Malaka (administrative district)

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Kabupaten Malaka
Malaka Governorate
location
Symbols
coat of arms
coat of arms
Basic data
Country Indonesia
province East Nusa Tenggara
Seat Pray
surface 1,160.6 km²
Residents 186,622 (2010)
density 161 inhabitants per km²
ISO 3166-2 ID-NT
politics
Bupati Herman Nai Ulu

Coordinates: 9 ° 34 '  S , 124 ° 54'  E

The Indonesian government district ( Kabupaten ) Malaka is located on the south coast of the island of Timor . It belongs to the province of East Nusa Tenggara .

geography

District Administrative headquarters location
Messenger Leobele Takari center
Io Kufeu Fatubao
(Desa Tunabesi )		 west
Kobalima Raihenek east
East Kobalima ( Kobalima Timur ) Alas Northeast
Laenmanen Eokpuran
(Desa Kapitanmeo )		 Northwest
West Malaka ( Malaka Barat ) Besikama south
Central Malaka ( Malaka Tengah ) Pray north
East Malaka ( Malaka Timur ) Boas Center and east
Rinhat Biudukfoho southwest
Sasita Mean Kaputu west
Weliman Kmilaran
(Desa Laleten )		 south
Wewiku Hanemasin Southern tip of Malaka

Malaka consists of the twelve districts ( Kecamatan ) Botin Leobele , Io Kufeu , Kobalima , East Cobalima ( Kobalima Timur ), Laenmanen , West Malaka ( Malaka Barat ), Central Malaka ( Malaka Tengah ), East Malaka ( Malaka Timur ), Rinhat , Sasita Mean , Weliman and Wewiku . These are divided into 127 Kelurahan (villages).

Malaka forms the southeast of the Indonesian part of West Timor . In the east it borders on the municipality of Cova Lima , which belongs to the state of East Timor , in the north on the administrative district Belu and in the west on the administrative districts of South- Central Timor and North-Central Timor . The total area is 1,160.63 km². The main town is Betun in the Kecamatan Malaka Tengah.

Residents

186,622 people live in Malaka. The majority of them belong to the Tetum and Bunak ethnic groups , most of which otherwise live in neighboring East Timor .

history

In the area of ​​Malaka, laran and wewiku are the centers of the old empire of Wehale , which used to be the cultural and religious center of Timor.

Antonio Pigafetta , a member of the Magellan Expedition , visited Timor briefly in 1522. He reports that there were four main Timorese kings who were brothers: Oibich, Lichisana, Suai and Canabaza . Oibich was the chief of the four. Oibich could be assigned to Wewiku, which is referred to in later sources as the Wehales base. Suai is the capital of what is now the East Timorese community of Cova Lima and probably formed a double empire with Camenaça (Kamenasa, Canabaza, also Camenaça or Camenasse). Lichisana is equated with Liquiçá . Since Lichisana and Suai-Canabaza Wehale were tributary and all of these empires were in the center and east of Timor, the Portuguese later grouped them together as the province of Belu (also: Belos or Behale ). Iron was known, but no script was in use. The population practiced traditional, animistic practices .

On May 26, 1641, the Portuguese military leader Francisco Fernandes defeated a force of the Liurais von Wehale on the border with Mena . The Portuguese then began under Fernandes with a large-scale military operation to extend their control to the interior of the island. The previous Christianization supported the Portuguese in their quick and brutal victory, as their influence on the Timorese had already weakened the resistance. Fernandes carried out the campaign with only 90 Portuguese musketeers. But he was supported by numerous Timorese warriors. He first moved through the area of Sonba'i and until 1642 conquered the kingdom of Wehale, which was considered the religious and political center of the island.

When a Portuguese attack on the Dutch possession of Kupang ended in disaster in 1749, Portuguese rule in West Timor collapsed. Most of the regional rulers signed treaties with the Dutch East India Company in 1756 . Including Jacinto Correa , King of Wewiku-Wehale and Grand Duke of Belu , who also signed the dubious Treaty of Paravicini on behalf of many areas in central Timor , including for Wewiku, which was still part of Wehale's sphere of influence. The area came under Dutch rule, at least nominally. It was not until 1906 that the area of ​​Wehale was finally integrated into the colonial structure of the Dutch, the local ruler remained. Tamira Ailala came to West Timor after the final border was drawn in 1916.

1916 founded Dutch government districts Belu Tasi Feto and Malaka . Belu was under the rule of the Raja of Jenilu , Malaka under the Liurai Tere Seran . The closest seat of the Dutch colonial administration was Atapupu, later Atambua. In 1924 both were united in one administrative district.

On December 14, 2012, Malaka was split off from Belu Governorate as a separate Indonesian governorate.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Yustinus Nahak: Kecamatan di Kabupaten Belu . June 23, 2012, accessed July 28, 2014.
  2. ↑ a b Kompas.com: Malaka Akhirnya Menjadi Daerah Otonom Baru , December 15, 2012 , accessed February 3, 2013
  3. ^ Geoffrey C. Gunn: History of Timor. ( Memento of the original from March 24, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , P. 17, Technical University of Lisbon (PDF file; 805 kB.) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / pascal.iseg.utl.pt
  4. ^ History and Politics: 2. b. Portuguese contact and historical experience - Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Northern Illinois University
  5. ^ Frédéric Durand: Three centuries of violence and struggle in East Timor (1726-2008). (PDF; 243 kB) Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence, (online), June 7, 2011, accessed on May 28, 2012, ISSN  1961-9898
  6. ↑ Douglas Kammen: Fragments of utopia: Popular yearnings in East Timor , Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 40 (2), pp. 385–408 June 2009, doi : 10.1017 / S0022463409000216 .
  7. ↑ a b c James J. Fox (Ed.): The Flow of Life: Essays on Eastern Indonesia , pp. 253/354.
  8. ↑ RUU Tentang Pembentukan Kabupaten Malaka di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur ( Memento from January 31, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 274 kB)