St. Wilhadi Church (Ulsnis)

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Southwest view of the church, on the right one of the two cemetery gates and the bell tower

The St. Wilhadi Church in Ulsnis is a medieval stone church in Südangeln and is a listed building .

location

The St. Wilhadi Church stands on an elevation on the Schlei in the middle of the cemetery, which is surrounded by a low wall of field stones and oaks. In the east and south-west, avenues lead to the church, at each end of which a white plastered brick gate opens to the cemetery. To the east of the church and outside the boundary of the cemetery, the bell tower rises on a Bronze Age barrow with a view over the Schlei. To the south of the cemetery, separated by a field, a little to one side is the pastorate, a thatched brick building from 1767/68. The address of the church is: Zum Pastorat 2; 24897 Ulsnis / Süderbrarup.

history

The St. Wilhadi Church was built in the middle of the 12th century and is probably the oldest surviving church in fishing . The church was built on a Thingplatz . At first it was presumably consecrated to Mary, the Mother of God . In 1338 the patronage of the Anglo-Saxon missionary and first Bremen bishop Willehad was added.

In the parish , the Schleswig cathedral chapter owned the bishop's tenth , which it pledged in 1527. After the Reformation, Ulsnis was ecclesiastically subject to the cathedral chapter and not to the Gottorfer provost like the surrounding parishes, while most of the land fell to the Danish king. Later it was placed under the general superintendent.

From 2007 Ulsnis formed a parish together with the church in Boren , which on January 1, 2019 with the parishes of Süderbrarup - Loit , Norderbrarup and Böel to form the Evangelical Lutheran parish of Süderbrarup in the Provosty of fishing within the north church with a total of six medieval churches and three Pastors merged.

Building history

middle Ages

Originally the church was only a small Romanesque stone building with a flat beamed ceiling and a retracted box choir , as has been preserved, for example, at St. Andrew's Church in Brodersby. In addition to local field stones, Rhenish tuff was also used for the construction. The church had two entrances from the north and south. While the north portal was bricked up later, the south portal, protected by the porch from 1888, is preserved in situ .

Several Romanesque stone reliefs date from the time it was built: The tympanum of the south portal is made of black granite . Instead of the more frequent motif of simultaneous tympana, which, as in the St. Mary's Church in Sörup , shows Christ between the church founders Peter and Paul , here Christ is shown as the judge of the world between Cain and Abel . Abel, to whom Christ turns in a friendly blessing, carries a lamb; Cain, who is offering a corn offering, is besieged by a demon . The people-devouring lions to the right and left of the entrance have parallels in churches in the immediate vicinity, for example at Schleswig Cathedral . There is also a dragon on the left. The animal representations probably served as apotropaion to deter evil spirits.

The two relief stones from the Norderportal have not been on the original site since 1796. The corner cube on the northeast side shows a dancer on one side and a kind of nymph or mermaid on the other . The meaning is unknown. The naked dancer may represent Salome , who was considered a symbol of seduction to sin. The stone on the south wall today shows an embracing couple who are interpreted either as Joachim and Anna , Maria's parents, or as a symbol for the marriage traditionally concluded in front of the north portal.

  • Romanesque stone sculptures

  • Tympanum of the south portal

  • South portal

  • Relief cuboid on the SE side

  • Relief cuboid on the NE side

An annex was built to the west of the original church, probably before 1200. The extension building can be distinguished from the old nave by its field stone walls that are twice as thick from the outside. The extension has a second, simpler south portal. It was probably initially windowless and not connected to the ship, but served profane purposes.

Extensions

In 1643 a morgue was added in front of the older south portal. In 1655 the church received a new roof structure, which connected the previous annex and the old nave . Thus, by this time at the latest, the interior was expanded to almost double its length to the west. In 1673 the church was painted in the baroque style. In addition to scenes from the life of Jesus, all Danish kings were depicted, starting with the legendary first king Dan .

In 1785 the gallery was drawn in on the north wall, which was accessible from the outside via the north portal. In 1796 the dilapidated medieval box choir including the choir arch was demolished and instead the church was extended to the east as a hall church . Inside, the extension can be seen through the greater ceiling height. At the same time as this renovation, the organ was moved over the altar. The wall painting was renewed and the series of kings up to Christian VII was added. Remains of this painting can be found on the north wall at the entrance to the gallery above the walled-up north portal.

In 1841 the church had a blue roof. In 1869 the neo-Gothic was roof skylights fitted with clock tower and the dormer above the new portal Süder added. Instead of the morgue, a vestibule was built in 1888 , and the monogram cartouche was taken over by Christian V on the gable of the new building.

Furnishing

Interior seen from the west gallery; in front right the early Gothic crucifix
Baptismal font, St. Jürgen group and triumphal cross around 1500; on the left the old altar board

The oldest item in inventory is the granite baptism from around 1200. As it is significantly smaller than contemporary baptismal fonts, historians suspect that it was originally a holy water font . The kuppa has four lion heads. Baptism had long been misused and returned to the Church in 1930. The base was only found walled up in the stairs of a building around 1970.

Head of the unicorn dragon

There are two crucifixes in the church . The older early Gothic crucifix dates from 1230/40 and is one of the oldest wooden sculptures in fishing. It was in the Flensburg Museum between 1902 and 2012 and has been hanging next to the old south portal since 2013. Since only the body was preserved, the cross was made from elm wood from the Kirchenallee. The younger triumphal cross in the choir is from the early 16th century. Also from the time shortly before the Reformation comes the group of figures of St. George , called St. Jürgen in Northern Germany, with the dragon depicted here as a unicorn .

Before the Reformation, the church had several altars . The consecration of two altars by the Schleswig bishop Detlef von Pogwisch is documented for 1506 . From one of these altars there is an altar board with the names of the venerated saints Maria, Georg and Willehad. In the post-Reformation period these were overwritten with the words of institution of the Eucharist . Nothing has survived from the baroque altar from the 18th century and described as "the most beautiful of Angel", because after the organ was moved to the altar wall on the east side of the church in 1798, the sculptor Jörg Schmädl created a new classical altar to match the organ Including a picture of the Lord's Supper by JF Goos. A fold-out wooden bowl was built into the altar as a tiny baptism. This replaced a baptismal angel purchased in 1787 , which is now in the pastorate. Today the medieval font is used again.

The baroque pulpit dates from 1673. The rather faded paintings show important people from the Bible: Moses , Aaron , King David and John the Baptist . The pulpit door with pictures of Luther and Melanchthon has not been used for a long time.

organ

Organ by Johann Daniel Busch above the classical altar

The church had had an organ since 1682 at the latest . This oldest known organ was sold to the church in Brodersby in 1785 when the present organ from the workshop of Johann Daniel Busch was installed. The organ was initially on the west gallery and was moved to the east after the choir was expanded in 1798. The Flensburg organ builder Jürgen Heinrich Angel added the pedal towers to it. After several renovations in the 19th and 20th centuries, the organ was restored by Paschen Kiel Orgelbau in 2002/2003 .

II Hauptwerk C, D – c 3
1. Principal 000 8th'
2. octave 4 ′
3. Fifth0 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
4th third0 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
5. Octave 2 ′
6th Mixture III
I subsidiary work C, D – c 3
7th Dumped 08th'
8th. flute 04 ′
9. Forest flute 02 ′
10. Fifth 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
11. Zimbel II
12. Trumpet 08th'
Pedal C, D – d 1
13. Sub bass 16 ′
14th Principal 08th'
15th Octave 04 ′
16. Night horn 02 ′
17th Rauschpfeife III
18th trombone 16 ′
19th Trumpet 08th'
  • Coupling : II / I (manual slide coupling)
  • Tremulant (acting on both manuals)

Bell tower

The single wooden bell tower stands east of the church on a Bronze Age burial mound. The current building dates from 1759, but dates back to the 16th century. Three bells from 1869, 1959 and 1996 hang in the tower.

In the neighborhood

A memorial complex for those who died in the church district in the First and Second World Wars is built into the retaining wall of the above-mentioned churchyard . The war memorial consists of seven sandstone tablets , on three of which the names of all the fallen and their places of origin are noted. The middle, slightly larger panel contains the gilded inscription in Fraktur :

IHS
The youths fall
but those who wait in the Lord
get new strength
Isa. 40, 30
1939-1945

literature

Web links

Commons : St. Wilhadi Church (Ulsnis)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d St. Wilhadi Church Ulsnis. Leaflet ed. from the Friends of the Church of Ulsnis eV, year?
  2. ↑ Hans Nicolai Andreas Jensen : Attempt at church statistics for the Duchy of Schleswig. Volume 2, Flensburg 1841, p. 1161.
  3. ^ Hans Nicolai Andreas Jensen: Schleswig-Holstein Church History. Volume 3, Kiel 1877, p. 101.
  4. ↑ Parish of Süderbrarup. Accessed in 2019 (repeal of the parishes of Böel, Boren-Ulsnis, Nordbrarup and Süderbrarup-Loit and the reorganization of the parish of Süderbrarup on January 1, 2019).
  5. ↑ A wood-carved copy of this tympanum has the reconstructed wooden church in the Lübeck historical experience area .
  6. ↑ a b Ulsnis Church .
  7. ↑ Legend of King Dan.
  8. ↑ Hans Nicolai Andreas Jensen: Attempt at church statistics for the Duchy of Schleswig. Volume 2, Flensburg 1841, p. 1192.
  9. ↑ Handbook of German Art Monuments. Hamburg Schleswig-Holstein. 2009, p. 943.
  10. ↑ Ulsnisser Crucifix is ​​back in Wilhadi. ( Schlei Bote April 17, 2012).
  11. ↑ Hans Nicolai Andreas Jensen: Attempt at church statistics for the Duchy of Schleswig. Volume 2, Flensburg 1841, p. 1191.
  12. ↑ Kirsten Riechert: Baptismal font in northern Elbe between 1500 and 1914. Change in shape and meaning of a principal piece. Retrieved on July 24, 2019 (Details from the Wilhadi Church Ulsnis are shown on pages 556/557 (printed 405/406).).
  13. ↑ Information on disposition
  14. ^ Ulsnis, Schleswig-Flensburg district. Retrieved on July 24, 2019 (in the churchyard of St. Wilhadi / war memorials).

Coordinates: 54 ° 34 '25.7 "  N , 9 ° 44' 50.9"  E