Parish church St. Johann am Wimberg
The parish church of St. Johann am Wimberg is in the center of the parish of St. Johann am Wimberg in the Rohrbach district in Upper Austria . The St. John the Baptist ordained Roman Catholic parish church belongs to the deanery St. Johann am Wimberg in the Diocese of Linz and is under monument protection ( list entry ).
history
The first historically secured mention of St. Johann am Wimberg is a note from the year 1147 in the so-called church fair chronicle of the St. Florian Monastery . On January 1st of this year the church was consecrated by Bishop Reginbert von Passau . The church was dependent on the mother parish Niederwaldkirchen and the St. Florian monastery. In the course of the Counter Reformation , St. Johann was elevated to an independent parish in the early 17th century. The original church or a later renovation was extended Gothic around 1510 . In 1710 the church was redesigned in Baroque style under pastor Augustin Adam Prechenmacher. The last extensive general renovation was completed in the early autumn of 1996.
architecture
Although the exterior of the church has a uniform appearance, the church has been expanded and redesigned several times. The front part of the baseless nave up to the height of the windows still comes from the Romanesque building . The late - Gothic two-bay choir from around 1510 with a 5/8 end has a rich net rib vault and wedge-shaped buttresses. A pointed arch arcade opens the choir to the so-called "Andreaskirche". This one-bay side chapel with parallel net rib vaults, built on to the north, was built around the same time as the choir.
The single-aisled, five-bay long house with lancet barrel vaults is the result of a Baroque transformation from 1710. The outside was provided with a baroque blind facade with a distinctive segmented gable as well as a stucco pilaster strip and window frames around the entire building . The yokes are separated inside by flat pilasters with volute capitals, above which a short parapet with cornices follows, on which the yoke arches rest. The easternmost yoke impresses with a transept-like extension that does not appear in the exterior, which is caused by a reduction in the wall thickness and a transverse position of the pilasters.
Furnishing
High altar
The black and gold framed high altar with its marbled columns takes up the entire width of the presbytery and was built in several stages. The double-columned central building with split gables and an attachment in the form of a portal in the style of the ending high baroque dates from the first quarter of the 18th century. Around 1770 volute arches with rocaille ornaments were added to the sides , which sit on the outside of wall columns.
The high altar sheet with the baptism of Christ and the top picture God the Father with angels from around 1700 are considered the work of the painter Michael Wenzel Halbax . To the side of the main picture are sculptures of the princes of the apostles Peter and Paul , above the passages the hll. Barbara and Elisabeth . St. Barbara can be found as a counterpart to St. Catherine of Alexandria again next to the top picture.
Mary Altar
The style of the oldest altar in the church is the northern altar of Mary from 1699. Like the high altar , the altar retable has a black and gold frame and marbled columns. In the center, instead of a painting, there is a group of figures depicting the Coronation of Mary by the Most Holy Trinity , accompanied by two putti . Beside the columns there are statues of St. Josef and Joachim . A niche is built in under the middle field, which contains a reclining figure of St. Rosalia holds. The niche figures next to the altar represent the evangelists John and Matthew . Oil paintings are placed above the niches. The left picture shows St. Anna teaching her daughter Maria (19th century), the opposite is St. Anthony of Padua with the baby Jesus (18th century).
Cross altar
The southern altar in the Rococo style from around 1770 with a brown marbled frame is dedicated to the crucifixion of Christ. The central crucifix with Mary, the favorite disciple Johannes and Maria Magdalena is surrounded by weeping putti and angels with instruments of suffering. God the Father is enthroned in the excerpt. The niches on the side of the altar contain sculptures of St. Johannes Nepomuk and Leonhard . The eastern painting of St. Apollonia dates back to the 18th century, while the counterpart with St. Aloisius was painted in the 19th century.
pulpit
The marbled pulpit on the chancel arch was probably built around the same time as the cross altar . The elegantly curved pulpit with rocaille ornaments is adorned with a cartouche with a tiara and miter , flanked by angels with the papal cross and a crosier. Angels with cross, anchor and heart sit on the sound cover as allegories for the three divine virtues of faith, hope and love. The crowning is a sculpture of Moses with the tablets of the law.
Way of the Cross
At the endeavor of Pastor Josef Perndl, a new way of the cross was purchased in 1947 . The Stations of the Cross, painted by Franz Xaver Bobleter in 1841, were bought from the Wolfern parish and fitted into the existing rococo frames.
Further equipment
The Christmas crib is a large box crib that was built by a relative of Pastor Franz Wöss (1920–1936) and designed by Pastor Josef Perndl (1939–1954). The high crib stable is flanked by two palm trees. On the manger mountain there is a shepherd's field with an annunciation angel as well as the city of Bethlehem or the heavenly Jerusalem .
Since 2017, a fasting nativity scene with plaster cast “Loammandln” has been set up every year from Ash Wednesday , made by a youth from the parish. You can see scenes from the entry into Jerusalem to the resurrection.
The holy grave with a lockable tabernacle was acquired in 1907 through donations from several benefactors.
High altar
Mary Altar
Cross altar
Christmas crib
Lenten crib
Holy grave
Wall and ceiling paintings
The oldest paintings in the church are two late Gothic angels painted on stone from around 1510 on the north side of the choir between the pointed arch arcade and a buttress that belonged to a sacrament house .
In 1904/1905 the church was repainted by the church painter Petrus Helminger because the original baroque frescoes had become damaged. In addition to four depictions of saints in the choir, the following pictures were placed in the five bays of the nave vault in stucco frames between rich acanthus paintings from east to west:
- Annunciation of the birth of John the Baptist to Zacharias
- John as a boy with a lamb and cross staff with the inscription "Ecce Agnus Dei"
- Holy Spirit hole surrounded by the evangelist symbols
- John the Baptist preaches
- Beheading of John the Baptist
As part of the church renovation in the 1990s, a remnant of the former baroque painting was exposed in the westernmost window reveal of the north wall.
On the initiative of Pastor Josef Perndl in 1947, three wall paintings unique in the area in the “Andreas Church” were made in the sgraffito technique by the painter Alfred Stifter . A rural scene from the parish can be seen on the west wall. The large picture on the north wall shows the wedding at Cana in a guest room at home, while the smaller one shows the return of a soldier from the war, reminding of the return of the prodigal son .
Bells
The ringing of the parish church of St. Johann am Wimberg originally consisted of three bells. Since the bells had melted during the local fire on April 11, 1783, the little bell from the chapel on the Hansberg was first transferred to the parish church. In 1784 four new bells were finally cast by the Linz bell founder Johann Michael Zöchbaur . The second and third bells had to be cast in 1835 by the bell caster Johann Hollederer in Linz, the fourth bell in 1895 by Ignaz Hilzer in Wiener Neustadt .
Since all bells with the exception of the train bell (death bell) had to be delivered in the First World War , a new conversion bell with a diameter of 520 mm, a weight of 97 kg and the f sharp 2 chime was cast in the St. Florian bell foundry in 1922 . In 1923 the five-bell chime was completed again with three steel bells from the Böhler bell foundry from 1919, which the parish Tumeltsham and its fittings were bought for 13,000,000 Austrian crowns .
The new conversion bell fell victim to the Second World War in 1941 and has not been replaced to this day. The drawing bell has been used for this function ever since. The old death bell had to be cast in 1947 due to a crack in the St. Florian bell foundry. She received a relief of the risen Christ. The template was made by pastor Josef Perndl himself.
| No. | designation | Casting year | Foundry and casting location | diameter | Dimensions | Nominal | image | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Twelve | 1919 | Böhler, Kapfenberg | 1000 mm | 480 kg | d 2 |  |
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| 2 | Elferin | 1919 | Böhler, Kapfenberg | 800 mm | 260 kg | f 2 |  |
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| 3 | Drawing bell | 1919 | Böhler, Kapfenberg | 600 mm | 160 kg | a 2 |  |
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| 4th | Death bell | 1947 | Upper Austrian bell and metal foundry, St. Florian | 410 mm | approx. 50 kg | h 2 |  |
The Elferin sounds daily at 11:00 a.m. to the mundane elf chimes, which used to give the signal to heat up the stove. For Angelus at 12:00 and 20:00 (in winter at 18:00) rings the Zwölferin . After the evening bell rings, the death bell rings in memory of the deceased. On Thursdays after the evening bell , the fear ringing is performed by the Elferin in memory of Christ's agony on the Mount of Olives . The hour of Jesus' death on Friday at 3:00 p.m. is again indicated by the bell of the twelve woman .
The woman in twelve is pressed to ring the quarter bell before church services . Immediately at the start of the measurement, the full chiming of bells 1 to 3 sounds.
organ
The baroque gallery houses a remarkable organ , the current structure of which goes back to three different construction stages, which is why it is considered a valuable monument organ. Originally built towards the end of the 17th century without a pedal , the pipework and manual windlade were renewed in 1771. In the first half of the 19th century, the current console was added and the organ was expanded to include a pedal mechanism. This high-quality extension fits in perfectly with the style. The original condition was therefore retained when the organ was restored in 1983. An unsuitable bellows system from the post-war period, however, was replaced by two wedge-shaped bellows based on the historical model.
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literature
- Reinhard Weidl: Church leader: St. Johann am Wimberg. Upper Austria. Publishing house St. Peter, Salzburg 1996.
Web links
- Parish St. Johann am Wimberg
- Full bells (with death bell) on YouTube
- Evening Angelus, Remembrance of the Dead and Dread Bells on YouTube
Individual evidence
- ^ Upper Austria - immovable and archaeological monuments under monument protection. (PDF), ( CSV ). Federal Monuments Office , status: 23 January 2019.
- ↑ Karoline Benezeder: Church nativity scenes in the Mühlviertel. Veritas-Verlag, Linz 1982, p. 47.
- ↑ Parish Council St. Johann (Ed.): Parish sheet With each other - For each other in the parish St. Johann / Wbg. Episode 1, Easter 2017, p. 10.
- ↑ Pfarramt St. Johann / Wbg (Ed.): Jubiläumskalender 1147. St. Johann am Wimberg 1997, p. 5.
- ↑ a b c d e Florian Oberchristl: Bells of the Diocese of Linz. Verlag R. Pirngruber, Linz 1941, p. 229.
- ↑ Pfarramt St. Johann / Wbg (Ed.): Jubiläumskalender 1147. St. Johann am Wimberg 1997, p. 6.
- ↑ Parish Council St. Johann (Ed.): Parish sheet With each other - For each other in the parish St. Johann / Wbg. Episode 2, summer 2013, p. 3.
- ↑ Parish Council St. Johann (Ed.): Parish sheet With each other - For each other in the parish St. Johann / Wbg. Episode 1, Easter 2016, p. 8.
- ↑ a b Parish St. Johann am Wimberg (ed.): Organ consecration in the parish church St. Johann / Wbg. on Sunday November 6, 1983 . Festive program. St. Johann am Wimberg 1983.
Coordinates: 48 ° 29 '17.1 " N , 14 ° 7' 47.6" E