Man Mohan Adhikari

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Man Mohan Adhikari ( Nepali : मनमोहन अधिकारी , Manmohan Adhikārī ; born June 20, 1920 in Lazimpat ; †  April 26, 1999 in Kathmandu ) was a Nepalese politician and Prime Minister of his country from 1994 to 1995.

youth

Adhikari was born in Lazimpat, a village near the Nepalese capital Kathmandu, and spent his childhood in Biratnagar . In 1938 he went to Varanasi in India to study at Banaras Hindu University .

Political career

Beginnings

In 1942, like many other politicians, he took part in the "Quit India" movement and was therefore arrested with other politicians by the British colonial rulers . Because of his political views he lived in exile for many years , especially in China and India, where he joined the Communist Party of India . He also spent 15 years in captivity, partly in Nepal during the reigns of the Kings Tribhuvan , Mahendra and Birendra , partly with the British. After he co-founded the Communist Party of Nepal in 1949 , he became its general secretary in 1953.

election program

Man Mohan Adhikari set himself the goal of a series of social reforms, above all land reform , increasing political participation for minorities, the emancipation of women, the ban on child labor , a village project to eradicate poverty in the countryside, and a minimum pension .

Reign

In 1994, at the age of 73, Adhikari was elected Prime Minister of Nepal. With his election victory, he pushed his four years younger cousin Girija Prasad Koirala , with whom he had been in exile during the reign of King Birendra, out of office. With its election victory and the removal of its pro-Indian predecessor from voting, India feared that China's influence in the region would be strengthened.

From 1994 to 1995 Adhikari was Prime Minister of Nepal for nine months. He was the chairman of the Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist-Leninists) (CPN-UML) and the only democratically elected Nepalese Prime Minister of that party. During his tenure as head of government, the construction of the Arun III dam was rejected by the then World Bank chief Paul Wolfowitz . This should also be financially supported by Germany , which used the funds released for other projects in Nepal. He also pushed ahead with some reforms, for example the build-your-own-village program. In addition, extensive cooperation with Mongolia began during his reign , which he agreed at a meeting in Ulaanbaatar with the then Mongolian Prime Minister Puntsagiin Jasrai .

His reign ended after the Nepalese Congress Party (NCP) put a vote of no confidence in his minority government . Adhikari then asked King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev to dissolve parliament. This step had to be reversed after a complaint before the Supreme Court of Nepal . Thereupon the king appointed the group leader of the NCP, Sher Bahadur Deuba , as prime minister. He formed a coalition of his own party, the Friendship Party and the National Democratic Party .

Political activity after the reign

Even after his term in office, Adhikari was committed to the emancipation of women.

death

Adhikari died of myocardial infarction on April 26, 1999 at the age of 78 in Kathmandu after being in a coma for seven days in a Kathmandu hospital . Shortly before his death, which overtook him in the election campaign for the election scheduled for May, he was one of the most popular politicians in Nepal and was considered a favorite for the prime ministerial elections. He was given a state funeral - as the second politician after Ganesh Man Singh . Over 200,000 people paid their final respects at his funeral, which took place on the sacred Bagmati River . The flags were hoisted at half mast across the country . After his death, Madhav Kumar Nepal continued the party.

classification

He was considered one of the few democratic integration figures in Nepal.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Lhakpa Sherpani / Karl-Heinz Krämer (nepalresearch.org): Man Mohan Adhikari died (PDF; 565 kB), April 1999
  2. ↑ a b c d BBC : Nepal communist leader dies , April 26, 1999
  3. ↑ Austrian Research Foundation for International Development : Country Profile Nepal ( Memento from September 20, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) (page 8; PDF; 345 kB)
  4. ↑ Hilmar König / young world (AG Peace Research at the University of Kassel): Nepal: May the King stay? Two communist parties fighting over the way out of the crisis , May 2004
  5. ^ Report of the magazine Focus
  6. ^ Minutes of the Bundestag
  7. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica : Man Mohan Adhikari
  8. ↑ Article in the "Kurdistan Rundbrief" 11/18/1996 ( Memento from March 19, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Adhikari, Man Mohan
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Nepalese politician
DATE OF BIRTH June 20, 1920
PLACE OF BIRTH Lazimpat
DATE OF DEATH April 26, 1999
Place of death Kathmandu