Prinzregentenstrasse

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Prinzregentenstrasse
coat of arms
Street in Munich
Prinzregentenstrasse
Prinzregentenstraße west of the Isar
Basic data
place Munich
District Lehel , Bogenhausen , Steinhausen
Created 1891
Connecting roads Von-der-Tann-Strasse, Töginger Strasse
Cross streets Seitzstraße, Bruderstraße, Wagmüllerstraße, Lerchenfeldstraße, Alexandrastraße, Oettingenstraße, Reitmorstraße, Widenmayerstraße, Maria-Theresia-Straße, Möhlstraße , Ismaninger Straße , Trogerstraße, Schumannstraße, Neherstraße, Lamontstraße, Nigerstraße, Possartstraße , Mühlbaurstraße, Grillparzerstraße, Wilhelm-Tellerstraße, Wilhelm-Tellerstraße Street, Brucknerstrasse, Braystrasse, Saint-Privat-Strasse, Brahmsstrasse, Richard-Strauss-Strasse , Pfistermeisterstrasse, Steinhauser Strasse, Wagenbauerstrasse, Vogelweidestrasse
Places Europaplatz, Prinzregentenplatz , Vogelweideplatz
Buildings Public institutions , buildings and monuments
Subway U 4, Prinzregentenplatz station
use
User groups Road traffic , public transport
Road design Angel of Peace
Technical specifications
Street length 3.2 km

The Prince Regent Street is next to the Briennerstraße , the Ludwigstraße and Maximilianstraße one of the four major urban boulevards Munich . Prinzregentenstrasse is protected as an ensemble architectural monument.

Location and course

Eisbach surfers on Prinzregentenstrasse

Prinzregentenstrasse lies in a west-east direction and is divided into three parts: It begins at the Prinz-Carl-Palais , the interface between the Hofgarten and the English Garden ; the first part extends over the Luitpold Bridge to the Friedensengel on the eastern Isar high bank, which it circles around in a right and left curve; the second part extends from Friedensengel / Europaplatz to Prinzregentenplatz , the third begins at Prinzregentenplatz, crosses the Mittlerer Ring ( Richard-Strauss-Straße ), passes Vogelweideplatz with the Bogenhausener Tor and ends at Töginger Straße / A 94 .

history

Royal time

The plans for a boulevard to the eastern Isar high bank go back to the year 1852. Prince Regent Luitpold finally gave the order in 1890. Construction began in 1891, and the last major urban development expansion was completed in 1901.

In contrast to Ludwigstrasse, the great boulevard of his father Ludwig I and Maximilianstrasse , the boulevard of his brother Maximilians II , Prinzregentenstraße was not planned as an administrative center with a specially developed style; it was projected as a noble bourgeois street. As a result, it not only reflects bourgeois ideals, but was an expression of the good relationship between the bourgeoisie, especially the upper and educated bourgeoisie, and the Wittelsbach family . At the same time, it demonstrates the prosperity around 1900.

On the basis of this, three decisions are striking that determined the bourgeois character of the street:

  • Prinzregentenstrasse does not begin with a symbol like the Feldherrnhalle , but with a park that was the connection between the royal court garden and the more bourgeois English garden. The Prinz-Carl-Palais marks the entrance area of ​​this open green belt that defined the northern part of Prinzregentenstrasse.
  • Large-format buildings were avoided. Even the Bavarian National Museum was planned by Gabriel von Seidl in such a way that the structure is visually subdivided into several units and a piazza effect is created.
  • The Prinzregentenstraße originally ended at Prinzregentenplatz not with the facade of the Prinzregententheater , but with that of a town house.

Nevertheless, there are some aristocratic palaces in the Bogenhausen part of the street. The Palais Hohenzollern from 1894 is right on Europaplatz on Maria-Theresia-Straße. Today there are many consulates in this quarter.

Planted avenues, cafes, and small squares determined life on Prinzregentenstrasse, as did the Prince Regent's political decisions. For example, the Angel of Peace as Nike des Paionios from Olympia (around 421 BC) carries a palm branch in his right hand and a statue of Pallas Athene in his left : Victory does not bring military success, but peace, prosperity and science. With this, Luitpold consciously set himself apart from the symbolism of the Berlin Victory Column , where the Nike symbolizes military victory.

Ramp of the old town tunnel into Prinzregentenstrasse

Nazi conversions

For Adolf Hitler , whose private apartment was on the second floor of the Prinzregentenplatz 16, Prinzregentenstrasse did not correspond at all to his ideas of a boulevard, which for him was always an expression of power and political importance. In this respect, he gave the impetus to renovate Prinzregentenstrasse. The Haus der Kunst was first built in 1933–1937 at the western beginning of the street. The structure with a seemingly endless portico, often described by art historians as being much too broad, sealed off the English Garden and thus interrupted the flowing transition from this garden to the courtyard garden and the city. Furthermore, several town houses were demolished, such as B. opposite the Bavarian National Museum ; the Luftgaukommando was established there in 1937 and has been the seat of the Bavarian State Ministry for Economic Affairs, Infrastructure, Transport and Technology since the 1950s . As a result, Prinzregentenstrasse lost its lightness and in the first section received the severity that still characterizes it today.

Prinzregentenstraße east of the Isar
Prinzregentenstrasse with the National Museum
Former Prussian legation with Schack gallery

In the third section, between Wilhelm-Tell-Strasse and Brucknerstrasse, there are apartment blocks built between 1941 and 1943, which were designed as test buildings for the unrealized Südstadt . The row of these four-storey block buildings with 3.25 m high main floors is flanked at both ends by square air raid shelters that fit into the building block. As a NS model city with around 14,500 residential units, the Südstadt should have run out of town from the planned district building on the Gasteig . All apartment blocks should be equipped with high-rise bunkers from the outset, either as in the experimental buildings in Prinzregentenstrasse as a lateral closure of the block buildings, or in the middle of the buildings with direct access from the apartments. The experimental buildings have been preserved almost unchanged; one of the two seven-story bunkers has been used as the Tumulka art bunker since 1993 and has housed national and international individual items and group exhibitions in its rooms.

After 1945

Conversions

Especially in the western part of the Prinzregentenstrasse, under the conditions of a car-friendly city, major modifications were made. 1970–1972, for example, the Prinz-Carl-Palais was tunneled under with a car tunnel (the Altstadtringtunnel ), which emerges again at the surface at the Haus der Kunst. At the same time, the Prinzregentenstrasse was divided for the opening of a ring road (the later Franz-Josef-Strauss-Ring). The Cafe Prinzregent (Prinzregentenstrasse 2 and 4), built around 1910, has been destroyed. Today the Altstadtring runs at the same place. The southern development at the western beginning of Prinzregentenstrasse was badly hit in air raids in 1944 and then completely cleared. The Nazi architecture, however, was retained. Discussions about restoring the character of Prinzregentenstrasse are held again and again: most recently from the year 2000, when it came to the future of the dilapidated Haus der Kunst. Alexander Freiherr von Branca proposed an art pavilion which, in his opinion, will both reopen the English Garden and fully satisfy the requirements of the modern art business, but activities have not yet been taken (as of 2017).

In the new building of the Bavarian State Chancellery , which until 1993 had its headquarters at Prinzregentenstrasse 7, the transition between the Hofgarten and the English Garden was redesigned on the area of ​​the destroyed Bavarian Army Museum . This was intended to moderate the lockdown.

Special events

On August 4, 1971 was held for the first time in the Federal Republic a robbery with hostage-taking to the branch of Deutsche Bank in Prinzregentenstraße 70 instead. During the police rescue operation, one of five hostages and one of the two perpetrators died .

traffic

Prinzregentenstrasse is one of the busiest entry and exit roads in the Bavarian capital. It connects the districts of Maxvorstadt , Lehel , Bogenhausen and Steinhausen with the Mittlerer Ring and the A 94 towards Passau .

Local public transport is mainly limited to MVG bus routes; In addition, tram lines 16 ( National Museum / Haus der Kunst stop) and 17 ( Friedensengel / Villa Stuck stop ) and the U4 ( Prinzregentenplatz underground station ) cross Prinzregentenstrasse.

Until the opening of Munich Franz Josef Strauss Airport in 1992, Prinzregentenstrasse was one of the main routes to Munich-Riem Airport .

Public facilities

Museums and theaters

House of Art
Villa Stuck

Other public institutions

Other buildings and monuments

Angel of Peace

literature

  • Stefan Fisch : The Prinzregentenstrasse. Modern urban planning between courtyard, administration and terrain interests . In: Friedrich Prinz (Ed.): Munich - City of Muses with backyards. The time of the Prince Regent 1886 - 1912 . CH Beck, Munich 1988, ISBN 3-406-33395-8 , pp. 82-89 .
  • Klaus Gallas : Munich. From the Guelph foundation of Henry the Lion to the present: art, culture, history . DuMont, Cologne 1979, ISBN 3-7701-1094-3 (DuMont documents: DuMont art travel guide).
  • Karl Stankiewitz: Grand streets in Munich - Brienner and Prinzregentenstrasse . Bayerland, Dachau 2009, ISBN 978-3-89251-390-2 , p. 89-161 .

Web links

Commons : Prinzregentenstraße  - collection of images, videos and audio files

supporting documents

  1. ↑ Winfried Nerdinger (Ed.): Building under National Socialism: Bavaria 1933–1945. Munich 1993 /
  2. ^ Karl Schmidt-Polex:Chicago and Oktoberfestin the time of August 13, 1971; Retrieved Nov. 22, 2014.

Coordinates: 48 ° 8 ′ 26 ″  N , 11 ° 36 ′ 0 ″  E