List of European reptiles
The list of European reptiles contains all reptiles occurring in Europe down to the species level. The border here is a line that runs from the Urals across the Caucasus and along the Turkish Black Sea and Aegean coasts to the south. Species whose distribution area is only in the southern Caucasus or in the Asian part of Turkey are not listed. Not even those of the Canaries , Madeira and the Azores . However, it includes the species from the Greek Aegean Islands off the Turkish coast and Cyprus , and the sea turtles that occur on the coasts of Europe.
The species found in Germany , Austria and Switzerland are highlighted in bold.
Turtles
Sea turtles
- Leatherback turtle ( Dermochelys coriacea )
- Green turtle ( Chelonia mydas )
- Loggerhead sea turtle ( Caretta caretta )
- Hawksbill sea turtle ( Eretmochelys imbricata )
- Atlantic ridged turtle ( Lepidochelys kempii )
Tortoises
- Moorish tortoise ( Testudo graeca )
- Greek tortoise ( Testudo hermanni )
- Four-toed tortoise ( Testudo horsfieldii )
- Wide-brimmed tortoise ( Testudo marginata )
Pond turtles
- European pond turtle ( Emys orbicularis )
- Sicilian pond turtle ( Emys trinacris )
- Caspian brook turtle ( Mauremys caspica )
- Moorish brook turtle ( Mauremys leprosa )
- Eastern Mediterranean brook turtle ( Mauremys rivulata )
- Letter ear turtle ( Trachemys scripta ) (introduced by humans)
Softshell turtles
- Nile softshell turtle ( Trionyx triunguis ) ( Kos )
Lizards
Gecko-like
- Caspian straight finger gecko ( Alsophylax pipiens )
- European leaf finger ( Euleptes europaea )
- European half finger ( Hemidactylus turcicus )
- Aegean bare finger ( Mediodactylus kotschyi )
- Wall gecko ( Tarentola mauritanica )
- Turkestan bow finger gecko ( Tenuidactylus bogdanovi ) (introduced to Odessa )
- Caspian bow finger gecko ( Tenuidactylus caspius )
Agamas and chameleons
- Common chameleon ( Chamaeleo chamaeleon )
- African chameleon ( Chamaeleo africanus )
- Caucasian agame ( Paralaudakia caucasia )
- Spotted toad head ( Phrynocephalus guttatus )
- Sungazer ( Phrynocephalus helioscopus )
- Bearded toad head ( Phrynocephalus mystaceus )
- Hardun ( Stellagama stellio )
- Steppe agame ( Trapelus sanguinolentus ) ( Dagestan )
To sneak
- Peloponnese slow worm ( Anguis cephallonicus )
- Eastern slow worm ( Anguis colchica )
- Western slow worm ( Anguis fragilis )
- Greek slow worm ( Anguis graeca )
- Italian slow worm ( Anguis veronensis )
- Scheltopusik ( Pseudopus apodus )
Skinks
- St. John's Lizard ( Ablepharus kitaibelii )
- Iberian roller skink ( Chalcides bedriagai )
- Italian ore sneak ( Chalcides chalcides )
- Spotted roller skink ( Chalcides ocellatus )
- Western ore creep ( Chalcides striatus )
- Berberskink ( Eumeces schneideri ) ( Dagestan )
- Speckled snake skink ( Ophiomorus punctatissimus )
- Goldmabuye ( Trachylepis auratus ), Rhodes (formerly Mabuya aurata )
Lizards
- European fringed finger ( Acanthodactylus erythrurus )
- Dwarf keel lizard ( Algyroides fitzingeri )
- Spanish quill lizard ( Algyroides marchi )
- Peloponnesian quill lizard ( Algyroides moreoticus )
- Magnificent keel lizard ( Algyroides nigropunctatus )
- Northwest Anatolian Lizard ( Anatololacerta anatolica ) ( Samos )
- Anatolian rock lizard ( Anatololacerta danfordi ) (Eastern Aegean islands)
- Southwest Anatolian Lizard ( Anatololacerta oertzeni )
- Tyrrhenian mountain lizard ( Archaeolacerta bedriagae )
- Dalmatian pointed head lizard ( Dalmatolacerta oxycephala )
- Alpine rock lizard ( Darevskia alpina )
- Armenian rock lizard ( Darevskia armeriaca )
- Brauner's rock lizard ( Darevskia brauneri )
- Caucasian rock lizard ( Darevskia caucasica )
- Dagestani rock lizard ( Darevskia daghestanica )
- Artviner rock lizard ( Darevskia derjugini )
- Crimean rock lizard ( Darevskia lindholmi )
- Western meadow lizard ( Darevskia pontica )
- Caucasian meadow lizard ( Darevskia praticola )
- Keel-tail rock lizard ( Darevskia rudis )
- Rock lizard ( Darevskia saxicola )
- Montenegro Pointed Lizard ( Dinarolacerta montenegrina )
- Moso lizard ( Dinarolacerta mosorensis )
- Steppe Runner ( Eremias arguta )
- Fast desert racer ( Eremias velox ) (Dagestan)
- Greek pointed head lizard ( Hellenolacerta graeca )
- Aran mountain lizard ( Iberolacerta aranica ) ( Val d'Aran )
- Aurelios mountain lizard ( Iberolacerta aurelioi )
- Pyrenean mountain lizard ( Iberolacerta bonnali )
- Spanish mountain lizard ( Iberolacerta cyreni )
- Galan's mountain lizard ( Iberolacerta galani )
- Croatian mountain lizard ( Iberolacerta horvathi )
- Martinez rica mountain lizard ( Iberolacerta martinezricai )
- Iberian mountain lizard ( Iberolacerta monticola )
- Sand lizard ( Lacerta agilis )
- Western green lizard ( Lacerta bilineata )
- Eastern giant emerald lizard ( Lacerta media )
- Iberian green lizard ( Lacerta schreiberi )
- Caspian green lizard ( Lacerta strigata )
- Western giant emerald lizard ( Lacerta trilineata )
- Eastern green lizard ( Lacerta viridis )
- European snake eye ( Ophisops elegans )
- Bocage's wall lizard ( Podarcis bocagei )
- Carbonell wall lizard ( Podarcis carbonelli )
- Crete wall lizard ( Podarcis cretensis )
- Cycladic wall lizard ( Podarcis erhardii )
- Malta wall lizard ( Podarcis filfolensis ) ( Malta & Gozo )
- Skyros wall lizard ( Podarcis gaigeae ) ( Skyros )
- Podarcis guadarramae
- Spanish wall lizard ( Podarcis hispanicus )
- Pori wall lizard ( Podarcis levendis )
- Balearic wall lizard ( Podarcis lilfordi )
- Catalan wall lizard ( Podarcis liolepis )
- Adriatic wall lizard ( Podarcis melisellensis )
- Milos wall lizard ( Podarcis milensis ) ( Milos )
- Wall lizard ( Podarcis muralis )
- Peloponnese wall lizard ( Podarcis peloponesiaca )
- Pityuse lizard ( Podarcis pityusensis )
- Aeolian wall lizard ( Podarcis raffoneae ) ( Aeolian Islands )
- Ruined lizard ( Podarcis siculus )
- Taurian wall lizard ( Podarcis taurica )
- Tyrrhenian wall lizard ( Podarcis tiliguerta )
- South Iberian wall lizard ( Podarcis vaucheri )
- Podarcis virescens
- Sicilian wall lizard ( Podarcis waglerianus )
- Algerian sand runner ( Psammodromus algirus )
- East Iberian sand runner ( Psammodromus edwarsianus )
- Iberian sand runner ( Psammodromus hispanicus )
- West Iberian sand runner ( Psammodromus occidentalis )
- Madeira Wall Lizard ( Teira dugesii ) (Port of Lisbon )
- Glasses lizard ( Scelarcis perspillata ) ( Minorca at Ciutadella )
- Pearl lizard ( timon lepidus )
- Forest lizard ( Zootoca vivipara )
Double sneak
- Moorish networm ( Blanus cinereus )
- Southwest Iberian networm ( Blanus mariae )
- Turkish networm ( Blanus strauchi ) ( Rhodes , Kos )
snakes
Blind snakes
- Flower pot snake ( Indotyphlops braminus ), near Almería
- Worm snake ( Xerotyphlops vermicularis )
Boas
- Western sand boa ( Eryx jaculus )
- Eastern sand boa ( Eryx miliaris )
Adders
- Smooth snake ( Coronella austriaca )
- Girondin smooth snake ( Coronella girondica )
- Balkan jumping snake ( Dolichophis caspius )
- Arrow snake ( Dolichophis jugularis ), Agathonisi
- Schmidt's arrow snake ( Dolichophis schmidti ), Dagestan
- Collared dwarf snake ( Eirenis collaris )
- Headband dwarf snake ( Eirenis modestus )
- Steppe snake ( Elaphe dione )
- Four-striped snake ( Elaphe quatuorlineata )
- Spotted snake ( Elaphe sauromates )
- Algerian angry snake ( Hemorrhois algirus ), on Malta , probably introduced.
- Horseshoe snake ( Hemorrhois hippocrepis )
- Coin snake ( Hemorrhois nummifer ), Kos , Kalymnos .
- Ravergier's Wrath Snake ( Hemorrhois ravergieri ), Rhodes , Kos .
- Cyprus snake ( Hierophis cypriensis )
- Balkan angry snake ( Hierophis gemonensis )
- Yellow-green angry snake ( Hierophis viridiflavus )
- Natter hood ( Macroprotodon cucullatus )
- Iberian hooded snake ( Macroprotodon brevis )
- North African hooded snake ( Macroprotodon mauritanicus ), ( Balearic Islands , Lampedusa ).
- Western lizard snake ( Malpolon monspessulanus )
- Eastern lizard snake ( Malpolon insignitus )
- Iberian grass snake ( Natrix astreptophora )
- Barren grass snake ( Natrix helvetica )
- Viper snake ( Natrix maura )
- Grass snake ( Natrix natrix )
- Dice snake ( Natrix tessellata )
- Reddish snake ( Platyceps collaris )
- Slender snake ( Platyceps najadum )
- Stair snake ( Rhinechis scalaris )
- European cat snake ( Telescopus fallax )
- Transcaucasian climbing snake ( Zamenis Hohenackeri )
- Aesculapian snake ( Zamenis longissimus )
- Italian Aesculapian Snake ( Zamenis lineatus )
- Leopard snake ( Zamenis situla )
Vipers
- Halysotter ( Gloydius halys )
- Levant Otter ( Macroektivena lebetina )
- Cyclades Viper ( Macrovipera schweizeri ), Milos , Sifnos , Kimolos , Polyaigos .
- Asian mountain otter ( Montivipera xanthina ), Lesbos , Chios , Samos , Patmos , Kalymnos .
- European horned viper ( Vipera ammodytes )
- Aspis viper ( Vipera aspis )
- Adder ( Vipera berus )
- Western Caucasus Otter ( Vipera dinniki )
- Greek meadow viper ( Vipera graeca )
- Caucasian Otter ( Vipera kaznakovi )
- Inverted nosed viper ( Vipera latastei )
- Lotiev's viper ( Vipera lotievi )
- Forest steppe otter ( Vipera nikolski )
- Orlov's viper ( Vipera orlovi ) ( Krasnodar region )
- Steppe viper ( Vipera renardi )
- North Iberian adder ( Vipera seoanei )
- Meadow viper ( Vipera ursinii )
- Vipera walser
Individual evidence
- ↑ Václav Gvoždík, Norbert Benkovský, Angelica Crottini, Adriana Bellati, Jiří Moravec, Antonio Romano, Roberto Sacchi, David Jandzik: An ancient lineage of slow worms, genus Anguis (Squamata: Anguidae), survived in the Italian Peninsula. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, May, 2013, doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2013.05.004
- ^ Dieter Glandt: Pocket dictionary of the amphibians and reptiles of Europe . Quelle & Meyer Verlag, Wiebelsheim 2010, ISBN 978-3-494-01470-8 , pp. 389-390.
- ^ Dieter Glandt: Pocket dictionary of the amphibians and reptiles of Europe . Quelle & Meyer Verlag, Wiebelsheim 2010, ISBN 978-3-494-01470-8 , p. 245.
- ↑ Felix Pokrant, Carolin Kindler, Martin Ivanov, Marc Cheylan, Philippe Geniez, Wolfgang Böhme & Uwe Fritz (2015): Integrative taxonomy provides evidence for the species status of the Ibero-Maghrebian grass snake Natrix astreptophora . Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, February, 2016; doi: 10.1111 / bij.12782
- ↑ Carolin Kindler, Maxime Chèvre, Sylvain Ursenbacher, Wolfgang Böhme, Axel Hille, Daniel Jablonski, Melita Vamberger & Uwe Fritz: Hybridization patterns in two contact zones of grass snakes reveal a new Central European snake species. In: Scientific Reports 7, 2016, article number 7378, doi : 10.1038 / s41598-017-07847-9 .
literature
- Wolfgang Böhme: Handbook of the reptiles and amphibians of Europe . Aula-Verlag, 2010, 8500 pp., ISBN 978-3-89104-750-7
- G. Diesner, J. Reichholf: Steinbach's nature guides, amphibians and reptiles . Mosaik Verlag, 1996, Munich, ISBN 3-576-10697-9
- Axel Kwet: Reptiles and Amphibians of Europe . Kosmos (Franckh-Kosmos), 2005, ISBN 3-440-10237-8
- Ulrich Gruber: The snakes of Europe . Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, 1989, ISBN 3-440-05753-4