Süggerath

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Süggerath
City of Geilenkirchen
Coordinates: 50 ° 58 ′ 41 ″  N , 6 ° 9 ′ 4 ″  E
Height : 64 m
Area : 1.95 km²
Residents : 730  (December 31, 2010)
Population density : 374 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : January 1, 1972
Postal code : 52511
Area code : 02451
map
Süggerath in the valley of the worm April 2007

Süggerath is a district of the city of Geilenkirchen in western North Rhine-Westphalia in the Heinsberg district (Germany). The settlement has around 700 inhabitants and is located in the Wurm valley.

geography

Location

Süggerath is an agricultural street village in the Wurmtal. The place crosses the country road 364, which leads from Übach-Palenberg via Geilenkirchen , - Würm and Hückelhoven to Wegberg as well as the railway line Aachen-Düsseldorf.

Neighboring places

Tripsrath Randerath Worm
Niederheid Neighboring communities Beeck
Geilenkirchen Immendorf Bumpers

Waters

The worm runs northwest of Süggerath.

The worm near Süggerath
Aachen – Mönchengladbach railway line at the entrance to Süggerath

history

The origin of the place goes back to Franconian times, although settlement before this time is likely. The Stone Age traces (artefacts) found around the site and various remains of vessels from Roman times are evidence of this. After the end of the Roman era in the Rhineland , the land was redistributed under the rule of the Merovingians . The small valley of the Wurm now formed a border between the Meuse and the Rur , which separated the eastern kingdom of the Ripuarian Franks from the Salian duchy of Hasbania to the west .

This demarcation was later taken over by the church. The land to the east belonged to the Archdiocese of Cologne , while the residents of the west bank were subordinate to the Diocese of Liège . The Wurmtal owes its numerous castles to this border location, mainly water castles , which later lost their military function and were partly converted into palaces . Several of these are in the immediate vicinity of the village.

The history of the place becomes tangible for the first time from the year 1153, when the place was mentioned as a table good for the Archbishop of Cologne under the name " curia segerode ". Around 1483 the place was called Sugrod, 1496 Sugerod, 1499 Suggenrode and 1525 Suggerode. In 1398 (document dated February 9, 1398), Duke Wilhelm III. from Jülich to Johann Horyck (Horrig) all justice (jurisdiction) in Süggerath (in the Syckeraide document). On June 24, 1494, Johann von Horrick Süggerath (Suggeraidt) received as glory (delivery of the criminals to the mayor of Aldenhoven , renunciation of the treasure of 50 acres of Kurmutsgüter (court over belongings, meat, blood)) as an accessory to the Horrick house ( fiefdom ) of the Heinsberg house.

Further historical events did not leave Süggerath without a trace. In addition to the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War is (1618-1648) in particular the French occupation ( " French period ") from 1795 and the seizure of land in the Peace of Luneville in 1801 under Napoleon particularly important that a reorganization of the entire left bank of the country and thus drastic Changes (introduction of the registry office etc.) brought ( Département de la Roer ). During this time the parish Süggerath was dissolved; it was rebuilt in 1846. After the end of the French occupation in the Congress of Vienna (1814), the place was part of the Prussian province of Nieder-Rhein, administrative district Aachen , district 6 Geilenkirchen. The conscript residents were assigned to Landwehr District 73 (1st Landwehr Battalion of the 25th Infantry Regiment of the 15th Landwehr Brigade of the 8th Army Corps, headquarters was Aachen ).

Süggerath around 1800

According to the Handbook of the Prussian State, 508 people lived in the village in 1838, spread over 96 houses. For comparison:

  • Geilenkirchen:
    • 97 houses with 555 inhabitants
  • Belly:
    • 94 houses 467 inhabitants
  • Hünshoven:
    • 104 houses 637 inhabitants
  • Brüggerhof:
    • 1 house 10 inhabitants
  • Leerodt:
    • 1 house 10 inhabitants
  • Horry / homestead:
    • 2 houses 22 inhabitants

In 1962 722 Catholics and 31 non-Catholics were counted in Süggerath.

According to the US military secret service, there was a so-called military training camp in Süggerath during World War II , which belonged to the Hitler Youth area Cologne-Aachen.

In 1940, major Wehrmacht units went through during World War II . Before the start of the western campaign (May 10, 1940) to attack the Benelux countries and France, they gathered in the Aachen region. Defensive systems (bunker systems) of the West Wall , an almost 650 km long fortification line devised by the Nazi regime and military planners, from Heinsberg to the Swiss border near Basel, were built in the middle of the village . Traces of the fortifications were still visible until the 1970s; today they have largely disappeared. Only two terrain obstacles (so-called anti - tank ditches ) created between Süggerath and Geilenkirchen are still recognizable. The Siegfried Line was built by the militarily organized units of the Reich Labor Service (RAD), which also maintained a camp in Süggerath. The RAD unit K3-314 W III was stationed there. In November 1944 the place became the main combat area. He was evacuated and badly destroyed (see Operation Clipper ). As part of Operation Blackcock , British troops captured the Rur triangle ('Roer Triangle') between the cities of Roermond, Sittard and Heinsberg from January 14 to 26, 1945.

On January 1, 1972, Süggerath was incorporated into Geilenkirchen.

Attractions

House Horrig

From Haus Horrig, one of the many former moated castles of the Wurmtal in the immediate vicinity of the village, no remains of buildings or walls have survived today. The first mention was in 1004,
description: Archbishop Friedrich I of Cologne testifies that Meginherus de Randenrode, who has neither wife nor son, piously drives his own Horichem estate, which he has at Horenchusen (Horrig) and which brings in 12 Cologne Schillings , for the salvation of his and his father's souls, given to the altar of St. Mary on the stairs, St. Mariagraden Koln. (Horrig Castle and Courtyard near today's Trips Castle). On the map of the engineer-geographer REGNAULT from 1805 to 1807 (map of the Rhineland, Tranchot / Müffling 1803-1820, sheet 66) the old castle is still completely entered. Today only the former mill belonging to the facility can still be guessed at. The Lords of Horrig - also Horick, Horrich - are first mentioned in the 13th century. It is not known whether the Horrig / Süggerath house was the ancestral home of the widely ramified family.

In 1525 the Horrig house, together with the village of Süggerath, came into the possession of Hermann von Randerath , whose heirs exchanged rulership for Baesweiler in 1577 . Since then, the new owner has been Johann von Randerath, son of Jacob von Randerath and Anna von Schilling. In 1760 this branch of the Randerath family died out. Theodor Meuser was now enfeoffed with Horrig for his wife, Maria Catharina von Villneuve, daughter of Anna Francisca Villneuve nee Randerath.

A daughter of these couple, Maria Theresia Meuser, married a Wilhelm Doemens around 1780, who came from Schinveld in Belgium and is said to have previously been called Doemen. The ownership of Horrig now passed to him, whose ancestors were not known. It was only a part of the agricultural property that previously belonged together, but the formerly existing Horrig Castle must have stood on this part, as can be seen from the fact that next to the smaller house that was built through the new building, which kept the name Horrig, a smaller one Remainder of the previous building has remained. The Horrig estate was passed on to her youngest son Franz Wilhelm Doemens (* March 6, 1795, † July 23, 1856); and he married Anna Katharina Reiners, also called Reinartz, who died on March 3rd, 1839. Four sons and four daughters were born.

In the 19th century the property was divided and around 1900 the remains of the castle and the associated mill were owned by a Doemens family from Geilenkirchen.

In the immediate vicinity of the former Horrig house, between Süggerath and Tripsrath, there is a wooded area called Musses . Already in 1218 the archbishop of Cologne confirmed Engelbert I. the purchase of 120 acre farmland of the goods "Munen" by the convent Heinsberg . This is said to be the later "Musses Laendereien", west of Süggerath between Bergerhof and the former Horrig house. The farmstead fell into disrepair at an unknown time, but is still entered on a map by geometer H. Busch from around 1770.

Church of the Holy Cross

The church is a three-aisled brick hall church from 1875; the building was renovated after the war in 1947. In place of this new building there was already a church in earlier times, which probably belonged to the nearby Wylichs Hof estate . The choir of the old church (around 1500) was included in the new building. The bell used in the new building from 1875 was from 1498.

Of particular artistic importance is in the parish -based Antwerp altarpiece from the 16th century. It is unclear who commissioned this high-quality work. What is certain is that in 1533, almost at the time the reredos were made, 125 communicants lived in Süggerath, which is roughly the number of inhabitants at the time. The former Süggerather were considered obedient by the authorities. A little later, in 1559, a Johann von Waldenrode is mentioned as a chaplain in Süggerath. Johann previously studied in Deventer for two years .

Web links

Commons : Süggerath  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wilhelm Piepers, Archeology in the district of Heinsberg I, series of publications of the district of Heinsberg 5, 1989, pages 417-418
  2. ↑ Main State Archives Düsseldorf, certificate Hs.NI 6 VI 1
  3. ↑ Handbook of the Prussian State, alphabetical index of all localities and individual properties of the whole pr. Monarchy, author G. König, self-distribution, Magdeburg 1838
  4. ↑ Handbook of the Diocese of Aachen 1962
  5. ↑ Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Forces, Evaluation and Dissemination Section, G-2 (Counter Intelligence Subdivision): The Hitler Jugend (The Hitler Youth Organization). 1945, p. A127 , accessed on February 12, 2017 (English).
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 310 .
  7. ↑ Archives NRW; UK / 4 April 13, 1104
  8. ↑ Annals of the Historical Association for the Lower Rhine, Volume 180, page 93
  9. ↑ Kunstdenkmäler der Rheinprovinz, Renard, 1900 and Georg Dehio, Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, North Rhine-Westphalia I. Rhineland, page 598
  10. ↑ Document dated June 27, 1533 and document dated November 3, 1559, printed in “Jülich-Bergische Kirchenpolitik at the end of the Middle Ages into the Reformation period” Volume 1 Otto R. Redlich, Bonn 1911