Scharnhorstgymnasium Hildesheim

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Scharnhorstgymnasium
SHG Logo.png
type of school high school
founding 1885
address

Stone pit 19

place Hildesheim
country Lower Saxony
Country Germany
Coordinates 52 ° 9 '7 "  N , 9 ° 57' 52"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 9 '7 "  N , 9 ° 57' 52"  E
carrier City of Hildesheim
student 662 (August 2013)
Teachers 69 (including trainee lawyers)
management Marcus Krettek
Website www.scharnhorstgymnasium.de

The Scharnhorstgymnasium Hildesheim (SHG) is a state high school in Hildesheim . The school authority is the city of Hildesheim. It is attended by 662 students who are taught by 69 teachers. The school is the only grammar school named after Gerhard von Scharnhorst .

profile

According to the original school form of the Realgymnasium , special emphasis is traditionally given at the Scharnhorstgymnasium to the realities , i.e. mathematics, natural sciences and, in a broader sense, also the living languages. In the Hildesheim school landscape it traditionally enjoyed the reputation of being the mathematics and science school. In addition to English and French, the foreign language courses also always included Latin. Furthermore, Spanish and, as a study group, Greek is also offered. The SHG is a model school in Lower Saxony for the buddy project .

history

The first school building at Dammtor on a postcard from 1904

Origin as an offshoot of the andreanum

As a result of the demand from business and the bourgeoisie for greater consideration of directly “useful, practical” subjects (i.e. the so-called realities ) in the curriculum, separate “real classes” for quarta, tertia and secondary were set up at the Andreanum as early as Michaelis 1849. The establishment of an “independent real class system” requested by the director was approved by the school administration of the Kingdom of Hanover for the school year 1850/51 . In 1864 real classes followed for the lower grades and in 1868 a “real” prima. On September 21, 1868, the royal provincial school board of Hanover approved the elevation of these real classes to a " Realschule 1st order". Their main foreign language was still Latin. Since the qualification obtained in this school branch corresponded without restriction to the Abitur in the classic branch, the influx into the real classes was so great that the Andreanum had to move to a new building at Friesentor in 1869 and the headmaster asked for permission to set up parallel classes in this school branch . From the early 1870s, due to the steadily growing shortage of space, the call for a separation of the school branches arose, but could not prevail for a decade against the raised concerns - feared lowering of the reality branch, abandoning the goal of comprehensive education, promoting purely materialistic thinking . It was not until 1883 that the Prussian state implemented this idea and converted the “Realschule” into an independent institution. This was given to the building of the former industrial school on Dammtor after the city ​​council of Hildesheim had contractually handed this property over to the Prussian state government and provided the necessary expansion and renovation of the building. The opening ceremony took place on April 15, 1885. On April 23, the school was renamed Königliches Andreas- Realgymnasium by ministerial decree . The mathematician and natural scientist Gustav Adolf Kalckhoff was appointed the first headmaster of the new grammar school on June 10, 1885.

Development up to the outbreak of the First World War

On February 1, 1886, the school had 186 students in nine classes, most of them of Protestant denomination and a good half of them living in Hildesheim. Later this year, students, teachers, and alumni will raise funds to purchase a school flag as a symbol of togetherness. This school flag is one of the few testimonies to the founding time that has survived to the present day and that is still in the custody of the school. From 1887 a separate annual school festival took place.

As long as there were no differences in the curriculum of the lower grades, many students of the andreanum who struggled with the Greek switched to the middle grades of the Realgymnasium. From 1893, however, the change between the school types was blocked by the reorganization of the young school into a reform high school: This was accompanied by a change in the language sequence according to the Altona system . The first foreign language at the Realgymnasium from Sexta was then French, followed by English from Quarta. In addition to the Real Gymnasium , a six-year Latin-free Realschule was built from 1896 onwards, which extended to Untersekunda (established in 1898). Students from both branches attended the lower grades together. Latin lessons were only given to students in the secondary school from lower secondary school.

As early as 1890, space in the new school was again becoming scarce. Despite the misappropriation of specialist rooms as classrooms and the total use of every room at every hour, the conditions around 1900 were so cramped that more than half of 80 sextans had to be turned away. Concrete plans to add floors to the school building were completed in 1905, but were only implemented from 1909 onwards. In 1910 the renovation was finally finished. Each class now had its own room and specialist rooms were again available as such. Around the same time the connection to the electricity supply took place. The joy lasted only for a very short time, and space problems arose again as early as 1911.

Own gym received the school 1895. 1908 a high school seminar for teacher training was developed by student teachers established, which existed until the 1,931th In 1909/1910 the school fees for the upper classes were increased from 130 to 150 marks per year. In 1911, 435 students attended the institute, 73 of them in the upper secondary school classes. The composition of the student body had not changed significantly.

In 1912 there was another reform of the foreign language sequence according to the Frankfurt Plan . For the students in the grammar school branch, Latin was taught as a second foreign language from lower secondary and English was only taught as a third foreign language and only from lower secondary. In addition, the provincial school council approved an amount of 2300 marks that year for the installation of a water flush in the lavatory and approved that lessons from May 1st to October 1st could begin at seven o'clock.

From the beginning of the First World War to the end of the Weimar Republic

Student hat for the senior class , around 1930

Right at the beginning of the First World War , a total of 50 students volunteered to take up arms. On August 6, 7, 14 and 15, 1914, the first emergency maturity examinations were held for 26 senior and six lower primaries. Such final exams were repeated at ever shorter intervals. In the end there was no more top prima. The shortage of male teachers could only be compensated for by female teachers. The remaining students signed war bonds a total of nine times - the penultimate collected 70,612 RM, the last only 36,922 RM - and participated in material collections. At the beginning of the war, a “youth army” was formed from the school's scout corps, whose members were among other things employed as harvest workers. The pedagogical seminar dissolved immediately at the beginning of the war; it did not continue its work until 1919. The end of the war and with it the German monarchy brought a change of the school name, from 1918 on it was just Staatliches Andreas-Realgymnasium . A total of 164 students lost their lives in this war, 150 of them were volunteers.

On August 21, 1920, on the initiative of the teacher and former student Wilhelm Tischbein, the Association of Former Students of the Andreas Realgymnasium with Realschule was founded , which as an association of alumni and friends of the Scharnhorstgymnasium e. V. exists to the present day. In the same year, the association donated a plaque to the school with the names of the fallen students. It was designed by the architect Küsthard, a former student, and unveiled in the auditorium on the Sunday of the Dead in 1922 after a service in the Michaeliskirche . In the same year a school group of the Verein für das Deutschtum Abroad was founded , which among other things collected 2,000 marks for the German school system in Poznan in 1924 .

In 1923 the order of languages ​​was changed again, English became the first foreign language from sixth grade, followed by French from lower secondary school and Latin for high school students from lower secondary level.

After the Andreanum, which was suffering from a decline in pupils, had its own secondary school once again attached to it in 1921, a ministerial decree in 1925 took into account Hildesheim's demand for an upper secondary school and ordered the school to be converted into one - without Latin as a compulsory foreign language. Despite the protests of all groups involved in school life, this could not be prevented, but only postponed for a year, began at Easter 1926 and was completed in 1929. Associated with this was another renaming of the school, now it was called the Staatliche Andreas-Oberrealschule . Latin lessons continued to be offered as an elective from the upper secondary level. From 1926 the school fee was 200 marks a year.

In 1928, the upper classes were also moved into two classes and, due to lack of space, four classes of the lower grades were moved to the building of the grammar school seminar on Pfaffenstieg. After the establishment of modern specialist rooms for biology, physics, chemistry and art in the main building, five more classes were relocated there in 1931. In the 1920s the average number of students was 550 in 15 classes.

time of the nationalsocialism

After the seizure of power , the headmaster Scherwatzky , who was critical of National Socialism , was transferred to another school on October 16, 1933. Complaints from a spontaneously formed delegation of primates at the Reich Ministry of Culture were unsuccessful. In 1934 only two teachers took part in a “course to retrain teachers for the new state”. However, one of these teachers himself led the first course of this kind in Einbeck the following year .

After the introduction of the State Youth Day and a third gymnastics lesson, lessons were cut in some subjects in 1935. In the same year, officer applicants were given the opportunity to take an early matriculation examination , and as a result, emergency matriculation examinations became part of everyday life again, as they did after the beginning of the First World War. As in the past , schoolchildren were drawn in to collections and to work in agriculture, but most recently also in the “military service” in industry, for example in the Bosch factories .

School camps were increasingly integrated into the lessons and teachers were trained in teacher camps. For trainee lawyers, participation in a trainee show became mandatory. In these camps, among other things, target practice with the two small-bore rifles available to the school took place. Meanwhile, the alumni association financed and organized the celebrations for the 50th school anniversary. In 1937 the school was converted into a high school. The upper prima was dropped, so the Abitur was now taken a year earlier. French was no longer taught, but a fourth and fifth gymnastics lesson was introduced. The new school name was Andreas Oberschule . On February 1, 1938, the school had 461 students, five of whom were Jewish . Almost all “Aryan” pupils belonged to the National Socialist youth associations, with the exception of only those who were not yet old enough for the young people . Almost a third were Jungvolk or Hitler Youth leaders. The extra-curricular stress on these students and the associated drop in their performance led to complaints from parents to the headmaster. Tensions arose between the Hitler Youth and the school management when the school subsequently proceeded less generously when it came to taking leave of absence from the Führer camps. From Easter 1938, the school was by Gerhard von Scharnhorst the name Scharnhorst School - School for Boys . Religious instruction was last given in 1939, for which an oral matriculation examination in the subject “Racial Studies” was compulsory.

At least five students or alumni were murdered:

  • Albert Blank, born October 10, 1872 in Steinhude, attended school from 1884 to 1885, deported on July 15, 1942 to the Theresienstadt ghetto, murdered there on July 31, 1942
  • Sally Friedheim, born September 29, 1876 in Münder am Deister, attended school from 1891 to 1897, imprisoned on May 28, 1942 in the Dresden police prison, murdered there on June 12, 1942
  • Hugo Leon, born June 16, 1871 in Hanover, attended school from 1880 to 1885, deported from Hamburg-Kiel on July 19, 1942 to the Theresienstadt ghetto, murdered there on April 9, 1944
  • Kurt Palmbaum, born January 12, 1924 in Hildesheim, attended school from 1934 to 1938, was deported by Ahlem (near Hanover) to Warsaw on March 31, 1942, where he was murdered
  • Robert Schönenberg, born May 31, 1922 in Hildesheim, attended school from 1932 to 1938, escaped to Holland, interned in the Westerbork camp, murdered on July 2, 1941 in Mauthausen concentration camp

Karl Stamm, born March 15, 1867 in Hedemünden, attended school from 1884 to 1886, escaped persecution on October 28, 1941 in Hamburg by suicide.

The association of alumni and friends of the Scharnhorstgymnasium zu Hildesheim e. V. has decided to have stumbling blocks laid for these students .

Apart from Kurt Palmbaum and Robert Schönenberg had to leave the school:

  • Hugo Meyerhof, born August 29, 1924 in Hildesheim, attended school from 1935 to November 9, 1938 ("departed according to decree"), attended boarding school in Canterbury and died there in 1939. The parents perished in Auschwitz.
  • Fritz Palmbaum, born April 13, 1922 in Hildesheim, attended school from 1932 to 1938, fled via England to Australia and lived there as Fred Palmer. Parents and brother Kurt (see above) were murdered in Warsaw.
  • Hans Rosenberg, born May 4, 1925 in Hildesheim, attended school from 1935 to 1938
  • Hans Roth, born May 6, 1925 in Messingwerk, Eberswalde district, attended school from 1935 to June 30, 1938. Hans Roth was considered a “half-Jew”, his denomination was Protestant.
  • Ernest C. Schlesinger , born November 25, 1925 in Hildesheim, † March 3, 2008 in New London, Connecticut, attended school from 1936 to November 15, 1938
  • Günther Stern , born January 14, 1922 in Hildesheim, attended school from 1932 to September 30, 1937, his parents made it possible for him to emigrate to North America; he was the only one who survived.

The alumni association would like to remember these students with a memorial plaque in the entrance area of ​​the school and thus symbolically take them back into the school community.

During the Second World War , the increasingly frequent warnings of air raids from 1942 onwards increasingly disrupted teaching. Teachers and students carried out night air raid protection in the school buildings. From 1943, upper school students were deployed as air force helpers in the class in the Hanover area, lessons and even school-leaving examinations were held between the missions by teachers who moved from position to position. In Faßberg near Celle, tenth grade students were awarded the Iron Cross for killing low-flying aircraft . Up until September 1944, all of Hildesheim's remaining high school students were taught in a single, two-year class at the Scharnhorst School, when this was also closed.

Both school buildings were completely destroyed in the air raid by the British Royal Air Force on March 22, 1945 . Only part of the teachers' library and school files and the school flag could be recovered. These leftovers were stored in a basement room in the main building and further decimated by theft. In the ruins of the auditorium, the burned-out memorial plaque for the fallen of the First World War remained visible for years. HJlers sent to work on the collapsing western front were brought home by their teacher at the last minute. 242 students lost their lives in the war.

post war period

The "Lodge"

Schools were resumed in numerous emergency quarters in the summer of 1945. These included the building of the Hildesheim Freemasons' Lodge , the former Dompropstei in Keßlerstrasse . Initially, the living room of the acting headmaster Otto Kaufmann served as the secretariat. The Scharnhorst School received furniture and teaching aids from the Robert Koch School (Clausthal-Zellerfeld) . In October 1947, the Alumni Association was re-established with the permission of the British Military Government. From December 1st of this year, full lessons could be given again for all classes. The first parent councils were elected that same month. On February 1, 1948, the school had 642 students, 140 of whom were refugees. In the same year, the reconstruction of the school building on Pfaffenstieg began. On June 6, 1950, this was available to 15 classes, the remaining five had to stay in the "box". New timetables were introduced in 1949. After that, English remained the first foreign language from grade five, and in grade seven you could choose between French and Latin as a second foreign language. In 1953, the twelfth grade was continued as grade 13 and thus the nine-year high school time was restored.

In 1955, the number of pupils, which had risen to 858 in 27 classes, gave rise to plans for a new building. After an architectural competition was organized in 1957, it was decided to build a new building on the site of the destroyed stone pit barracks. Their canteen building, which is right next to the new domicile, was retained and was later used as a house for young people (meanwhile: multi-generation house, today: community center). Classes for which there was already too little space in the new building found shelter there at times. The move into the new building, which ended a decades-long distribution of the school over several locations, took place on September 29, 1959 with 30 classes. On September 3, 1960, the alumni association handed over a memorial room to the school, which is dedicated to the purpose of keeping the names of all fallen pupils and to clarify the historical connections "that caused the sacrifice of their lives". The agreement between the countries of the Federal Republic to unify in the field of education from 1955 was in 1965, according to the Hamburg Agreement , among other things, the date last renaming the school result since it bears the present name.

In 1957 the Scharnhorst student Hans-Gerd Born went down with the Pamir .

From 1965 to the centenary in 1985

In 1966 the high school graduate class of the Andreanum was transferred to the SHG, remained there for three years and was then passed on to the Himmelsthür grammar school . The coeducation was introduced 1,971th

As early as 1979 the first computer system with four terminals was installed and IT courses were started.

In 1980, the east orientation level was set up in the extension that was actually built for the upper level . This settlement of an OS in the building of a secondary school contradicted the customary practice in the country. The school reform on which it is based was seen by the teaching staff as unnecessary. Later, some of the SHG teachers also taught at OS Ost.

In 1985 the school celebrated its 100th anniversary with a festival week from September 17th to 24th. On September 21st there was a ceremony in the Hildesheim City Theater followed by a reception in the auditorium and a ball in the Berghölzchen . A project week was organized for the first time in the anniversary year . In addition, a separate IT room with 15 devices was set up and the school took part in a model test for the use of computers in mathematics and physics classes. In 1986 the school and the alumni association jointly published the school's annual report for the first time. This year, a teacher from the school also opened the biological school garden on Steinberg .

From 1985 to 2004

In 1987, computer science was introduced as an optional subject , i.e. with performance evaluation. In the French foreign language competition, eighth grade pupils won a national victory. In the following year, the rumor caused uncertainty that a merger of the school with the Goethegymnasium was planned. This year, five students were honored in the national mathematics competition. In 1989 there were two national winners from Scharnhorstgymnasium. For their description of their impressions of the student exchange with the Exeter School , which will celebrate its 25th anniversary the following year, students receive a certificate from the Minister of Education.

In 1990 there was a winning record in the national mathematics competition with three first, two second and one third place. The alumni association celebrated its 70th anniversary this year.

In 1991 there was a record participation in “Jugend forscht”. There was also a winner in the national foreign language competition. In the following year, the Scharnhorstgymnasium was the only school in the state to make two of the national winners. The student exchange with Angoulême took place for the tenth time, the exchange with the Lycée de Balzac again a year later for the 25th time.

After part of the asphalt schoolyard was converted into a dry biotope , the Scharnhorstgymnasium became the official contact school for environmental education in 1993. In 1994 a student won the national title for the fourth time in the subject English and another national victory in the French subject. This year there were two national winners at “Jugend forscht”.

For the first time in 1996 a group of students visited the Iambi Secondary School in Tanzania. The language laboratory, which had been in ruins for a long time, was converted into a school library, which was opened on July 14, 1997 by the chairman of the alumni association. In 1996 and 1997 the school received special awards in the “Jugend forscht” competition. In 1998 239 works were submitted to this competition. The school also presented winners at the International Biology Olympiad. In addition, the girls' volleyball team became state winners in the “Youth trained for the Olympics”.

Main entrance of the Scharnhorstgymnasium, 2007

In 1999, a group of students installed a photovoltaic system on the school's flat roof. In a sponsored run, pupils received the sum of DM 13,000 for the partner school in Iambi. The following year the school sent an aid transport there. Again this year there was a national winner at “Jugend forscht” from Scharnhorstgymnasium; the following year the school received another special award. The participation in a project of the Kulturfabrik Löseke led to the embellishment of the school facade in 2001 with a mural at the main entrance.

In 2004, two new specialist rooms were built on the top floor of the school building, which was largely unused. The school presented ten winners in the national mathematics competition, three of them first places. There were also winners at “Jugend forscht” and other prizes at the federal political competition. Senior Director of Studies Rainer Dierkes handed over the management of the school to his successor after 21 years. Reinhard Sell became the new headmaster.

From 2004

After abolishing the orientation level in Lower Saxony on July 31, 2004, the Scharnhorstgymnasium set up its own fifth and sixth classes again after 25 years.

In addition to the introduction of the central high school diploma, the year 2006 brought a redesign of the school website and again numerous prizes at “Jugend forscht” and at the Chemistry Olympiad. The initiator of the competition in the natural sciences, Otto May , received an award from the Lower Saxony Metal Foundation. For the first time, junior companies were established at the school.

As part of a project week before the 2007 summer vacation, the school building was extensively modernized and redesigned by students, teachers and parents. In addition to the renovation of all classrooms, the auditorium was also equipped with a modern light and sound system for a wide variety of occasions. A student won the gold medal at the Computer Science Olympiad in Zagreb . 39 entries were submitted to “Jugend forscht”. The Scharnhorstgymnasium was next to two other schools in the finals for “The Youth Research School 2007”. On August 1, 2007, like all schools in Lower Saxony , it became an independent school and received a school board .

A study group consisting of students from grades 7–12 built a gyroplane in 2008, supported by the Hildesheim company AutoGyro . The Minister of Education, Elisabeth Heister-Neumann , took part in the maiden flight . The RTL regional program reported on the project . The Buddy-AG began with the training of its own offspring from grades 5 and 6. The school developed a mission statement and applied for the conversion into an open all-day school .

The approval for this was granted by the Ministry of Education and Cultural Affairs on March 27, 2009 with effect from August 1, 2009. On the same day, as part of the shortening of the grammar school period to twelve years, a double year group entered the qualification phase of the upper level.

Mural on the administration wing

At the beginning of September 2010, the side wall of the administration wing was again given a mural on which such pictures have a long tradition, but which was recently whitened in the course of renovation work.

School anniversary celebrations

The Scharnhorstgymnasium celebrated its 125th anniversary from September 4th to December 6th, 2010 with a ceremony in the city theater, a school festival with alumni, an excursion by the entire school to Bremen and numerous lectures and theater performances.

School partnerships

The SHG maintains school partnerships with the Exeter School in Exeter , the Lycée Guez de Balzac in Angoulême (since 1967) and the Iambi Secondary School in Tanzania (since 1985). There are also partnerships within the framework of the Comenius program with schools in Austria , Italy , Poland and Hungary .

Alumni Association

Former students and teachers as well as friends of the school are members of the Association of Alumni and Friends of the Scharnhorstgymnasium zu Hildesheim e. V. , which also celebrated its 90th anniversary as part of the 2010 school anniversary. The association supports the school financially and with advice and action.

In cooperation with the school, the alumni association organizes an annual "science evening" at which students report on their successful work in the individual science competitions, a "career information evening" at which a large number of speakers from a wide variety of professional areas answer questions from the students , as well as a study information day since 2008.

Well-known teachers and students

literature

  • Gerhard Bratsch (Hrsg.): 75 years Scharnhorstschule Hildesheim New language and mathematical and natural science high school for boys. Hildesheim 1960, DNB 454310943 .
  • Martin Dittmann (Ed.): Festschrift for the 100th anniversary of the Scharnhorstgymnasium Hildesheim. Gerstenberg Brothers Printing House, Hildesheim 1985.
  • Scharnhorstgymnasium Hildesheim (Ed.): 125 years 1885 to 2010 Scharnhorstgymnasium Hildesheim. Self-published, Hildesheim 2010.
  • Manfred Overesch : Hildesheim 1945-2000. New big city on old walls. Olms, Hildesheim / Zurich / New York 2006, ISBN 3-487-13266-4 .

Web links

Commons : Scharnhorstgymnasium Hildesheim  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.scharnhorstgymnasium.de/schule/informationen.html
  2. ↑ http://www.scharnhorstgymnasium.de/schule/informationen.html
  3. ↑ https://www.hildesheimer-allgemeine.de/news/article/scharnhorstgymnasium-hat-einen-neuen-leiter.html
  4. ↑ a b c main albums with the school career of all students of the Andreanum and the Scharnhorstgymnasium, as far as still available (recording years 1880 to 1913 and 1925 to 1938); researched by Hartmut Häger
  5. ↑ The way of counting was exactly the opposite of today's.
  6. ↑ Hildesheimer Allgemeine Zeitung of September 21, 2007.
  7. ↑ The history section is based on the article "From the Chronicle of the School" in: Martin Dittmann † (Ed.): Festschrift for the 100th anniversary of the Scharnhorstgymnasium Hildesheim , unless otherwise stated . Druckhaus Gebrüder Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 1985 as well as on the article "75 years of the way of a school" in: Gerhard Bratsch (Hrsg.): 75 years Scharnhorstschule Hildesheim New language and mathematical and natural science high school for boys. Hildesheim 1960, pp. 23-43.
  8. ↑ see also Hildesheimer Allgemeine Zeitung of March 22, 2008, p. 13.
  9. ↑ Unless otherwise stated, the presentation of the school history after 1985 is based on the contribution by Friedrich-Wilhelm Ahlborn and Reinhard Sell From the school's chronicle - continued in: Scharnhorstgymnasium Hildesheim (Ed.): 125 years 1885 to 2010 Scharnhorstgymnasium Hildesheim. Self-published, Hildesheim 2010 , pp. 47–60 /