nostalgia, ULTRA.

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nostalgia, ULTRA.
Mixtape by Frank Ocean

Publication
(s)

February 16, 2011

admission

2010 to 2011

Label (s) Self-publication

Format (s)

Download, CD

Genre (s)

Contemporary R&B

Title (number)

14th

running time

35:13 min.

production

Coldplay , Tricky Stewart , Happy Perez , Radiohead , T-Wiz , Mr Hudson , Midi Mafia , Bei Maejor , James Fauntleroy II , Andrew VanWyngarden , Benjamin Goldwasser

chronology
- nostalgia, ULTRA. channel ORANGE
(2012)
Single releases
May 31, 2011 Novacane
June 16, 2011 Swim good

nostalgia, ULTRA. is the debut release of American contemporary R&B musician Frank Ocean . The work is available as a free download and as a CD. It is mainly assigned to the genre Contemporary R&B. Although Ocean already had a record deal at the time of release, the mixtape was released in February 2011 as a self-release and without the influence of Def Jam Recordings .

After the mixtape became a great success on the internet, two songs were released as singles in May and June 2011: Novacane and Swim Good . While the latter did not get a chart placement, Ocean's debut single rose to 82nd on the Billboard Hot 100 .

Critics rated the mixtape as one of the best music releases of the year. As a result, it landed on numerous leaderboards and was nominated for a BET Hip Hop Award .

Background and recording

Frank Ocean was born in Long Beach , California , and moved to New Orleans when he was about five and a half years old . At a very young age he developed an interest in music and financed his first studio recordings through various activities in the neighborhood. In August 2005, Hurricane Katrina hit his hometown and the recording studio where he worked on his music was robbed. In addition, the University of New Orleans , where he wanted to start studying at the time, was destroyed by the flood water , so he traveled to Los Angeles in March 2006 . He originally planned to stay in town for just six weeks to record a few songs in a friend's recording studio that he had already composed in New Orleans. Against this intention, he did not return to his hometown, but soon began a career as a songwriter for other artists such as John Legend , Brandy and Justin Bieber . Through this activity he met Christopher "Tricky" Stewart , who gave him a record deal with Def Jam Recordings , which was signed at the end of 2009 and was valid from the following January. Since the end of 2009, Ocean has also been a member of the hip-hop group Odd Future Wolf Gang Kill Them All , or Odd Future for short .

Writing the pieces of music for nostalgia, ULTRA. covered the period from March to May 2010. The recording of the composed songs initially proved to be difficult, since Ocean received no support from his record company. So he recorded the songs without the help of Def Jam Recordings . The passivity of the company meant that the mixtape was published in -house .

Title and illustration

Choosing a suitable title for the mixtape didn't require much thought. The title was fixed shortly before the end of the mastering . Ocean found the sound of the mixtape as nostalgic in the sense of a longing for the past, which is why he chose nostalgia (German: nostalgia ) as the first part of the title. With the addition Ultra (German: radical or excessive ) Ocean wanted to emphasize the modernity of the album. The only discussion arose over the question of whether to put a slash or a comma between the two words , with Ocean choosing the comma.

As is not uncommon for download releases, there is also a cover for the mixtape. This shows an orange-colored BMW M3 E30 , which was produced between 1986 and 1991. The car, which is in a forest, was described by Ocean as his dream car. He went on to say that he has been interested in cars since childhood.

Publication and distribution

There is some speculation about the exact release date of the mixtape. While Ocean stated February 16, 2011 as the exact date in an interview from July 2012, the general public consistently assumes February 18 as the date of publication. One reason for the prevailing confusion is difficult to determine, but Ocean also said in the said interview that the download figures only increased dramatically two days after the publication. The wrong date may therefore result from the slow spread on the Internet.

Mixtapes are usually distributed as free downloads from the Internet, but commercial releases may also be considered depending on the artist. Well-known musicians who already have a solid target and buyer group as well as a record deal also produce CDs in exceptional cases and then offer them for sale. However, since Ocean was at the time of nostalgia, ULTRA. was largely unknown and he also released his music without the help of a record company, there are only very few CD versions of the mixtape, as the production costs could be kept low by publishing it on the Internet.

There is a parental advisory sticker on the front cover of the mixtape . This identifies sound carriers from the USA where offensive texts are to be expected and which are therefore considered unsuitable for underage consumers.

Track list

# title production length
1. Street fighter 0:22
2. Strawberry Swing Coldplay 3:55
3. Novacane Tricky Stewart 5:03
4th We all try Happy Perez 2:52
5. Bitches Talkin '(Metal Gear Solid) Radiohead 0:22
6th Songs 4 Women Happy Perez 4:13
7th LoveCrimes T-Wiz 4:00
8th. Goldeneye 0:18
9. There Will Be Tears Mr. Hudson & T-Wiz 3:15
10. Swim good Midi mafia 4:17
11. Dust At Maejor & T-Wiz 2:31
12. American wedding James Fauntleroy II 7:01
13. Soul Calibur 0:18
14th Nature Feels Andrew VanWyngarden & Benjamin Goldwasser 3:43
Samples
  • Strawberry Swing contains a sample of the Coldplay song of the same name
  • Bitches Talkin '(Metal Gear Solid) contains a sample of the song Optimistic of Radio Head
  • LoveCrimes contains excerpts from a dialogue from the film Eyes Wide Shut
  • There Will Be Tears contains a sample of the song of the same name by the musician Mr Hudson
  • American Wedding includes a sample of the Eagles' song Hotel California
  • Nature Feels contains a sample of the song Electric Feel by MGMT

content

The album begins with the song Strawberry Swing , which contains a sample of the song of the same name by the British rock band Coldplay . The title has been described as extremely atmospheric and engaging and ends abruptly with the sound of an alarm clock. This is followed by the song Novacane , which was later released as a single , a love song that has an oppressive effect and in which Ocean acts as an unreliable narrator . The lyrics tell the story of a pair of lovers whose relationship is based on drugs.

The actual song sequence is repeatedly interrupted by various interludes , all of which are named after video games : Street Fighter , Metal Gear Solid , GoldenEye 007 and Soul Calibur . These give the mixtape its nostalgic mood and act as a link between the individual pieces of music.

Furthermore, We All Try is a song in which Ocean expresses itself for the first time on political debates. On the one hand, he deals with homosexuality in the United States . In the words I believe that marriage isn't between a man and woman but between love and love. He supports same-sex marriage, which is only allowed by law in a few states in the USA. On the other hand, he also shares his opinion on the pro-choice movement, which advocates the right of women to freely and legally decide to have an abortion . The verse I believe a woman's temple, gives her the right to choose / But baby don't abort. It is clear that he supports this right, but is rather negative about an abortion.

[[File: | 170px]]
Drake Bluesfest.jpg


Both director Stanley Kubrick and hip-hop musician Drake find ULTRA on nostalgia. mention

After the political We All Try , Songs 4 Women is a song from a reserved and controlled perspective, in which Ocean often refers to other artists such as Otis Redding , The Isley Brothers , Marvin Gaye and also the rapper Drake . Lyrically, the title is about a girl who is less interested in the music of Ocean and more in famous artists like Drake.

In addition to naming some well-known musicians from the past and present, there are also occasional references to the US film director and screenwriter Stanley Kubrick . His film Eyes Wide Shut is mentioned particularly often , in which an excerpt from a monologue by the character Alice Harford, which was played by Nicole Kidman , can be heard partly in the background of the song LoveCrimes . In addition to LoveCrimes , Kubrick is also a theme in Novacane .

This is followed by the song There Will Be Tears , which contains a sample of the song of the same name by the British singer Mr Hudson . The piece of music, described as emotional, is about Ocean's relationship with his father. The lyrics show that he has no connection to it. The next song, which was also released as a second single, is called Swim Good and is about severe lovesickness. It sometimes even describes suicidal thoughts . The text also mentions the American actor, singer and dancer Patrick Swayze , who died in 2009.

On Swim Good follows Dust whose plot by some metaphors is dramatized. The title is about a library, but the exact subject matter is difficult to determine due to the metaphors. The penultimate song follows American Wedding , which contains a sample of the song Hotel California by the band Eagles . The title is told as a flashback and is about a marriage and a subsequent divorce. The mixtape ends with Nature Feels , which puts the humorous side of Oceans in the foreground and impresses less with its seriousness than with its openness. The song contains a sample from Electric Feel , a song by the indietronic band MGMT .

promotion

Singles

Two singles were released from the mixtape: Novacane and Swim Good . Novacane was Ocean's debut single and has been available on iTunes since May 31, 2011 . In Germany they have been available for purchase since June 10 of the same year. A music video made by Nabil Elderkin has been available for purchase on iTunes since July 2011.

The single entered Billboard magazine's Hot 100 Airplay in June at number 100 and a few weeks later reached its highest position at number 60. On the Billboard Hot 100 , the single was placed 82nd in the first week in July, which is also his highest position. In total, the song stayed in the charts for four weeks. In Germany the title did not get into the hit lists.

The second single was released on June 16, Swim Good in the USA, but did not reach the chart aside from the Hot R & B / Hip-Hop songs , where it reached number 70. The song has been available in Germany since October 24th. The music video, which was released on September 16, 2011 and also shot by Nabil Elderkin, is also available for purchase.

tour

To promote the mixtape and its upcoming debut album, Ocean embarked on a short concert tour with seven appearances in November 2011. Originally only the first six concerts were planned, with the last to take place on November 15th in Los Angeles at the El Rey Theater. For health reasons, however, the second concert in New York City had to be canceled and the following dates were postponed. The failed gig was postponed to November 27th. There was also another concert in the same hall that took place a day later.

date city country Venue
November 5, 2011 New Orleans United States House of Blues
November 6, 2011 Amsterdam Netherlands Bitterzoet
November 8, 2011 Paris France Social club
November 11, 2011 London England XOYO
November 15, 2011 los Angeles United States El Rey Theater
November 27, 2011 New York City Bowery Ballroom
November 28, 2011

The concerts took place without an opening act . The set list changed from appearance to appearance, but the singles Novacane and Swim Good were featured on all shows. Other songs such as LoveCrimes , Dust , American Wedding , Strawberry Swing and We All Try were played at most of the concerts. Ocean also performed the pieces No Church in the Wild and Made in America , which he recorded with Jay-Z and Kanye West , the song I Miss You , which he wrote for Beyoncé's fourth studio album, and Thinkin Bout You . He also covered By Your Side by Sade Adu .

The reviews for Ocean's first ever solo appearances were average. Rolling Stone magazine , for example, wrote about the first concert in New Orleans that the singer sometimes seemed helpless. Nevertheless, he was able to inspire the audience through his singing. When MTV think it was that Ocean had clearly requires a certain start-up period; Overall, however, the concerts were rated as a promising start. The New York Times revealed later Oceans first appearance in New York City enthusiastically on 27 November and certified him to be a versatile singer.

success

reception

Professional reviews
Averages
source rating
Metacritic 83
Reviews
source rating
Allmusic
Robert Christgau A.
Pitchfork Media

The mixtape received largely positive reviews and is considered to be one of the best albums of 2011. On Metacritic , a website that combines various reviews into a high score, it achieved a so-called Metascore of 83 evaluation units out of 100 possible points . The number is based on nine reviews. When The New York Times was particularly praised the transparent and precise vocals, while Andy Kellman, a summary of Allmusic anfertigte, Ocean certified a longing and restrained perspective on the actions of his songs. Another review described the album as dark, playful, a bit tasteless, and utterly captivating. It was also said that the mix tape was very R&B heavy and had some highlights to offer. However, there are also some less successful pieces of music.

Leaderboards and awards

Magazine / website position category
Pitchfork Media 35 Album / mixtape
The Guardian 03 Album / mixtape
The AV Club 15th Album / mixtape
Robert Christgau 04 Album / mixtape
Time 05 Album / mixtape
Complex 04 album
02 Mixtape

Although the mixtape was not a commercial album, it appeared in numerous leaderboards at the end of 2011. In addition, it was nominated at the BET Hip Hop Awards 2011 in the category Best Mixtape , but lost to J. Cole and his album Friday Night Lights .

With Pitchfork Media , it reached number 35 in a list of the 50 best albums. The British daily The Guardian placed it in third place and justified the decision with the courage that Ocean had to use in some of his socially critical songs. It also achieved high placements at the AV Club , where it was ranked 15th, and Robert Christgau , who ranked it fourth. The news magazine Time , which put the album at number five on its annual list, particularly praised the personal touch that Ocean created by using a dialogue from the film Eyes Wide Shut .

impact

Ocean worked with Kanye West and Jay-Z on their joint album, Watch the Throne

Before the mixtape was released, only a few people knew Ocean, only as a songwriter for other artists he had already made a name for himself. Through nostalgia, ULTRA. he finally found a wider audience within a very short time and a fan base developed. Numerous well-known musicians and producers also became aware of him and often expressed themselves positively about his songs. Some of them even expressed an interest in working with Ocean in the near future. Among them was the American hip-hop artist Kanye West , who was working on a joint album with rapper Jay-Z at the time. He invited Ocean to take part in the work on the album. The cooperation resulted in the two songs No Church in the Wild and Made in America , in which Ocean was involved both as a musician and as a songwriter. They appeared on the Watch the Throne album . West also offered Ocean to help him work on his debut album. However, Ocean refused this offer on the grounds that he wanted to develop the album without outside help. In addition to his cooperation with Kanye West and Jay-Z, Ocean also participated in the albums 4 by Beyoncé and Life Is Good by Nas .

In addition to the attention that Ocean received from then on as a solo artist, the awareness of the group Odd Future Wolf Gang Kill Them All , of which he has been a member since the end of 2009, also increased. The hip-hop formation, which released their debut album in March 2012 and is led by rapper Tyler, The Creator , moved into the focus of some music enthusiasts due to the success of their member.

Planned re-release

After the success of the mixtape, Ocean's record company Def Jam Recordings decided in May 2011 to embark on a commercial release in the form of an extended play . It was later announced that the EP would consist of seven songs and be called nostalgia, LITE. should appear. Which pieces of music would be selected for publication was not announced, but the two singles Novacane and Swim Good were considered an integral part, while Frank Ocean gave the track American Wedding no chance due to ongoing disputes regarding the audio sample used . The song Acura Integurl , which comes from earlier studio sessions and can only be found on the unofficial release The Lonny Breaux Collection , and the title Whip Appeal , which is known from various live performances, are also traded as possible EP tracks. Ocean also named Strawberry Swing and Natural Feels , which are already based on nostalgia, and ULTRA. are available as candidates. The release date was initially aimed at July 26th, 2011, but a few days earlier Def Jam Recordings rejected this plan and canceled the re-release for unknown reasons. It wasn't until March 2012 that the label made another statement on the subject and announced that the EP would not be released at all.

controversy

The piece of music American Wedding became the focus of a media discussion due to the audio sample used from the song Hotel California by the American rock band Eagles . Don Henley , a member of the Eagles, announced in a statement that Ocean had illegally used the Hotel California tune and was considering taking legal action against him. As a result of the impending legal proceedings, the song was largely removed from the Internet and deleted from video portals such as YouTube . Ocean responded to the allegations by claiming that the use of the melody was merely an homage to the musical group. He also noted that the song had no commercial character as it was used for a mixtape that could be downloaded for free from the Internet. Ultimately, there was no lawsuit, but the Eagles did not give permission to perform the song live. As a consequence of the disputes, the piece of music is no longer available for download today.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Nick Harwood: RESPECT. Online Exclusive: “Success Is Certain” - Elliott Wilson Interviews Frank Ocean . respect-mag.com. July 16, 2012. Retrieved August 3, 2012.
  2. ↑ We welcome Frank Ocean! . universal-music.de. June 21, 2012. Archived from the original on December 24, 2015. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 9, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.universal-music.de
  3. ↑ a b Nadeska Alexis: Odd Future's Frank Ocean Does Not Make R & B . blackbookmag.com. April 21, 2011. Archived from the original on June 9, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 9, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.blackbookmag.com
  4. ↑ Ernest Baker: Who Is Frank Ocean? - Moving from New Orleans to Los Angeles . complex.com. March 18, 2011. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
  5. ↑ Ernest Baker: Who Is Frank Ocean? - Writing for Himself, Others, and Production . complex.com. March 18, 2011. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
  6. ↑ Ernest Baker: Who Is Frank Ocean? - Being Signed to Def Jam . complex.com. March 18, 2011. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
  7. ↑ Ernest Baker: Who Is Frank Ocean? - Relationship with Odd Future . complex.com. March 18, 2011. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
  8. ↑ The Urbanite R&B Mixtape of 2011 - Nostalgia, Ultra . iamtheurbanite.blogspot.de. January 5, 2012. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
  9. ↑ a b Ernest Baker: Who Is Frank Ocean? - "nostalgia, ULTRA." Meaning and artwork . complex.com. March 18, 2011. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
  10. ↑ Connor O'Neill: Frank Ocean's Nostalgia, Ultra self-released . miscellanynews.com. April 21, 2011. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 9, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.miscellanynews.com
  11. ↑ a b Jon Caramanica: Tumblr Soul, Rocker Country, Teenage Tartness . nytimes.com. March 11, 2011. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
  12. ↑ a b c d e Ryan Dombal: Frank Ocean - Nostalgia, Ultra. . pitchfork.com. March 4, 2011. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
  13. ↑ a b c d Tim Jonze: Best albums of 2011, No 3: Frank Ocean - Nostalgia, Ultra . guardian.co.uk. December 14, 2011. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
  14. ^ Zach Kelly: Frank Ocean - "Songs For Women" . pitchfork.com. February 24, 2011. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
  15. ^ A b c Andy Kellman: Frank Ocean: Nostalgia, Ultra . allmusic.com. Retrieved August 12, 2012.
  16. ^ Luke Grundy: Music review: nostalgia, ULTRA by Frank Ocean . escapeintolife.com. Retrieved August 12, 2012.
  17. ^ Andrew Noz: Frank Ocean: Smart And Subtle R&B Songwriting . npr.org. April 21, 2011. Retrieved August 12, 2012.
  18. ↑ Novacane - single . itunes.apple.com. May 31, 2011. Retrieved August 14, 2012.
  19. ↑ Novacane - single . itunes.apple.com. June 10, 2011. Retrieved August 14, 2012.
  20. ↑ Novacane . itunes.apple.com. July 29, 2011. Retrieved August 14, 2012.
  21. ↑ US Airplay Top 100 . acharts.us. Retrieved August 14, 2012.
  22. ↑ US Singles Top 100 . acharts.us. Retrieved August 14, 2012.
  23. ↑ Chart History . billboard.com. Retrieved August 14, 2012.
  24. ↑ a b Jenn Pelly: Frank Ocean Announces Solo Shows . pitchfork.com. October 4, 2011. Retrieved August 15, 2012.
  25. ↑ a b Jenn Pelly: Frank Ocean Announces NYC Shows . pitchfork.com. November 27, 2011. Retrieved August 15, 2012.
  26. ↑ a b Alex Rawls: Frank Ocean Flies Solo at House of Blues in New Orleans . rollingstone.com. November 6, 2011. Retrieved August 17, 2012.
  27. ↑ Carrie Battan: Video: Frank Ocean's Debut Solo Show . pitchfork.com. November 6, 2011. Retrieved August 17, 2012.
  28. ↑ Nadeska Alexis: Frank Ocean Cancels NYC Show After Promising New Orleans debut . mtv.com. November 7, 2011. Retrieved August 17, 2012.
  29. ^ Jon Caramanica: Music Is Love, and Love Is Music . nytimes.com. November 29, 2011. Retrieved August 17, 2012.
  30. ↑ a b Nostalgia, Ultra. - Frank Ocean . metacritic.com. Retrieved August 23, 2012.
  31. ↑ Frank Ocean / Blaqstarr . social.entertainment.msn.com. June 14, 2011. Archived from the original on June 21, 2011. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 29, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / social.entertainment.msn.com
  32. ↑ Steven Hyden: B + Community Grade . avclub.com. March 15, 2011. Retrieved August 23, 2012.
  33. ↑ Sam Hockley-Smith: Frank Ocean's Nostalgia, Ultra Album . thefader.com. February 25, 2011. Retrieved August 29, 2012.
  34. ↑ a b The Top 50 Albums of 2011 . pitchfork.com. December 15, 2011. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
  35. ↑ a b The best music of 2011 . avclub.com. December 6, 2011. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
  36. ^ A b Robert Christgau: 2011: Dean's List . robertchristgau.com. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
  37. ↑ a b Claire Suddath: The Top 10 Everything Destinations 2011 . time.com. December 7, 2011. Accessed August 31, 2012.
  38. ↑ The 25 Best Albums of 2011 . complex.com. December 19, 2011. Retrieved August 31, 2012.
  39. ↑ Alex Gale: The 25 Best Mixtapes of 2011 . complex.com. December 25, 2012. Retrieved August 31, 2012.
  40. ↑ Best mix tape . bet.com. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
  41. ↑ 2011 BET Hip Hop Award Winners . fashionably-early.com. October 11, 2011. Retrieved February 4, 2012.
  42. ↑ Kanye & Jay-Z Confirm 'Watch The Throne' Release Date . mtv.co.uk. July 19, 2011. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
  43. ↑ Ryan Dombal: Kanye West and Jay-Z Planning Joint Album . pitchfork.com. September 25, 2011. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
  44. ↑ Odd Future's Frank Ocean: 'I didn't want Kanye West to be on my album' . nme.com. November 15, 2011. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
  45. ^ Gabriel Alvarez: Beyoncé: Mighty Fly (2011 Cover Story & Gallery) . complex.com. July 19, 2011. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
  46. ^ Nas Hits the Studio with Frank Ocean . rap-up.com. April 23, 2011. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
  47. ↑ Nadeska Alexis: Frank Ocean's 'Nostalgia, Ultra' Will Be Re-Released . blackbookmag.com. May 19, 2011. Archived from the original on June 9, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 17, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.blackbookmag.com
  48. ↑ Frank Ocean Preps 'LITE' version of 'Nostalgia, Ultra' . rap-up.com. June 18, 2011. Retrieved July 17, 2012.
  49. ↑ a b Gerrick D. Kennedy: Frank Ocean's 'nostalgia, ULTRA' re-release will be 'lite,' singer hoping to clear samples . latimesblogs.latimes.com. June 20, 2011. Retrieved July 17, 2012.
  50. ^ Evan Minsker: Physical Release of Frank Ocean's Nostalgia, Ultra. Not happening . pitchfork.com. March 19, 2012. Retrieved July 17, 2012.
  51. ↑ Danielle Canada: Frank Ocean To Release “Nostalgia, Ultra” Mixtape In Stores . hiphopwired.com. May 19, 2011. Archived from the original on August 14, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 17, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / hiphopwired.com
  52. ↑ Sean Michaels: Frank Ocean says no official release for Nostalgia, Ultra . guardian.co.uk. March 20, 2012. Retrieved July 17, 2012.
  53. ↑ August Brown: The Eagles' rep responds to Frank Ocean's' Hotel California 'sample . latimesblogs.latimes.com. March 1, 2012. Retrieved August 8, 2012.
  54. ↑ a b c Odd Future's Frank Ocean: 'I'm paying homage to The Eagles' Don Henley' . nme.com. March 2, 2012. Retrieved August 8, 2012.