Assumption of Mary (Beidl)
The parish church of the Assumption of Mary is the Roman Catholic parish church of the Beidl parish in the municipality of Plößberg in the northern Upper Palatinate . It was built between 1727 and 1738 by the Waldsassen monastery builder Philipp Muttone and is a listed building.
history
The current church was built in the 18th century. Construction of the late baroque church began in 1729; the builder was Abbot Eugen Schmid of the Waldsassen monastery , to which the Beidl parish belonged. The master builder was the monastery brother Philipp Muttone , who built several churches in the region at that time. The farmers of the parish village had to help with the construction and were rewarded for it. The construction was completed in 1732. In 1979/80, shortly before the 250th anniversary of the church, the interior of the parish church was renovated.
Building description
The church is a pilaster church . The nave with barrel vaults and three bays as well as the retracted chancel with two bays are subdivided by flat wall pillars , which are connected to one another by round arches above the windows. On the west side of the church is the sturdy church tower with a double onion dome.
Interior
The altarpiece and the ceiling frescos show scenes from the life of the Virgin Mary . The ceiling paintings were repainted around 1890, but the original themes were retained. The four large paintings in the main aisle show the apostles and disciples of Jesus mourning and mourning the death of the Mother of God, the disciples of Jesus who see the empty tomb and Mary's death in heaven, the coronation of Mary and Mary as queen and patroness of the Church. Other Marian themes are dealt with above the pillars and stitch caps. The four small frescoes in the choir depict the evangelists Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. Above the arch between the chancel and nave are the coats of arms of the Electorate of Bavaria and the builder Abbot Eugen as well as the year 1732.
The free-standing high altar is dominated by the tabernacle , on whose sides two angels kneel. The Emmaus scene is depicted on the front side and on the altar structure behind it you can see the Assumption of the Virgin Mary and her reception by the Trinity . The side altar paintings show Our Lady of Sorrows when she is deposed from the cross (left) and a Pietà (right).
In front of the six pillars there are larger-than-life Baroque stucco figures: In the chancel these are the sculptures of Holy Emperor Heinrich II , who was probably born in the diocese of Regensburg and is the patron of the neighboring diocese of Bamberg, and those of Bishop Wolfgang von Regensburg , diocesan patron of the diocese of Regensburg. In the nave there are figures of St. Notburga von Rattenberg , St. Barbara of Nicomedia , patroness of the miners, St. Isidore of Madrid and Ignatius of Loyola , the founder of the Jesuits . The depiction of Notburga and Isidore is unusual, the two peasant saints appear in the local costume of the 18th century.
Behind the high altar there is a passage to the Leonhardi Chapel. The patron saint of prisoners has also been venerated as a peasant saint since the Middle Ages and is highly valued in the Beidl parish. The chapel is designed in the Rococo style and was built 30 years after the parish church, the carved acanthus altar is particularly beautiful . The wall paintings date from the 19th century.
Bells
On July 12th 1935 four bells (Marienglocke, Leonhardiglocke, Konradglocke and Josefsglocke) were cast for the church. However, they fell victim to WWII in 1942. In 1947, the Hamm bell foundry in Regensburg produced five new bells as replacements for the parish of Beidl . The bell sounds in the tone sequence c sharp '(+) e' f sharp 'g sharp' h '.
Predecessor building from the Gothic
In 1140 a pastor was mentioned in a document from Beidl, making the parish one of the oldest in the Stiftland . However, nothing is known about the associated church. In 1428 the church of Beidl and half of the parish village were burned down by the Hussites . Beidl burned again as early as 1442. The previous church of the current building was Gothic and not the first building with this function, it was rebuilt in the years after 1442. The entrance portal of the old church is said to have been the Gothic arch that now forms the entrance to the southern cemetery. Above the entrance there is a bas-relief with two angels holding a Gothic monstrance . In the extension of the gate axis, a path runs along the southern front of the current building. A few years ago, under this path, the massive foundations of an outer wall were discovered during renovation work. The Gothic building should have stood next to the Baroque building on the site of today's southern cemetery. The demolition probably took place only after the completion of the new building in 1732. The southern cemetery wall and parts of the adjacent cooperator's house (cellar, outer wall) were dated to the late Gothic period through structural analysis. A Gothic fragment is still inside the church in the right rear corner of the nave. It was obviously part of a depiction of the Mount of Olives (Judas with a purse) and fell victim to the Calvinist iconoclasm around 1580.
The oldest building in the entire complex today is the so-called morgue , a former ossuary that was used in the Middle Ages as the Holy Blood Chapel and later as the first Leonhardi Chapel and is located at the eastern end of the northern cemetery. A small apse on the east side and a Romanesque window on the north side indicate that it was built in the Romanesque period.
Dean's office Beidl
In the 14th century, two registers of all parishes and the deaneries above them were created in the diocese of Regensburg . Out of a total of 21 deaneries, only 6 of them were in the Upper Palatinate and the diocese area to the north. The northeast with a maximum of 21 parishes (excluding the Beidler Stein branch) was under the Beidl dean's office. These included the Bavarian Tirschenreuth , Bärnau , Griesbach , Neualbenreuth , the parishes of Arzberg and Selb , which are now in Upper Franconia , the parishes of Eger , Asch , Schönbach and Wildstein in the Czech Republic , and the now Saxon parishes of Markneukirchen , Brambach and Adorf . Whether every pastor of Beidl was also a dean is rather questionable, since, for example, the pastor of Wondreb was named as dean in 1302 . In 1556, the Palatinate Elector Ottheinrich decreed the change of faith to the Lutheran creed , the then pastor of Beidl Wolfgang Behr converted and remained in office. When, in 1583, Elector Ludwig VI. died Calvinism was gradually enforced, the Lutheran pastor Harrer converted and remained in office. When Catholicism was reintroduced, however, the reformed pastor Nikolaus Gengel was deposed in 1625. Then three Beidler pastors known by name appear as deans: Michael Dürner (1627–1630), he was deposed, Johann Baptist Leichamschneider (1719–1730), co-initiator of the new baroque building, and Joseph Greiner (1817–1841), he left the parsonage rebuild and cover the church, which was previously covered with shingles, with roof tiles.
Scope of the parish of Beidl
The following villages and towns are currently part of the Beidl parish:
- Albernhof
- Both
- Beidlmühle
- Geißenreuth
- Haid (2 houses)
- Hemp mill
- Konnersreuth
- Leichau
- Lengenfeld
- Schönficht
- Schonthan
- Streißenreuth
- Worm slope
There were also a large number of towns that disappeared again in the late Middle Ages. The most important were Adelsreuth (near Leichau), Altenschönthan (near Schönthan), Ellprunn (near Albernhof), Ermmersreuth (between Schnackenhof and Bodenreuth), Fletessenreuth (near Schönficht), Kessel (between Beidl and Schönficht), Nötz (at the mouth of the Geisbach) in the Waldnaab ), Plattenberg (opposite Auerberg, perished in the 30 Years War), Poppenreuth (between Leichau and Schönthan), Schnepfenreuth (northeast of Neuhaus ), Uttenreuth (north of the Liebenstein reservoir), Voitsreuth (near Beidl) and Werde (between Schirnbrunn and Schönkirch). The plague was probably responsible for most of the devastation . Some could be proven as ground monuments.
literature
- Pastors Konrad Kaufmann and Harald Fähnrich: Church leaders of the Catholic parish of the Assumption of Mary, Beidl . 2nd Edition. Specialist publisher for church and aerial photography, 2005 (first edition: 1982).
- Adalbert Busl , Harald Fähnrich: Parish Beidl. Historical and cultural overview . Wittmann-Druck Waldsassen, Beidl 1977, OCLC 239099835 , p. 195 ff .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments: Plößberg Monument List (PDF; 139 kB).
- ↑ Onetz: Fourth generation bells. Retrieved May 8, 2019 .
Coordinates: 49 ° 48 ′ 21.5 ″ N , 12 ° 15 ′ 49.1 ″ E