Maudach
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| coat of arms | map | ||
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| Area : | 6.298 km² | ||
| Residents : | 6511 | ||
| Population density : | 1034 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Postal code : | 67065/67067 | ||
Maudach is a district and at the same time one of the ten districts of the city of Ludwigshafen am Rhein .
location
Maudach is located west of the city center and borders the Maudacher Bruch , which, with an area of 360 hectares, is the largest local recreation area in Ludwigshafen and which was formed from a former loop of the Rhine that is now silted up.
Within Ludwigshafen, Maudach borders the districts of Rheingönheim , Gartenstadt and Oggersheim . The municipality of Mutterstadt joins the city limits in the west .
Surname
According to the documents of the Lorsch Codex , Maudach was called three times Mudach , twice Mutach , once Muthach , once Mutaha , twice Mutah , once Mudahen and once Mudacheim . There are currently two approaches to deriving the name. The older attempted explanation interprets the first part of the name as mud or mut (it is related to moder ), which means something like "mud" or "swamp". The second part ach or aha has the same roots as the Latin word “aqua”, meaning “water”. A more recent approach derives the name from muta - customs, toll - which was levied here on the old Roman road between two old tribal areas and later medieval districts.
Maudach is thus “a place on the muddy water” or “a toll station”. The newer approach is currently favored.
Way in the Maudacher Bruch
Alfred Delp Elementary School
Citizens' Hall
history
Archaeological finds
Archaeological finds from the Iron and Bronze Ages indicate an old settlement area. The Franks and Romans already settled here. According to the "Announcements of the Historical Association of the Palatinate" , the "Palatinate Museum" and daily newspapers, the following finds from Maudach came to the Speyer Museum:
- 1875 a Roman gold coin of the emperor Justinianus Secundus, found on the "Hohen Weg"
- 1876/77 a lance tip and two clay vessels from the Franconian era
- 1887 two Roman jugs, a terra sigillata shard with the stamp Regenus, a Roman fibula and seventeen coins from the later imperial era
- Near the field chapel at the beginning of 1899 a plate grave at a depth of 75 cm (It was 2 m long, 60 cm wide, formed by eight plates. The feet faced east, the head was bedded on a sloping stone.)
- 1905 Roman pottery finds
- In 1906 near the field chapel a necklace with yellow and blue clay pearls, a "brooch", a long, double-edged sword, two single-edged short swords and horseshoes from the Frankish era
- 1909 a stamped amphora handle
- 1936 Remains of iron weapons and a shield boss with bronze buttons
In addition, a two-tone painted jug was found at Maudach, the so-called Maudacher face jug .
Mentions in the Lorsch Codex
In the Lorsch Codex, in which numerous donations to the monastery are documented, Maudach was first mentioned in 770 as "Mudahen". Between 770 and 851 the place is recorded a total of 13 times in the Codex and is also called, for example, "Mutah", "Mudach" or "Mutaha".
Maudach in the 13th century
In the 13th century, the robber baron Heinrich von Ruprechtsberg owned a castle near Maudach, from which he harassed merchants. A group of citizens of Worms destroyed this castle in order to free the trade route to the south and had to answer to their bishop for this act. This brought about a settlement and charged them with damages of 80 marks. The location of this castle is now forgotten. Only the field names "Burgweg" and "old Burgweg" could be an indication of where the castle stood. "Maudacher Weg", "Burgweg" ( map ) and the parallel "Römerweg" are also street names in the neighboring Limburgerhof. The extension of the Römerweg forms to the north as z. Partly interrupted dirt road along the western Maudacher local border the shortest connection between Speyer and Oggersheim by bypassing the marshland "Maudacher Bruch" and was therefore probably the preferred trade route.
Under the Lords of Hirschhorn
From 1353 to 1632 Maudach was subordinate to the Lords of Hirschhorn . These had received most of their possessions in the Palatinate from the Prince-Bishops of Speyer as fiefdoms . It was the rule of Lindenberg with castle and village of Lindenberg (near Lambrecht ), the villages of Königsbach , Maudach, Rheingönheim (among others).
Consequences of the Thirty Years War
A report to the Monastery of Speyer from 1641 (during the Thirty Years' War ) notes that "the six rich estates of the Monastery of Maudach cannot bear anything because everything is desolate and nobody lives in it" .
Four years after the Peace of Westphalia , in 1652, it is reported that the Maudach estates were all overgrown with hedges, that everything was still desolate and rotten and that it was not being built because there were no people.
The population of Maudach was almost completely renewed after the Thirty Years' War through immigration. After the war, only four of the names appear again that were previously in the town.
chronology
Maudach is first mentioned in 770 in the Lorsch Codex as Mudahen in Speyergau. At that time, the place was a Salier household , which then passed into the hands of the Speyer Monastery. In the 13th century, the Speyer bishop gave the Lords of Frankenberg Maudach as a fief. In the 14th century it came to the Lords of Erbach as a fief . From this point on, the data will be more accurate.
- 1353 Maudach is sold to Engelhard von Hirschhorn.
- 1632 With the extinction of the Lords of Hirschhorn, Maudach falls back to the Speyer Monastery.
- 1618–1648 During the Thirty Years' War, all Maudach residents became serfs in the Electoral Palatinate - serfdom was revoked in 1783.
- 1709 Maudach comes under the rule of the Elector Palatinate.
- 1796 On June 15, during the battle of the Rheinschanze in front of Mannheim , 11,000 Austrians under Franz Freiherr von Petrasch and 50,000 French soldiers face each other at the so-called meeting near Maudach .
- 1798–1814 Maudach comes under French rule as a result of the Napoleonic Wars .
- 1814 Maudach is incorporated into the Bavarian Rhine Palatinate .
- 1818 The village of Maudach regains the status of an independent municipality.
- 1890 October 15th Opening of the local railway from Ludwigshafen via Mundenheim, Maudach and Mutterstadt to Dannstadt.
- 1938 On April 1st, Maudach, which at that time had about 2800 inhabitants, is incorporated into the city of Ludwigshafen.
- 1945 Destruction of the Maudach Castle in the Second World War (burned out except for the surrounding walls).
- 1950 to 1952, modified reconstruction of the castle.
- 1955 Last run of the local railway from Dannstadt to Ludwigshafen.
- 1956 Beginning of the reforestation of the Maudacher Bruch.
- 1960 Start of public sewage supply.
- 1978 The Maudacher Bruch is declared a landscape protection area. Inauguration of the Bruchfesthalle. South expansion of Maudach
- 1980 The former rubble dump is named "Michaelsberg" after being reforested.
- 1984 Planning of the south bypass road.
- 1988 Inauguration of the bypass road.
- 1999 redesign of the town center.
- 2003 Inauguration of the peat cutter well in the town center.
- 2008 redesign of the entrance to the town.
- 2013 Uncovering of the castle's south facade and start of the redesign of the castle grounds.
politics
District
The political body for the local district is the Maudach local council and the local mayor . The local council has seven members. He can be heard on all important questions relating to the local district.
mayor
- 1818–1833 Peter Grüner
- 1833–1848 Johann Grüner
- 1848–1849 Michael Amberger
- 1849–1859 Anton Grüner
- 1859–1863 Johann Grüner
- 1863–1872 Johann Adam Anton Ginkel
- 1872–1885 Georg Kummermehr
- 1885–1899 Johann Kummermehr
- 1945–1951 Johannes Essig
- 1952–1955 Alois Hildenbrand
Mayor
- 1956–1957 Alois Hildenbrand
- 1957–1974 Kurt Kern (SPD)
- 1974–1989 Julius Hetterich (CDU)
- 1989–1991 Günther Ramsauer (SPD)
- 1991–2009 Helga Kehl (SPD)
- since 2009 Rita Augustin-Funck (CDU)
The mayor Rita Augustin-Funck was last confirmed in the local elections on May 26, 2019 with a share of the vote of 62.6%.
Election results in the local elections
| CDU | SPD | FDP | Rep | Green | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1994 | 39.5% | 42.4% | 2.3% | 3.7% | 7.5% |
| 1999 | 48.1% | 44.7% | 2.2% | 6.7% | 4.9% |
| 2004 | 51.5% | 38.8% | 2.9% | 4.2% | |
| 2009 | 46.4% | 45.3% | 4.1% | ||
| 2014 | 45.2% | 43.8% | 10.9% | ||
| 2019 | 47.4% | 34.1% | 18.4% |
For the composition of the local council, see also the results of the local elections in Ludwigshafen am Rhein .
Church conditions
Center with the tower of the Protestant St. Martin's Church
catholic parish church of St. Michael
Field chapel at the corner of Birkenstrasse and Hindenburgstrasse.
The Reformation took place at the time when the Junkers von Hirschhorn held Maudach as a fief. These became Lutheran around 1550 and forced their subjects to become Lutheran as well. During the Thirty Years War, Spanish troops occupied the region until 1632 and the inhabitants of Maudach had to convert to Catholicism. After Maudach fell back to the Prince-Bishop of Speyer in 1632, many Maudachers remained Catholic. Since the Electors of the Palatinate exercised sovereignty, there were also Protestants in the village.
After the Lutheran Lords von Hirschhorn died out in 1632, Maudach fell back to the Prince-Bishop of Speyer and was immediately subjected to the Prince-Bishop's basic sovereignty. It was not until 1709 that Maudach came to the Palatinate Elector through an exchange contract. In this exchange agreement it was stipulated that the Exercitium Religionis Catholicae in Maudach should be retained. The few Lutherans in Maudach initially made no complaints and so the Catholic priest carried out the baptisms, weddings and burials of the Lutherans as well.
In 1724 the Maudacher Lutherans attempted to request baptism from the Lutheran pastor of Rheingönheim ; so the public religious retreat was required. They submitted a petition, which was rejected and they remained calm again.
But over the years, people got so heated that on the third day of Pentecost in 1763 at around 8 o'clock in the evening there was a big fight between Protestants and Catholics near the church. A Lutheran soldier who was at home on vacation attacked the enemy with a side gun. Immediately the bell rang until the whole village came together. Pitchforks, flails, sticks and clubs were used. The Protestants in Rheingönheim and Mutterstadt were called to help. Even women were drawn into the brawl and injured. The mayor tried to appease the fighting and had some put in the detention center. He writes to the Oberschultheissen in Oggersheim:
- “If I hadn't been there, there would have been murder and manslaughter. I cannot write everything to you. You must come up at once and investigate if it is extremely possible. "
Early post office
When the widowed King Maximilian I had his son Philip the Beautiful raised in the Burgundian Netherlands , in 1490 he set up a postal route to the Netherlands through members of the Italian taxi family , which also touched Maudach when coming from Innsbruck . The Maudach post office has been documented since Giovanni da L'Herba's post travel book from 1563. It was the task of the post holder, the sealed valise forward and ask for the postal couriers horses and premises. The post office holders received compensation from taxis and were exempt from forced labor and billeting. During the Thirty Years' War and afterwards, however, there were complaints from the Maudach post office keepers that they had been used unjustifiably for serf work and billeting on several occasions.
Introduction of fire insurance
In 1785 the mayors and municipal councilors of the eleven towns of the Oggersheim high school council met with the high school councilor of Maubuißon the Younger and the Electoral Palatinate secret government and court chamber councilor from Maubuißon the elder and set up the first fire box in the whole region. In the spring of the same year, a major fire broke out in Rheingönheim. "Without the aid of fire engines, the whole village of Rheingönheim would have burned down completely." Then "the subjects expressed a desire to secure themselves for the future through solid measures against such cases."
The conditions set by the congregation were as follows:
- The locations grant each other mutual security against damage caused by fire up to a total of 4,000 guilders. Anyone who caused the fire themselves has nothing to hope for.
- A community with 100 families must have a fire engine, and a community with 200 families must have two.
- The injured party has to bear a third of the damage himself.
- The mayor and court of every place estimate the damage, which is officially checked.
- The two thirds to be paid to the injured party are paid to one third from the municipalities and the other third from the bag of the subjects according to the tax flow.
- Places that do not belong to the Oberschultheißerei Oggersheim can also join.
Viticulture
The fact that there was viticulture in Maudach can be seen from a letter from the Neustadt District Office from 1683. It says that the Maudach pastor was entitled to a third of the wine tithing as part of his parish salary. But when all the wings in the Maudach district were converted to fields before 1683, the pastor lost a considerable part of his income.
Some road or street names reveal where the vineyards were, such as B. the field name "Am Winweg" , which appeared in the years 1289 and 1363 . The tubs through which this path led were the "Lüßgewann", the "Lange Winkel" and the "Kurz Winkel". The “Old Wine Route” also reveals the route along which the wine was transported.
Maudacher Castle
Maudacher Castle
with the coat of arms of the Sturmfeder family
back
The year of construction of the Maudacher Castle can no longer be determined. But it will have been around the year 1770; because the castle shows early classical forms, an architectural style that became predominant in the Electoral Palatinate around 1770 after the late baroque.
Secret advice of Maubuisson
After a feudal letter dated November 9, 1779, the electoral Palatinate secret government and real court chamber councilor, customs, road, inheritance, shipping and camera commissioner Karl Ludwig von Maubuißon received the Maudacher hereditary bond with buildings.
Baroness von Seldeneck
The widow Maria Anna von Maubuißon tried to sell the Maudacher property. Because the estate was a feudal estate, the sovereign had to give his consent; the surviving married daughters with their husbands, the adult son and the guardian of the still underage children had to give their consent. The buyer was Baroness Wilhelmine Christine von Seldeneck, "widow of the most blessed Mr. Margrave Wilhelm von Baden". The Lehnskammer in Mannheim wrote on February 23, 1791 that the purchase and sale of the inheritance in Maudach for the sum of 36,000 guilders was approved. Today this sum is worth around 500,000 euros.
Baron Otto von Gemmingen
Widow Baroness von Seldeneck did not keep the Maudacher estate for long. In 1792 she wrote to the Elector from Karlsruhe:
- "Ew. Elector Your nobles have graciously deigned to graciously approve the purchase contract concluded with Frau von Maubuisson for the estate at Maudach which is to be inherited from them, to my unforgettable and reverent devotion to gratitude. Just as I have since been hampered by my own processing of my possessions in the lordly Baden region of the Maudach possessions, and so this property is no longer beneficial for me, I have decided to buy it from Baron Otto Heinrich von Gemmingen zu Hornberg Good to leave and on May 11th of last year a purchase and sale contract that has only flourished to its full perfection through the addendum closed under today's date, subject to the legal and consent, concluded, which I together with the addendum Ew. Elector Your Serene Highness herewith humbly submit the grace and ask for its most gracious confirmation. "
The request was granted. The purchase price was 36,000 guilders. Baron Otto Heinrich von Gemmingen-Hornberg lived in the castle and built the estate himself.
The baron family von Sturmfeder
The fourth and most famous owner, the baronial von Sturmfeder family, increased the property considerably. The family left their family crest on the gable wall, which is why the castle is also called "Sturmfeder-Schlösschen".
After a checkered history, the community then acquired the castle from Count Max von Waldkirch in 1840 and used it as a town hall and school, and at times also as a kindergarten. Today the local administration is located in the castle and the jewel is the "blue hall" on the second floor, where weddings are now also possible.
Sericulture
Elector Karl Theodor founded the Electoral Palatinate Silk Building Society in 1770. Mulberry trees, the leaves of which serve as food for the silkworms, should be planted everywhere in the warm Rhine plain . However, the population could not get excited about it, on the one hand because the silkworm breeding took up a lot of time, on the other hand because it was a luxury item that did not benefit them.
Under French rule
The German area on the left bank of the Rhine was French from 1798 to the beginning of 1814. Maudach belonged to the Donnersberg department . A new legal code was introduced, the Code Napoléon , which was valid in the Palatinate until 1900. Belonging to France also brought changes in ownership on a large scale. The state declared spiritual and manorial goods to be national property and had them auctioned.
Floods
Many millennia ago the Rhine dug a wide hollow in the Maudach district. The hollow that the Rhine had originally dug near Maudach was so deep that it was filled with pressurized water as soon as the Rhine went up. The last floods were in December 1882 and January 1883.
Commons
Common land is understood to mean that land belonging to the municipality that is left piece by piece to the local citizens for lifelong usufruct. Only local residents received the commons.
Cholera epidemic in 1867
In 1867 cholera came to Maudach. It was worst in September. One person died on September 2, another on September 3, two on September 4, four on September 6, four on September 8, one on September 9, two on September 10 and on September 11 four, three on September 13th, one on September 14th, two on September 15th, one every day from September 16th to 19th, one on September 23rd and one person a day from September 25th to 28th.
A total of 53 people died in the five months from August to December. Since immediately before and after 1867 the death rate was only 30 to 40 annually, the victims of cholera can be estimated at around 40. The people in the area avoided Maudach. When the people of the mother town went to Ludwigshafen, they instead made the long detour via Rheingönheim. The presence of young people from Maudach at a dance music in Maxdorf terrified everything there even after the epidemic had ended.
Rail and Post
After large-scale industry emerged in Ludwigshafen and Mannheim, day laborers became factory workers. Bicycles didn't exist yet, the long way always had to be covered on foot. So it was a huge step forward when the Palatinate Railways built the narrow-gauge local railway Ludwigshafen-Dannstadt . The farmers also had an advantage: they could bring their goods to the markets in Ludwigshafen and Mannheim more easily. Those who had to do with offices also benefited from the railway.
The railway administration had already decided to build the line in 1885. In 1888 the state government took over the interest guarantee for the shareholders, in the autumn of 1889 construction could begin after solving difficulties in the purchase of land. The "fiery Elias" started operations in 1890, which then lasted until 1955. The place where the station was then is still called “Maudach Station” today.
The Maudacher Post was provided from Oggersheim in the 19th century. In 1858 and the following years, Mutterstadt took care of the Maudacher Post.
Culture and sights
The cultural offerings in the district are organized by the Maudach cultural promotion group, founded in 1991, with events in music, literature and the visual arts. Chairwoman and co-founder is the former solo cellist of the State Philharmonic of Rhineland-Palatinate , Roselore Poigné-Blendinger.
The Carneval Club Mondglotzer was founded in 1969, the year of the first moon landing :
- “ Everyone was“ staring ”at the moon when Neil Armstrong became the first person in the world to step on the moon. "
The Maudacher Kerwe takes place every year on the second weekend in October. The highlight here is the large marquee of the Catholic youth in Maudach and the kerwee parade of the Maudacher Associations working group on Saturdays.
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Jakob Scheller (1864–1931), senior teacher, composer and conductor
literature
- City archive of the city of Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Stefan Mörz , Klaus Jürgen Becker (eds.): History of the city of Ludwigshafen am Rhein: Vol. 1. From the beginnings to the end of the First World War . Ludwigshafen am Rhein 2003, ISBN 3-924667-35-7 .
Web links
- Literature about Maudach in the Rhineland-Palatinate State Bibliography
Individual evidence
- ^ City of Ludwigshafen am Rhein: District pass Maudach 2019. Accessed on October 26, 2019 .
- ^ Stadtverwaltung Ludwigshafen am Rhein (ed.): On the land and in the city, A story of the village of Maudach . Llux Agentur & Verlag, Ludwigshafen am Rhein 2019, ISBN 978-3-924667-50-4 , p. 21 .
- ^ Stadtverwaltung Ludwigshafen am Rhein (ed.): On the land and in the city, A story of the village of Maudach . Llux Agentur & Verlag, Ludwigshafen am Rhein 2019, ISBN 978-3-924667-50-4 , p. 22 .
- ↑ Minst, Karl Josef [trans.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 4), Certificate 2053 July 5, 770 - Reg. 525. In: Heidelberger historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 27 , accessed on January 20, 2016 .
- ^ Archivum Laureshamense - digital, Ludwigshafen-Maudach. Heidelberg University Library, accessed on January 20, 2016 .
- ↑ Bodart, Gaston: Military-historical war lexicon (1618-1905). Retrieved January 8, 2020 .
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 515 .
- ↑ a b c Entry on Maudacher Castle in the private database "Alle Burgen". Retrieved August 23, 2019.
- ↑ Die Rheinpfalz of May 6, 2016. Accessed on August 23, 2019 .
- ^ City of Ludwigshafen am Rhein: Main statute for the city of Ludwigshafen am Rhein. § 2, main statute of July 22nd, 1974, last amended by statute of May 15th, 2019. Retrieved October 10, 2019 .
- ^ The Regional Returning Officer RLP: direct elections 2019. Ludwigshafen, see eighth row of results. Retrieved October 10, 2019 .
- ↑ Ernst-Otto Simon: The postal course from Rheinhausen to Brussels over the centuries , in: Archive for German Postal History 1/1990, p. 17 and p. 23–24.
- ^ Stadtverwaltung Ludwigshafen am Rhein (ed.): On the land and in the city, A story of the village of Maudach . Llux Agentur & Verlag, Ludwigshafen am Rhein 2019, ISBN 978-3-924667-50-4 , p. 235 .
- ^ Die Rheinpfalz, Issue 159 of July 12, 2011.
Friesenheim (Froschlache) | Garden city (Hochfeld, Niederfeld, Ernst-Reuter-Siedlung) | Maudach | Mundenheim | Northern city center (North, Hemshof , West ) | Oggersheim (Melm, Notwende ) | Oppau ( Edigheim , Pfingstweide ) | Rheingönheim | Ruchheim | Southern city center (center, south)
Coordinates: 49 ° 27 ′ 15 ″ N , 8 ° 22 ′ 46 ″ E