arms

The coat of arms awarded in 1650 shows a blue bar in silver , the whole thing covered with a crowned golden lion , in each of the upper corners a golden, six-pointed star . On the helmet with a silver-red-gold-silver bead and red-gold-red-silver covers a flight , on the right from silver over blue, on the left from red over silver, in between the head and neck of a crowned golden lion, overlaid by a golden one Star. In the Genealogical Handbook of the Baltic Knighthoods , the lion is directed to the left (heraldic), in other illustrations to the right (heraldic).

  • Coat of arms of the von Löwenstern, in varied tinging

  • Coat of arms of those von Löwenstern in the register of arms of all families belonging to the Ehstland [sic!] Aristocratic registers

Personalities

Estonian branch of the family of the Barons von Löwenstern

family

Livonian branch of the von Löwenstern family

Literary

Adolf Muschg designed his novel Löwenstern (2012) in the form of fictional notes by Baron Hermann Ludwig von Löwenstern (1777–1836).

See also

  • Löwenstern - to differentiate the individual sexes Löwenstern .

literature

  • Gustaf Elgenstierna : The introducerade svenska adelns ättartavlor. Volume 3, Stockholm 1930
  • Genealogical Handbook of the Baltic Knighthoods (New Series) , Hamburg 2014, Vol. 4, pp. 211–273
  • Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels Adelslexikon Volume 8, 1997, CA Starke Verlag , Limburg (Lahn), pp. 36–37; Vol. 17, 2008, p. 424.
  • Genealogical manual of the noble houses B 7, volume 36 of the complete series, 1965, pp. 250-265 (from Löwenstern of the Rigemann tribe)
  • Genealogical Handbook of the Baron Houses B 3, Volume 31 of the complete series, 1963, pp. 278–281 (Barons von Löwenstern of the Rigemann tribe)
  • Genealogical Handbook of the Barons B 24, Volume 143 of the complete series, 2008, pp. 274–282
  • Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Freiherrliche Häuser , Justus Perthes Gotha 1903, 1905–1939 (continuations) (from Löwenstern of the Rigemann tribe)
  • Winno von Löwenstern: The Rigemann and Löwenstern families. In: Baltische Ahnen- und Stammtafeln 47 (2005), pp. 38–40
  • Winno von Löwenstern: Family tables of the lords and barons Löwenstern and Rigemann. Bergisch Gladbach 2004
  • Woldemar Baron von Löwenstern: Memories of a Livonian. From the years 1790–1815. Edited by Friedrich von Smitt. Leipzig and Heidelberg: winter 1858
  • Eduard Baron von Löwenstern: With Count Pahlen's cavalry against Napoleon: Memories of the Russian General Eduard von Löwenstern, 1790–1837. Berlin: Middle 1909
  • Otto Magnus von Stackelberg (edit.): Genealogical handbook of the Baltic knighthoods part 2, 1.2: Estonia, Görlitz 1930, pp. 120–126 ( digitized version )

Web links

Commons : Löwenstern (German Baltic noble family)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Gabriel Anrep : Svenska adelns ättar-taflor.Afdelning 3rd from Nackreij - Skytte. P. 421 ( digitized at Project Runeberg )
  2. ↑ Jully Ramsay : Frälseslakter i Finland intill stora ofreden. P. 338 under Rigeman ( digitized at Project Runeberg )
  3. ↑ Wetzel: Major General von Buchwald's memories of his command in Altona in December 1813
  4. ↑ a b Otto Magnus von Stackelberg (edit.): Genealogical handbook of the Baltic knighthoods, part 2, 1.2: Estonia, Görlitz 1930, p. 121 ( digitized version )
  5. ↑ GND = 129885134
  6. ^ According to the Book of the Dead of the Soviet Special Camp No. 3 , accessed on April 6, 2013
  7. ^ Adolf Muschg: Löwenstern: Roman. Munich: Beck 2012 ISBN 978-3-406-63951-7
  8. ^ Review of the Sunday newspaper from August 26, 2012, accessed on April 5, 2013.
  9. ↑ Memories of a Livonian, Volume 1 , accessed April 6, 2013.
  10. ^ Memoirs of a Livonian, Volume 2 , accessed April 6, 2013.
  11. ↑ Memories of a Livonian at archive.org, accessed April 6, 2013.