Leopold Karl von Kollonitsch

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Cardinal Leopold Karl von Kollonitsch
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Cardinal's coat of arms

Leopold Karl von Kollonitsch , also: Kollonich , Collonicz , Kollonitz (born October 26, 1631 in Komorn , Kingdom of Hungary , † January 20, 1707 in Vienna ) was Roman Catholic Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Gran (Esztergom), Primate of the Kingdom of Hungary and cardinal .

Life

Leopold Karl von Kollonitsch came from the noble family Kollonitz von Kollograd , he was the son of Count Ernst von Kollonitsch, the commander of the Komorn Fortress . He took part in 1651 as a candidate for the Order of Malta in the defense of Kandia ( Crete ) against the Turks and in 1655 in the fighting in the Dardanelles . As a Knight of Malta from 1658 he was prior of the monastic settlements of the Coming Mailberg and later of Eger in Bohemia .

1659 Emperor named him Leopold I to Chamberlain and hit him as Bishop of Neutra (now Slovakia before). Only then did Kollonitsch begin to study theology and was ordained a priest in 1668 . The episcopal ordination donated to him on August 26, 1668 in Vienna Archbishop Antonio Pignatelli , later Pope Innocent XII .; Co- consecrators were Ferenc Szegedy , Bishop of Vác , and Lorenz Aidinger , Bishop of Wiener Neustadt . In 1669 he took up the office of bishop, but renounced it because of criticism in Hungary and in 1670 became bishop of Wiener Neustadt. From 1672 to 1681 he was President of the Hungarian Court Chamber.

Kollonitsch was one of the radical advocates of the Counter Reformation in the Kingdom of Hungary. Together with Georg Szelepcsényi - Pohronec ( Hungarian Szelepcsényi György) he was responsible for the conviction and expulsion of 278 Protestants from what is now Slovakia at the Pressburg Special Court held in 1673–1674 . He was no less an anti-Semite, who regarded the Jews in Hungary as "a noxious weed rooted everywhere". In 1697 he tried ultimately to intrigue against the court Jew Samuel Oppenheimer, without success .

During the second Turkish siege of Vienna in 1683, he went to the besieged city, paid for the troops and set up emergency hospitals in monasteries. After the liberation of Vienna on September 12th through the Battle of Kahlenberg , he organized the care of around 500 orphans at Mailberg Castle , whose parents had perished in the destruction of the suburbs. In the following years he founded the first military hospitals behind the troops advancing east. This made it very popular with the Viennese population.

In 1685 he became bishop of the diocese of Raab and cardinal in 1686 ; In 1688 he also became Archbishop of Kalocsa . In 1692 the Emperor appointed him Minister of State and Conference, in which capacity he was responsible for the reorganization of the conquered Hungarian territories.

In 1695 he finally became Archbishop of Gran and Primate of Hungary. He was able to win over 100,000 Orthodox Christians for a union with Rome .

The settlement of the Capuchins in Pressburg began under Kollonitsch . So in 1708 the foundation stone for the Capuchin monastery with the adjoining monastery church was laid.

His monument by Vincenz Pilz stands in front of the Vienna City Hall . In 1862 the Kolonitzgasse in Vienna- Landstrasse (3rd district) and in 1873 the Kolonitzplatz were named after him.

In 1678, Kollonitsch donated the Marian Column in Wiener Neustadt in memory of the weddings of the Duchesses Eleonora Marie Josefa with Charles V of Lorraine and Maria Anna Josefa with Johann Wilhelm von der Pfalz . The crowned figure of Maria Immaculata stands victorious on a dragon, thus representing the Counter-Reformation .

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Leopold Karl von Kollonitsch  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Max Grunwald: Samuel Oppenheimer and his circle . Рипол Классик, 1913, ISBN 978-5-87614-351-8 ( google.de [accessed on March 21, 2020]).
  2. ↑ The Capuchins in Bratislava ( Memento of the original from April 15, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on wieninternational on August 7, 2012, accessed on December 27, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wieninternational.at
predecessor Office successor
Gregory VII Széchenyi Archbishop of Gran
1695–1707 		Christian August of Saxony-Zeitz
György Szécsényi Bishop of Raab
1685–1695 		Christian August of Saxony-Zeitz
Laurenz Aidinger Bishop of Wiener Neustadt
1670–1685 		Christoph de Rojas y Spinola
Juraj II. Selepèéni Pohronec Bishop of Neutra
1666–1669 		Tomáš III. Pálffi
personal data
SURNAME Kollonitsch, Leopold Karl von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kollonich, Leopold Karl von; Collonicz, Leopold Karl von; Kollonitz, Leopold Karl von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Catholic Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Gran and Cardinal
DATE OF BIRTH October 26, 1631
PLACE OF BIRTH Komorn
DATE OF DEATH January 20, 1707
Place of death Vienna