Schnorrenbach

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Schnorrenbach
community Birkenau
Coordinates: 49 ° 33 ′ 17 "  N , 8 ° 45 ′ 41"  E
Height : 391 m above sea level NN
Residents : 26  (1829)
Postal code : 69488
Area code : 06201
View to the north on Schnorrenbach; in the background on the left the Weschnitz Valley and on the right the 577 meter high Tromm
View from the saddle height of the district road in front of Schnorrenbach to the east of the slopes of the Götzenstein

Schnorrenbach is a hamlet in the district of Löhrbach in the municipality of Birkenau in the Bergstrasse district in southern Hesse .

Geographical location

Schnorrenbach is located north of Löhrbach in the western Odenwald near the Bergstrasse in the headwaters of the Mumbach , a left eastern tributary of the Weschnitz . The hamlet essentially consists of three scattered farms. Schnorrenbach is framed by the wooded heights of the Kisselbusch (502 meters) in the west and the Götzenstein (522 meters) in the east.

history

Schnorrenbach originated in the area of ​​the former "Mark Heppenheim" which designated an administrative district of the Franconian Empire . On January 20, 773, Charlemagne donated the city of Heppenheim and its district, the extensive "Mark Heppenheim", to the imperial monastery of Lorsch . From here the reclamation and settlement of the area was carried out, including the Weschnitz valley with its side valleys. The heyday of the Lorsch Monastery, in whose area Weiher was located, was followed by its decline in the 11th and 12th centuries. In 1232 Lorsch was subordinated to the Archdiocese of Mainz . In 1461, Kurmainz pledged these properties to the Electoral Palatinate . This changed to the Protestant faith in 1556 and closed the monastery in 1564.

In 1267, a burgrave is mentioned for the first time on the Starkenburg (via Heppenheim), who also administered the “Office Starkenburg” , which included Weiher. The Mörlenbach district developed as a court of the "lower jurisdiction" and a subordinate administrative unit. The oldest surviving descriptions date from 1504 and 1654. In 1654 Schnorrenbach was mentioned as part of the Zent .

The first known written mention of Schnorr Bach took place in 1344, when the Archbishop Henry of Mainz the knight Ganwer of Heppenheim with 13 Malter oats from Schnorr Bach belehnte , previously Ulrich von Lindenfels held. In 1424 the farm in Schnorrenbach was then given out as a fiefdom from the Starkenburg .

In the course of the Mainz collegiate feud , which was fateful for Kurmainz , the office of Starkenburg was pledged redeemable to Electoral Palatinate in 1461 and then remained in the Palatinate for 160 years.

During the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), Spanish troops of the “Catholic League” conquered the region and in 1623 restored the rule of Kurmainz. As a result, the Reformation introduced by the Count Palatine was largely reversed and the population had to return to the Catholic faith. Although the Spanish troops withdrew from the approaching Swedes after 10 years, after the catastrophic defeat of the Evangelicals in the Nördlingen in 1634, the Swedes also left the Bergstrasse and with the Swedish-French War began the bloodiest chapter of the Thirty Years' War from 1635. The chroniclers of that time report from the region: "Plague and hunger rage in the country and decimate the population, so that the villages are often completely empty". With the Peace of Westphalia of 1648, the redemption of the pledge was finally established.

The following was handed down from the year 1654: A farm in Schnorrenbach is a Freihof but not exempt from valuation and half a Hube belonged to Mackenheim and the thirtieth tenth belonged to the Lorsch Monastery.

When there was a restructuring in the area of ​​the Kurmainzer Amt Starkenburg in 1782 , the area of ​​the office was divided into the four subordinate district bailiffs Heppenheim, Bensheim, Lorsch and Fürth and the office was renamed Oberamt. The Zente Abtsteinach , Fürth and Mörlenbach where Schnorr Bach was who were Amtsvogtei Fürth subordinated and had to give up their powers largely. Although the central order with the central school remained formally in place, it could only carry out the orders of the higher authorities ( Oberamt Starkenburg , Unteramt Fürth). The “Oberamt Starkenburg” administratively belonged to the “Lower Archbishopric” of the Electorate of Mainz .

In 1812 Konrad Dahl reported in his historical-topographical-statistical description of the principality of Lorsch, or church history of the Upper Rhinegau, about Schnorrbach as the place of the "Zent Mörlenbach":

“Schnorrbach a hamlet of 2 farms and 23 selenium. 1 hour from Mörlenbach. In the latter two places (Mackenheim and Schnorrbach), the Lorsch head shop has only ½ of the toe. "

As a result of the Napoleonic Wars , Schnorrenbach came to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt in 1803, which became part of the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1806 .

There in 1821, as part of a comprehensive administrative reform, the district bailiffs in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse were dissolved and district districts were introduced, with Schnorrenbach joining the district of Lindenfels . As part of this reform, regional courts were also created, which were now independent of the administration. The district court districts corresponded in scope to the district council districts and the district court of Fürth was responsible as the court of first instance for the district of Lindenfels . This reform also arranged the administrative administration at the municipal level. The mayor's office in Weiher was also responsible for Mackenheim and Schnorrenbach. According to the municipal ordinance of June 30, 1821, there were no longer appointments of mayors , but an elected local council, which was composed of a mayor, aldermen and council.

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Schnorrenbach in 1829:

"Schnorrebach (L. Bez. Lindenfels) hamlet, is located 2 1 ⁄ 2   St. from Lindenfels, belongs to the district of Mackenheim, and has 3 houses and 26 Catholic. Residents. In 1802 the town came from Mainz to Hesse. "

Even after that, Schnorrenbach was always integrated into the boundary of a neighboring town.

The latest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states from 1845 states:

“Schnorrenbach near Lindenfels. - Hamlet for evangelism. Parish Birkenau resp. Catholic parish of Abtsteinach. - 3 H. 2 E. - Grand Duchy of Hesse. - Prov. Starkenburg. - Heppenheim district. - Landger. Fuerth. - Darmstadt Court of Justice. The hamlet of Schnorrenbach, which forms a community with Mackenheim, was transferred from Mainz to Hesse in 1802. "

The population and cadastral lists recorded in December 1852 showed for Weiher: The hamlet with 22 inhabitants forms a district with Vöckelsbach .

In the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, based on December 1867, the “Schnorrenbacher Höfe” in the Vöckelsbach district of the Mackenheim municipality with the mayor's office in Ober-Abtsteinach , 2 houses, 22 inhabitants, the Lindenfels district, the Fürth district court, the Protestant parish Wald-Michelbach of the deanery Lindenfels and the Catholic parish of Ober-Abtsteinach of the deanery Heppenheim.

Schnorrenbach was an exclave part of the municipality of Mackenheim , which lies on the other side of the neighboring village to the east of Vöckelsbach . Therefore, on the occasion of the regional reform in Hesse on December 31, 1971 , the hamlet with the municipality of Mackenheim initially became part of the new municipality of Abtsteinach . A little later, on August 1, 1972, the exclave (corridor 5 of the Mackenheim district) was reclassified to the municipality of Birkenau by the law on the reorganization of the Bergstrasse district . Since then, the area around Schnorrenbach has been hallway 9 of the Löhrbach district .

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Schnorrenbach was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

See Löhrbach for further development.

Transport and infrastructure

Schnorrenbach is accessible to road traffic through Kreisstraße 6, which comes from Löhrbach and ends here.

In Schnorrenbach there is a winter sports area at an altitude of 400 to 500 meters with a 450 meter long downhill slope and ski lift. In summer the area can be used for grass skiing .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Schnorrenbach, Bergstrasse district. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of June 11, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on March 24, 2014 .
  2. ^ A b Wilhelm Müller: Hessian place names book: Starkenburg . Ed .: Historical Commission for the People's State of Hesse. tape 1 . Self-published, Darmstadt 1937, DNB  366995820 , OCLC 614375103 , p. 636-637 .
  3. ^ Johann Konrad Dahl: Historical-topographical-statistical description of the principality of Lorsch or church history of the Upper Rhinegau . Darmstadt 1812, OCLC 162251605 , p. 243 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  4. ^ M. Borchmann, D. Breithaupt, G. Kaiser: Kommunalrecht in Hessen . W. Kohlhammer Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-555-01352-1 , p. 20 ( partial view on google books ).
  5. ^ Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 213 ( online at google books ).
  6. ^ Johann Friedrich Kratzsch : The newest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states . Part 2nd volume 2 . Zimmermann, Naumburg 1845, OCLC 162810705 , p. 519 ( online at google books ).
  7. ^ Ph. AF Walther : The Grand Duchy of Hessen: according to history, country, people, state and locality . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1854, DNB  730150224 , OCLC 866461332 , p. 350 ( online at google books ).
  8. ^ Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of the residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 80 ( online at google books ).
  9. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 349 .
  10. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Bergstrasse district (GVBl. II 330–15 § 3) of July 11, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1972 No. 17 , p. 222 ff . ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 1,2 MB ]).
  11. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  12. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).