Line 1 of the Paris tram
The Line 1 of the Paris tramway (name: T1 Tramway 1 ) is the first tram in the Ile-de-France , after the Second World War was built and put into operation. The route is entirely located in the Seine-Saint-Denis and Hauts-de-Seine departments north of Paris . As a tangential line, it connects the Asnières-Genevilliers Les Courtilles station on the border of the municipalities of Asnières-sur-Seine and Gennevilliers via Saint-Denis with the Gare de Noisy-le-Sec station .
history
The RATP and the locally responsible authorities began to consider setting up a tram connection between Saint-Denis and Bobigny in 1982. A line was planned which, with preferential signal control, was to run predominantly along Route nationale 186 and on its own track. It was to connect three metro lines and the Saint-Denis SNCF train station. Initially, 2500 hourly passengers were expected during peak traffic.
The construction stages
The first section was put into operation in 1992 in two stages: on July 6, first the section from Bobigny - Pablo Picasso to La Courneuve - May 8, 1945 , then in December the extension from there to Gare de Saint-Denis . The next 2.9 km extension with five new stations to the east of the existing line, from Bobigny to Gare de Noisy-le-Sec station , was completed in December 2003. There the line was given a transfer option to line E of the Réseau Express Régional .
On November 15, 2012, an extension to the west by 4.9 kilometers, from Saint-Denis over the bridge Pont de l'Île Saint-Denis to Asnières-Gennevilliers, was put into operation: ten new stations were created with the possibility of transferring to the RER - Lines C and D , to metro line 13 and to several railway lines. Since July 2013, the tram line T5 (T5) has ended at the Marché de Saint-Denis station in the immediate vicinity of the line 1 stop of the same name.
Early route renewal (2006-2010)
The high number of passengers with up to 115,000 passengers per day resulted in heavy traffic on the route. The vibrations generated by the moving trains are transmitted to the ground, they led to the fatigue of the floor slabs, which separated from the ground or broke apart. This led to uneven floors in pedestrian areas, which led to the falls of passers-by. Therefore, during the summer holidays from 2006 to 2010, the tracks in the oldest construction section were renewed, whereby emphasis was placed on embedding the rails in the subsurface to absorb vibrations. For this, the tram traffic had to be interrupted, a rail replacement service with articulated buses was set up. The new rails are expected to last 30 years.
Stations
from west to east
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Transfer stop Marché de Saint-Denis , the terminus of the T5 line is on the left behind the trees
Pedestrian zone Rue Auguste Delaune, in the background the Gare de Saint-Denis station on the bridge over the Canal de l'Ourcq , in front of it a branch to the T8 line
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Vehicle fleet and its maintenance
35 trams of the type TFS in two different versions from the manufacturer Alstom are available for the route .
The older design (railcars 101 to 117) dates from 1992 and has direct current motors , the younger version (railcars 118 and 119) from 1994 is equipped with asynchronous motors. Further vehicles of the latter type (railcars 201 to 216) were moved from line T2 to T1 in 2003 and 2004 . While the first vehicles initially had a silver-colored car body - similar to the TFS of the Grenoble tram - the railcars taken over from T2 were already painted in the current colors.
The vehicles are serviced in the Ateliers de Bobigny depot , to which a single-track service line leads from the Boboigny - Pablo Picasso stop . The trains on Metro line 5 are also serviced there. On the more than 40,000 m² site, 10,000 m² are reserved for trams, 1,600 m² of which are covered.
Route extension
To the east: Noisy-le-Sec - Val de Fontenay
To the south, an eight-kilometer extension of the route with fifteen stations from Noisy-le-Sec to the Val de Fontenay station is planned. When planning the extension to Noisy-le-Sec, it was assumed that a later extension to the south would be possible, which is why the terminus is only provisional. For a long time, however, one of the affected communities opposed a route through its city center.
In 2012, construction was scheduled to begin in 2014 and finish in 2017. But in 2018 construction work has not yet started. The journey on the extension route should be around 25 minutes; the planners are hoping for 50,000 additional passengers. However, following the example of line T3, the line in Bobigny - Pablo Picasso is to be broken into two separate sections, which could then be given the numbers T1a and T1b.
The extension of the route will require fifteen additional trams, and it will have its own depot in the municipality of Montreuil .
The extension route will have a number of connections to other public transport in the region:
- RER E in Noisy-le-Sec and Fontenay-sous-Bois
- RER A in Fontenay-sous-Bois;
- 18 bus routes (distributed over the entire extension route)
- Metro line 11 on the future extension of this metro line in Romainville
- Tangentielle Nord railway line in Noisy-le-Sec (from approx. 2017)
- the future line 15 of the Grand Paris Express
To the west: Asnières-Gennevilliers - Rue Gabriel Péri in Colombes
In March 2014, STIF approved a public hearing on this extension of the route. A total of twelve more stops are to be built in the cities of Asnières-sur-Seine and Colombes on the six-kilometer route . There will also be transfer options to the T2 tram and the J line of the Transilien . The route is to be built in two stages:
- The section to the Quatre Routes stop on the western city limits of Asnières is scheduled to go into operation at the end of 2018.
- The track extension to the last stop in the rue Gabriel Peri (not to be confused with the Metro station Gabriel Péri of Line 13 of the Paris Métro in Asnieres-sur-Seine) on the southern outskirts of Colombes should be completed by approximately the 2,023th
Once the route has been completed, it is assumed that there will be 60,000 additional passengers per day.
Other vehicles for the extended route
Since vehicles of the type TFS are no longer produced, vehicles of the CITADIS family from the same manufacturer will probably be used.
Web links
- RATP website on the extension of the T1 line from Saint-Denis to Asnières (French). (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 5, 2010 ; accessed on May 7, 2017 .
- Website des Hauts-de-Seine about the extension of the T1 tram line from Saint-Denis to Asnières (French). (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on February 7, 2009 ; accessed on May 7, 2017 .
- RATP website about the extension of the T1 tram line from Noisy-le-Sec to Montreuil (French). (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 5, 2010 ; accessed on May 7, 2017 .
- STIF website on the extension of the T1 tram line from Saint-Denis to Asnières, project description and costs (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ News in brief. In: Stadtverkehr 10/1982, p. 424.
- ↑ a b Back after 54 years: The tram in Paris. In: Stadtverkehr 10/1992, p. 6 f.
- ^ Rail Express , Le Parisien of July 9, 2010 (French), accessed on March 18, 2014.
- ^ Jean Tricoire: Le tramway à Paris et en Île-de-France . Éditions La Vie du Rail, Paris 2007, ISBN 978-2-915034-66-0 , p. 65 ff. and 85 ff .
- ↑ transportparis.canalblog.com
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from September 30, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Other sources even expect 80,000 additional passengers (see: Archived copy ( Memento from December 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ))
- ^ Message from STIF ( memento of June 1, 2014 in the web archive archive.today ) of March 25, 2014 (French) accessed on June 1, 2014.
Métro : • Grand Paris Express : •
RER : •
Transilien : •
Tram Express Nord • Tram Express Ouest • Tram Express Sud •
Tram : •
Bus •
Noctilien •
Funiculaire de Montmartre • OrlyVal • CDGVAL • LISA •
CDG Express
