Philipp Krementz

Philipp Cardinal Krementz, photo with signature

Philippus Cardinal Krementz, painting by Heinrich Mosler-Pallenberg

Philippus Cardinal Krementz, Archbishop, Archbishop's Palace Cologne

Coat of arms of the Archbishop Krementz

Philipp Krementz (born December 1, 1819 in Koblenz ; † May 6, 1899 in Cologne ) was a cardinal (since 1893), Bishop of Warmia (1867–1886) and Archbishop of Cologne (1885–1899).

Life

Philipp Krementz was born the son of a butcher in Koblenz and began studying theology in Bonn in 1837 , which he continued in Munich in 1839 . After his ordination on August 27, 1842 in Koblenz, he worked there as a chaplain. From 1846 he worked as a religion teacher at the Rhenish Knight Academy in Bedburg . In January 1848 he became pastor of St. Kastor in Koblenz and in 1853 dean of the Koblenz deanery .

On April 16, 1859 he was named Dome of Honor of the Trier Cathedral, but he refused. In 1864 and 1867 he was on the candidate lists for the bishopric elections in Cologne and Trier . In none of the elections did he get a majority of the votes. He turned down a position as canon offered by the Bishop of Trier .

The Frauenburg Cathedral Chapter elected Krementz, who was favored by the Queen of Prussia, whom he knew personally, as Bishop of Warmia on October 22, 1867 , where he was enthroned on May 24, 1868. Previously, the Archbishop of Cologne, Paulus Melchers , donated his episcopal ordination on May 3rd . In 1868 he received the honorary citizenship of his hometown Koblenz. In the following years he made himself unpopular with the clergy of his diocese because of his strict Roman tendencies.

He participated in the First Vatican Council from 1869 to 1870. He was one of the opponents of infallibility and left Rome with 54 other bishops before the end of the council. He no longer took part in the solemn vote of July 18, 1870, at which the elevation of papal infallibility was raised to dogma. However, he bowed to the decisions of the council and proclaimed the infallibility dogma in his diocese. In 1872 he excommunicated five anti-accident priests from his diocese, which led to a conflict with the Prussian state. The conflict ended on September 25, 1872 with the blocking of the Temporalien .

In March 1885, the Vatican and the Kingdom of Prussia agreed to fill the vacant chair of the Archbishop of Cologne. Pope Leo XIII. appointed Krementz on July 30, 1885 as the new Archbishop of Cologne. There he was enthroned on December 15th. During his years in Cologne, Krementz had to rebuild the administration of the Archdiocese of Cologne, as it was completely ruined by the ten years of the Kulturkampf . In 1886 he became chairman of the Fulda Bishops' Conference , an office that he held until 1896. On January 16, 1893, he was accepted into the College of Cardinals as a cardinal priest with the titular church of San Crisogono .

At the end of his life the archbishop was mentally confused and could only with difficulty be dissuaded from proclaiming the end of the world for the year 1950. Philipp Krementz died on May 6, 1899 in Cologne and was buried in the bishop's crypt in Cologne Cathedral .

honors and awards

• Honorary citizenship of the city of Koblenz (1868)
• Royal Crown Order I Class
• Order of the Red Eagle II. Class with oak leaves and star
• Albrechts Order , Commander's Cross 1st Class
• Order of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem , Grand Cross

Works

• The house of God. A sermon given on December 22nd, 1853 at the inauguration of the local Carmelite Church and in memory of that day of the Catholic military community of Coblenz. Hergt, Koblenz 1854.
• The city on the mountain or revelation and apostasy. An apologetic sketch. Hölscher, Koblenz 1861.
• Israel model of the church. Attempt to illuminate the fate of Christianity through the exemplary history of Israel. Kirchheim, Mainz 1865.
• The gospel in the book of Genesis or the life of Jesus, exemplarily represented by the story of the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and Joseph. Along with an answer to No. 7 of the Theological Literature Journal. Hergt, Koblenz 1867.
• The life of Jesus, the prophecy of the history of his church. Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1869.
• Basic lines for the historical typology of the Holy Scriptures. A contribution to the understanding of St. History and world history. Along with an appendix on the typology of the Book of Ruth. Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1875.
• The Revelation of St. John in the light of the Gospel according to John. A sketch of the royal. Lordship of Jesus Christ. Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1883.

literature

• Erwin Gatz :  Krementz, Philipp. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-428-00194-X , p. 4 f. ( Digitized version ).
• Eduard Hegel : The Archdiocese of Cologne between the Restoration of the 19th Century and the Restoration of the 20th Century (= History of the Archdiocese of Cologne, Vol. 5) , Cologne, 1987, p. 85 f. ISBN 3-7616-0873-X
• Wolfgang Schütz: Koblenz heads. People from the city's history - namesake for streets and squares. Verlag für Werbung Blätter GmbH Mülheim-Kärlich, Ed .: Bernd Weber, 2005 (2nd revised and expanded edition), 623 pages, ISBN 224-0-00345-226-2 .
• Ulrich Fox : Bishop Philipp Krementz and the apparitions in Dietrichswalde in 1877. To a publication by Hubert Orłowski . In: Our Ermändische Heimat - newsletter of the PDB for Ermland . Pentecost 2/2006, p. VII.

Web links

• Literature by and about Philipp Krementz in the catalog of the German National Library
• Krementz, Philipp. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed August 4, 2016.
• Entry on Philipp Krementz on catholic-hierarchy.org ; Retrieved July 26, 2016.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Pulheimer Totenkettelsammlung: Totenzettel for Philippus Cardinal Krementz on rhein-erft-geschichte.de, viewed July 27, 2016.

predecessor	Office	successor
Paul Melchers	Chairman of the Fulda Bishops' Conference 1884–1896	Georg Cardinal von Kopp
Paul Melchers	Archbishop of Cologne 1885–1899	Hubert Theophil Simar
Joseph Ambrosius Geritz	Bishop of Warmia 1867–1886	Andreas Thiel