Nectandra

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Nectandra
Nectandra angustifolia

Nectandra angustifolia

Systematics
Subdivision : Seed plants (Spermatophytina)
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Magnoliids
Order : Laurels (Laurales)
Family : Laurel family (Lauraceae)
Genre : Nectandra
Scientific name
Nectandra
Rol. ex Rottb.

Nectandra is a genus of plants withinthe laurel family (Lauraceae). The approximately 117 species arewidespreadin the Neotropic .

description

Bark of Nectandra cissiflora
Branch with simple leaves of Nectandra cissiflora
Illustration from Flore médicale des Antilles, ou, Traité des plantes usuelles , plate 213 by Nectandra pichurim
Illustration by Nectandra Pichurim
Flowers in detail of Nectandra coriacea
Stone cores of Nectandra puberula

Appearance and leaves

Nectandra species are evergreen shrubs or trees . The dark reddish-brown, brown or gray bark has small, wart-like lenticels .

The usually alternate, rarely almost opposite continuously arranged on the branches leaves are usually divided into petiole and leaf blade. The simple, parchment-like or leathery leaf blades are pinnate. The leaf surfaces are hairy differently. There are no domatias .

Inflorescences, flowers and fruits

In lateral and / or almost terminal, mostly paniculate inflorescences , many flowers are usually grouped together. There are flower stalks.

The hermaphrodite flowers are threefold with a double flower envelope . The bracts of both circles are the same or those of the outer circle are larger. The bracts can be fused. The fleshy bracts are bent back or spread out during anthesis and then usually fall off. Basically there are three circles with three stamens each. The stamens of the two outer circles are fleshy, papillary and often corolla-like. those of the inner circle are square or too small, staminodes are reduced or may even be absent. The anthers are seated or there are stamens . The mostly bald ovary is ovoid or almost spherical, rarely ellipsoid. The mostly short stylus ends with a conspicuous, almost head-shaped or disc-shaped, rarely triangular or triangular-shield-shaped scar .

The enlarged fruit stalk merges into a more or less high fruit cup , which has a smooth edge or is sometimes lobed by remnants of the bracts. The stone fruit sits on the fruit cup. The mostly ellipsoidal or almost spherical, sometimes elongated or obovate stone fruits are blue to black when ripe.

Systematics and distribution

Nectandra lineata

The genus Nectandra was established in 1778 by Daniel Rolander in Christen Friis Rottbøll : Acta Literaria Universitatis Hafniensis , 1, p. 279. Type species is Nectandra sanguinea Rol. ex Rottb. . The name Nectandra Rol. ex Rottb. nom. cons. was preserved according to the rules of the ICBN (Vienna ICBN Art. 14.10 & App. III) compared to the previously published homonym (Vienna ICBN Art. 53) Nectandra P.J.Bergius nom. rej., which was published in Peter Jonas Bergius : Descriptiones Plantarum ex Capite Bonae Spei, ... , 1767, p. 131. The generic name Nectandra is derived from the Latin word nectar from the Greek nektar for nectar and from the Greek word andro for male.

The approximately 175 Nectandra species are widespread in the Neotropic . In South America there are around 125 species, from Florida to Mexico to Central America there are around 34 species and the Caribbean islands are home to around 15 species. There are around 18 species in Panama. 30 species occur in Ecuador, for example. There is only one species native to Florida.

At Rohwer 1993 there are about 114 to Rohwer 2012 about 117 or Flora of Panama 2012 about 175 species in the genus Nectandra (selection):

use

Some species make good wood for local joinery and construction timber.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Jens G. Rohwer: Nectandra ovatocaudata, a New Species of Lauraceae from Cajamarca, Peru. In: Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature , Volume 22, Issue 2, 2012, pp. 220–222: doi : 10.3417 / 2011099
  2. ↑ a b c d e Henk van der Werff: Lauraceae. : Nectandra - the same text online as the printed work , In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico , Volume 3 - Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 1997, ISBN 0 -19-511246-6 .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Caroline K. Allen, 2012: Nectandra at Tropicos.org. In: Flora of Panama (WFO) . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 13, 2014.
  4. ↑ Type material from Nectandra sanguinea Herbarium evidence deposited in the US National Herbarium.
  5. ↑ Pedro Luís Rodrigues De Moraes, James Dobreff, Lars Gunnar Reinhammar & Olof Ryding: Current Taxonomic Status of Daniel Rolander's Species Published by Rottbøll in 1776. In: Harvard Papers in Botany , Volume 15, Issue 1, 2010, pp. 179-188 : Full text PDF.
  6. ^ Nectandra at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 13, 2014.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g Nectandra in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  8. ↑ MM Grandtner & Julien Chevrette: South America: Nomenclature, Taxonomy and Ecology . In: Dictionary of Trees . Volume 2. Academic Press, 2013, ISBN 978-0-12-396490-8 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).

Web links

Commons : Nectandra  - collection of images, videos and audio files