Pavel Nikolajewitsch Wassiljew

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Pavel Vasilyev

Pavel Nikolayevich Vasilyev ( Russian Павел Николаевич Васильев * December 23, 1909 . Jul / 5. January  1910 greg. In Zaisan ; † 16th July 1937 in Moscow ) was a Soviet writer.

Life

Vasilyev's father Nikolai Kornilowitsch Wassiljew (1886-1940), son of a wood saw and a washerwoman, graduated from the seminar for teachers in Semipalatinsk and in 1906 got a teaching position in Saissan. Vasilyev's mother Glafira Matwejewna née Rschannikowa (1888-1943), daughter of a farmer in Ujesd Krasnoufimsk , graduated from the Progymnasium in Pavlodar . In 1911 the family moved to Pavlodar, in 1914 to Atbassar and in 1916 to Petropavl , where Vasilyev started school. During the Russian Civil War , the family moved to Omsk in 1919 , where the father was drafted into the army of Admiral Alexander Vasiljewitsch Kolchak . At the end of 1920 the family returned to Pavlodar and settled with their grandparents Matveev. Vasilyev attended the seven-year water transport administration school run by his father. In 1921 he wrote his first poems . In 1923 he took part in the organized steamer trip on the Irtysh to the Saissansee . At the request of the literature teacher, he wrote a poem on the anniversary of Lenin's death in 1925 , which then became the school song.

After graduating from school in Omsk in 1925, Vasilyev went to Vladivostok in June 1926 to study at the Far East University . He performed publicly and took part in the work of the Society for Literature and Art , whose poetics section was headed by Ryurik Ivanev . On November 6, 1926, his first printed poem, Oktjabr , appeared in the newspaper . At the beginning of December 1926 he went on a trip to Moscow. On the way in Khabarovsk , Novosibirsk and Omsk he took part in literary meetings and published in the magazine Sibirskije Ogni edited by Vladimir Yakovlevich Sasubrin and other local magazines. In July 1927 he came to Moscow with a letter of recommendation from Ryurik Ivanev and, on the advice of the All-Russian Union of Writers, began studying at the Lunacharsky - RabFak of Arts, which he did not graduate.

In 1928 Vasilyev lived with his parents in Omsk. In August 1928 he went with Nikolai Ilyich Titov of Siberia and the Far East , where she served as culture - animators , hunters, sailors and in the gold mines at the Selemdzha River worked. Vasilyev told about this in his later books. In autumn 1929 he came back to Moscow and went to the Caspian Sea and the Aral Sea as a special newspaper correspondent . From 1930 to 1932 Vasilyev's poems were printed in Izvestia , Literaturnaja Gazeta , Nowy Mir , Krasnaja now , Ogonyok and other magazines. Wassiljew dedicated a poem to the poet Natalia Petrovna Konchalovskaya .

In March 1932 Vasilyev was arrested along with Nikolai Ivanovich Anow , Evgeni Nikolajewitsch Sabelin , Sergei Nikolajewitsch Markow , Leonid Nikolayewitsch Martynow and Lev Nikolayewitsch Tschernomorzew for belonging to the counter-revolutionary literary group Siberian Brigade . Although he was sentenced to three years in exile in the northern district , he was released conditionally. In 1934 Maxim Gorky's article on literary gimmicks began a campaign against Vasilyev, who was accused of drinking , hooliganism , violation of passport regulations, anti-Semitism , White Guardism and defense of kulaks . In January 1935 he was expelled from the Union of Writers of the USSR . He was arrested for hooliganism in July 1935 and released in the spring of 1936 after imprisonment in Ryazan prison. In the film Der Parteiaausweis , which was released in 1936, Vasiliev was the model for the most important antihero who was a spy , a divers and an enemy of the people .

During the Great Terror , Vasilyev was arrested for the third time in February 1937 and sentenced to death by shooting on July 15 by the Military College of the Supreme Court of the USSR for belonging to a terrorist group and preparing an attack on Stalin . He was shot dead on July 16, 1937 in Moscow's Lefortovo prison . His ashes were placed in the mass grave of uncollected ashes in the Donskoy cemetery .

In 1956 Vasilyev was rehabilitated. This sparked a new discussion of Vasilyev's political position, in which Sergei Pavlovich Salygin defended Vasiliev's position. Vasilyev's widow Jelena Alexandrovna Wjalowa-Wassiljewa (1909–1990) and Vasiliev's brother-in-law and supporter Ivan Mikhailovich Gronsky , who was chief editor of the Isestija and Novy Mir newspapers in the 1930s , collected Vasilyev's posthumous works and prepared them for publication. This also included works that Pawel Leonidowitsch Vjatscheslawow , Sergei Alexandrowitsch Podelkow and Grigory Alexandrowitsch Sannikow had collected and kept at their own risk.

In his poems, Vasilyev, who grew up in the Cossack villages of Kazakhstan , combined motifs from old Russia with the language formulas of the revolution and the USSR . His works were highly valued by Wolfgang Kasack , Dmitri Michailowitsch Kowaljow and also by Boris Leonidowitsch Pasternak , as Alexander Konstantinowitsch Gladkow reported.

Wassiljew belonged to the group of "peasant poets".

Wassiljew's cenotaph was placed next to the grave of his second wife Jelena Alexandrovna Vjalowa-Wassiljewa in the Kunzewoer cemetery . In 1991 the Vasilyev Museum was opened in Pavlodar. In 2003, a memorial stone for Vasiliev was erected in Omsk. A library in Omsk bears his name. In 2011 a monument to Vasilyev was erected in Pavlodar. Anatoly Grigoryevich Poperetschny dedicated a poem to him.

Works

  • Песня о гибели казачьего войска (1928–1932)
  • Лето (1932)
  • Август (1932)
  • Одна ночь (1933)
  • Соляной бунт (1933)
  • Кулаки (1933–1934)
  • Синицын и К ° (1934)
  • Женихи (1935)
  • Принц Фома (1936)
  • Христолюбовские ситцы (1935–1936).
  • Патриотическая поэма (1936)
  • Листвой тополинной и пухом лебяжьим… (1930)
  • Товарищ Джурбай (1930)
  • Строителю Евгении Стэнман (1932)
  • Стихи в честь Натальи (1934)
  • Другу поэту (1934)
  • Тройка

Web links

Commons : Pavel Vasilyev  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Большая российская энциклопедия: ВАСИ́ЛЬЕВ Павел Николаевич (accessed November 4, 2019).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f «Я увижу волчьи изумруды…» К 100-летию замечательного русского поэта Павла Васильева (accessed November 4, 2019).
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Библиотека поэзии: Павел Васильев (accessed November 4, 2019).
  4. ↑ Гронская С. И .: " Здесь я рассадил свои тополя ... ": Докум. повесть о Елене Вяловой и поэте Павле Васильеве. Письма . Изд-во "Флинта", Moscow 2005 ( [1] [accessed November 4, 2019]).
  5. ↑ Lexicon of Russian Literature from 1917 (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 451). Kröner, Stuttgart 1976, ISBN 3-520-45101-8 ; 2nd edition under the title Lexicon of Russian Literature of the 20th Century , Munich: Sagner 1992, ISBN 3-87690-459-5 ; Supplementary volume Bibliographical and Biographical Supplements, Munich: Sagner 2000, ISBN 3-87690-761-6 .
  6. ↑ Ковалёв Д .: Неистовое естество. Статья о поэзии П. Васильева (accessed November 4, 2019).
  7. ↑ Чтобы помнили (accessed November 4, 2019).
  8. ↑ Lirikon: Павел Васильев (accessed November 4, 2019).
personal data
SURNAME Wassiljew, Pavel Nikolajewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Васильев, Павел Николаевич (Russian spelling)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION soviet writer
DATE OF BIRTH January 5, 1910
PLACE OF BIRTH Saissan
DATE OF DEATH July 16, 1937
Place of death Moscow