Market Church St. Dionys (Eschwege)
The market church of St. Dionys , also known as the Old Town Church , is the parish church of the Protestant parish Eschwege-Altstadt in Eschwege in the Werra-Meißner district of Hesse . It is dedicated to St. Dionysius , the first bishop of Paris to be martyred in the 3rd century . The market church is the oldest church building in the city and was built in the 15th century on the site of several previous buildings in the Gothic style.
history
One of the first church buildings probably goes back to a canonical foundation that Sophia , daughter of Emperor Otto II and later abbess of Gandersheim and Essen , founded in Eschwege at the end of the 10th century. A sculpture in front of the church commemorates her mother Theophanu , who received the royal estate of Eschwege as a morning gift . Further church buildings followed in the first and second half of the 12th century. At the end of the 13th century a larger church was built, of which the lower floors of the west tower and a round arch under the gallery have been preserved.
According to an inscription on the south wall of the choir , the foundation stone for the choir of today's market church was laid in 1441. An inscription on the south portal names 1466 as the date when the foundation stone was laid for the nave . With the completion of the net and star vaults in 1521, this church building was completed.
In 1526, Landgrave Philipp introduced the Reformation in Hesse and St. Dionys became a Protestant parish church. In the 17th century, when Eschwege was the seat of the Landgraves of Hesse for a short time , a crypt was built under the choir , in which Landgrave Friedrich and his family are buried. During the Thirty Years War it was pillaged by the imperial troops, whereby a large part of the city was burned down and the market church was also damaged. The old church windows were destroyed in the process. In 1650 the church received its high gable roof . Since the tower had burned too, a new hood was put on in 1656 . In 1657 the side galleries were built. The pulpit , west gallery and organ followed at the end of the 17th century .
architecture
The four-bay nave is a stepped hall with three naves . A slightly tapered triumphal arch leads to the one-bay choir with a five- eighth end, raised by two steps . The nave is divided by cantoned pillars , the services of which are decorated with capitals . Only one of the vault keystones has survived above the south gallery with the depiction of St. George . On the south wall you can see two wall brackets with figures of angels holding shields with the tools of Christ's passion .
The gallery built in the 19th century under the choir windows is unusual.
Leaded glass window
The two- and three-part tracery windows in the choir have lead glazing , which was carried out between 1894 and 1901 by the glass painting company KJ Schultz in Marburg . The two middle windows show the crucifixion and resurrection of Christ. On the left choir window Jesus is shown blessing the children. The right window is about the baptism of St. Lydia by the Apostle Paul . The so-called Reformers' Window is dedicated to Martin Luther and Philipp Melanchthon , in the middle of which the Hessian Landgrave Philipp I is represented.
Gallery pictures
On the gallery parapet under the organ there are depictions of women making music, which were attached in 1684. The middle scenes depict a female figure with an piano roll, a woman with a lyre , a woman with a recorder and another woman with a lute . The side pictures show a woman with a hunting horn and a woman with a psalterion on the right and a woman with a bass viol and a woman with a violin on the left . It is noticeable that all women are shown barefoot.
pulpit
The pulpit from the second half of the 17th century is richly decorated.
organ
The richly decorated organ prospectus was created in the cartilage style in 1677/79 by the organ builder Jost Friedrich Schäffer . The representations of animals and heads are hidden in the ornaments. A rooster, a stag and, entwined in flowers and foliage, the year 1678 can be recognized. The male heads are interpreted as the Green Man , a symbol for nature already in use in medieval churches. The organ was built in 1966 by the organ builder Hammer. The instrument has 30 registers on three manuals and a pedal .
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Epitaphs
- Epitaph for Konrad Brill, son of Reinhard and Elisabeth Brill
- Epitaph for Reinhard and Elisabeth Brill, from 1727
literature
- Georg Dehio (edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others): Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler. Hessen I. Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , pp. 217-219
- Church council of the old town parish in Eschwege: Market Church St. Dionys in Eschwege. Verlag Evangelischer Medienverband, Kassel approx. 1999, ISBN 3-98477-958-6 .
Web links
- Market Church St. Dionys Evangelical Church Congregation ESW-Stadtkirchengemeinde
Individual evidence
- ↑ Karl Fritz Saalfeld: The royal crypt in Eschwege Market Church ( Memento of 6 February 2013 Web archive archive.today ) In: Eschweger Geschichtsblätter. Volume 4, 1993, pp. 34-40.
- ↑ Götz J. Pfeiffer: "linked to the last offshoots of the old tradition". The Marburg glass painting workshop KJ Schultz since 1850 . In: Hessian homeland . 68th volume, issue 1, p. 10-16 .
- ↑ Information on the organ
Coordinates: 51 ° 11 ′ 14.7 " N , 10 ° 3 ′ 35.1" E