SMS Friedrich Carl (1867)
 The SMS Friedrich Carl
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SMS Friedrich Carl was an armored frigate of the Navy of the North German Confederation and later of the Imperial Navy .
The Friedrich Carl , a battery ship 2nd rank, was built as a transverse and longitudinal frame iron construction at the Societé Nouvelles des Forges et Chantiers La Seyne in Toulon ( France ) from 1866 to 1867 and was a design by the shipyard. The frames of the ship were made of iron, the planking of teak , and the armor of the battery and the construction waterline of wrought iron.
Technical specifications
The ship had a Bark rigging m² with a sail area of of 2010. It was also equipped with a horizontal, two-cylinder single expansion machine, which acted on a four-winged screw 6.0 meters in diameter. The steam was generated by a total of six suitcase boilers with 26 firings in two boiler rooms one behind the other. The system developed 950 nominal HP , which corresponded to a design output of 3300 indexed HP and gave the ship a top speed of 13.0 knots . During the mile drive, even 3550 indexed horsepower and a speed of 13.5 knots were achieved. The Friedrich Carl was considered an excellent seagoing ship, which maneuvered well and turned mediocre. In order to drive straight ahead, however, the rudder had to be turned up to 6 ° to port.
Intended for 26 drawn 72-pounders, the ship was instead armed with 14 21.0 cm L / 19 ring cannons in the battery, as well as 2 21.0 cm L / 22 ring cannons on the upper deck, one each at the bow and one at the stern. These were towed breech loaders with a round wedge lock from the Krupp company . From 1895 the ship no longer carried cannons.
history
In October 1867, during the crossing to Germany, the ship lost two of its masts in the Bay of Biscay and called for repairs in Plymouth , where the lost masts were replaced by new steel tubes. They could also be used to channel stale air from the interior of the ship to the outside. In 1869, the three armored ships König Wilhelm , Kronprinz and Friedrich Carl carried out maneuvers together in the Baltic Sea . On May 15, Friedrich Carl ran aground near Langeland and had to be towed to Kiel . To repair the heavily damaged propeller, the ship then continued to Portsmouth , where the damage was only temporarily repaired. In the summer of 1870 the ironclad ships under the command of Prince Adalbert were to undertake a major training voyage to carry out maneuvers in the Azores . After they received news in Plymouth about the looming Franco-Prussian War , they quickly returned to Wilhelmshaven, where they arrived on July 16, 1870. During the war, the Friedrich Carl surrendered her rigging down to the masts and, as part of the main squadron of the Navy of the North German Confederation, guarded the Weser and Jade estuaries . Also due to the reduced operational capability due to the damage, the ship did not take part in any military action.
In 1872 the Friedrich Carl was designated as the flagship of the Reichsgeschwader , which, under the command of the then sea captain Reinhold Werner, was to carry out a circumnavigation planned to strengthen the reputation of the German Empire founded in 1871 from 1872 to 1874 . On October 12, 1872, the Friedrich Carl ran together with the covered corvette Elisabeth and the gunboat Albatross from Kiel to the West Indies . With the stationary Vineta and Gazelle there , the circumnavigation of the world was planned with a duration of 3 years. After visits to Venezuela , Colombia and Haiti, these plans were then rejected on March 10, 1873 in Havana because of the outbreak of the Third Carlist War and the founding of the First Spanish Republic . Friedrich Carl returned to Europe with the other ships, with the exception of the Albatross , and after a brief period of maintenance in Plymouth off the Spanish coast, where she clashed with regionalist insurgents from Cartagena, served as the flagship of the German squadron. Werner was recalled for the detachment of the Vitoria tank frigate , which contradicted the prescribed neutrality .
From 1879 to 1882 the Friedrich Carl was used as the flagship of the respective training squadron in the annual fleet maneuvers . In 1892 the Friedrich Carl collided with the armored ship Württemberg , was decommissioned and converted into a torpedo test ship that was used at the torpedo station in Flensburg - Mürwik .
Whereabouts
From 1895 on, the Friedrich Carl served as a torpedo test ship and from 1902 also as a port ship. In the same year the ship was renamed Neptun to clear the name for the new armored cruiser Friedrich Carl . As a torpedo test ship, Friedrich Carl was replaced by the liner SMS Schwaben in 1904 . On July 22, 1905, the ship was removed from the list of warships and in 1906 sold for 284,000 marks and broken up in the Netherlands .
literature
- Erich Gröner, Dieter Jung, Martin Maass: The German warships 1815-1945 , Volume 1. 2. unchanged edition. Bernard & Graefe Verlag, Koblenz 1989. ISBN 3-7637-4800-8
- Mirko Graetz: Prince Adalbert's forgotten fleet. The North German Federal Navy 1867–1871. Lulu Enterprises Inc. Morrisville, NC (USA) 2008, ISBN 978-1-4092-2509-6 , p. 58
- Clas Broder Hansen: Germany will become a sea power . Urbes Verlag, Graefelfing 1991. ISBN 3-924896-23-2
- Hans Jürgen Hansen: The ships of the German fleets 1848-1945 . Urbes Verlag, Graefelfing 1998. ISBN 3-86047-329-8
- Paul Schmalenbach: The history of the German ship artillery . Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1993. ISBN 3-7822-0577-4
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Flensburger Tageblatt : 150 years Flensburger Tageblatt: When Flensburg set the tone , from: April 28, 2015; accessed on: September 23, 2019
- ↑ 100 years of naval telecommunications training in Flensburg-Mürwik , accessed on: September 23, 2019