St. Dionysius (Warrior)
The Catholic parish church of St. Dionysius in Recke (Westphalia) is the third church building in the parish that is under the patronage of St. Dionysius of Paris . The church was built from 1953 to 1954 from local Ibbenbürener sandstone and has a length of 42.33 meters, a width of 17.60 meters and a height of 13 meters to the apex of the segment vault. The height of the church tower is 30 meters. A tent roof covers the tower and carries a simple, copper-clad cross 4 meters high. The foundation stone was laid on June 28, 1953, and the inauguration ceremony took place on November 5 and 6, 1955.
A special feature is that all three Dionysius churches in Recke still exist today. The first Dionysius Church , a late Romanesque hall church with a massive sandstone fortified tower was first mentioned in 1189 and is today the parish church of the Protestant parish of Recke. Presumably a wooden church already existed on the same site in the 9th century. The second Dionysius Church of the Catholic parish in Recke was built in 1752 and today serves as the parish youth home.
history
The first Dionysius Church
The parish of St. Dionysius in Recke very likely came into being soon after the first bishop Liudger († 809) founded the diocese of Münster . There is no document about the establishment of the parish church, but the election of the church patron Dionysius points to the period from 800 to 850. Dionysius churches were almost only founded during this time, on important traffic routes and crossroads, for example. B. in Nordwalde , Havixbeck and Rheine . Recke is also on an old trade route that leads from Osnabrück to Lingen , with an intersection to Voltlage and Ankum . In 1189 the church was first mentioned in a document as the own church of the noblemen of Horstmar . In 1243 the place Recke (rike) is mentioned for the first time as a parish belonging to the Diocese of Osnabrück .
At the beginning of the 13th century the walls of the nave were raised and the massive defensive tower was built between 1250 and 1270 . The church was also given a new late Romanesque choir , which is wider than the nave . When the side walls were raised, some of the small Romanesque windows were bricked up. The traces of it are still clearly visible.
In the 15th century, the walls of the nave were raised again, two late Gothic cross ribbed vaults were drawn in and they were decorated with tendrils. The church received the ceiling paintings around 1480. These are the symbols of the four evangelists and a Madonna in a halo made of 30 medallions. The Madonna stands on a crescent moon and wears a bow-shaped crown. In her arm she holds the baby Jesus who is reaching for a flower in Mary's right hand.
During the renovation of the church in 1961, the painted over paintings and the tendrils were exposed again. The well-preserved altar plate from the pre-Reformation period was found in the floor of the church in 1961 and placed on a newly built substructure. The plate had been removed in 1650 by the Reformed church , which did not use an altar. Today, in front of the newly built altar, there is a simple wooden table from the 17th century for the services of the Protestant community.
On the southern outer wall of the nave, five grave slabs from the 17th century are anchored, which were originally set into the church floor as Reformed pastors were buried in the church. The fifth plate commemorates the last Catholic pastor, Zumbusch († 1649). He was buried here a year after the Reformation began. The burial in the Reformed Church testifies to his esteem in Recke.
The Romanesque font in the choir was extracted from the Bentheim quarries around 1230 and also made there. The dome decorated with a vine (alternating grapes and palm trees) is supported by a substructure, flanked by four lions, which symbolize the demonic forces that want to dissuade people from believing in Christ, but despite the greatest effort, can do nothing but powerless To bear the baptismal font with the baptismal water baring teeth.
The second Dionysius Church
With the Peace of Westphalia of 1648, the county of Lingen , to which Recke also belonged, was awarded to the Dutch royal house of the Orange. The Orange introduced the Reformed faith in the county, the Catholic priests were expelled from the country and the property of the parishes was confiscated. Catholic services were not allowed to be held in private homes either. That is why the Reck Catholics went to neighboring Hopsten on Sundays , which politically and ecclesiastically belonged to the Duchy of Münster , to celebrate church services there on the farm of Brockmöller. An emergency church was later built near the courtyard.
In 1702 the County of Lingen fell to the Kingdom of Prussia . The Recker Catholics now hoped to be able to celebrate worship in their congregation again. After a monetary donation of 5,000 thalers from the Catholics in the county of Lingen, King Friedrich Wilhelm I allowed the return of the Catholic priests in 1717 and the celebration of Holy Mass in private homes. In a great hurry, the Catholics erected a half-timbered building as an emergency church on the Homeyer farm, which was severely damaged by a heavy storm in 1747. So the decision was made to build a new sandstone church. After several submissions, the Catholic parish received permission to build a prayer house on Hopstener Strasse. The side walls are only expected to be 18 feet (5.65 meters) high. The building, designed by the architect Rudolphi, was given the appearance of a church thanks to the arched windows. Due to protests by the Reformed community, the building was temporarily shut down. The then chaplain Ter Meer, son of a lawyer in Lingen, was entrusted with the overall management of the church building. At an on-site meeting, he succeeded in convincing the responsible Prussian officials that a prayer house of the planned size was necessary, especially since there were 220 Catholic households in Recke at the time, compared to only ten Protestant households. So construction could continue, and on November 19, 1752, the congregation celebrated the first Holy Mass in the new Dionysius Church.
In the following 20 years, Kaplan Ter Meer commissioned the artist Johann Heinrich König from Münster with the baroque interior design. He created the high altar eight meters high in 1754/1755 . The altar was taken over in 1955 in the new, third Dionysius Church in Recke. According to documents, the cost of building the church and the interior decoration amounted to 115 thalers for the purchase of the church square, 140 thalers for the high altar, 160 thalers for the two side altars, 46 thalers for four figures of saints on the altar. In addition there was the money for two confessionals , pulpit (1771), pews, baptismal font, a monstrance , a silver traffic light for the eternal light and other things. Apparently it was thanks to Ter Meers' talent for speech to motivate the faithful to donate. He also undertook extensive journeys for begging sermons in many places in the diocese of Münster. In 1774 Kaplan Ter Meer was able to properly submit all receipts for paid purchases to the Chamber in Minden. In 1777 the church received a new organ with eleven registers with a valuable organ front . In 1794 a sacristy was added to the church and a roof turret for a bell was attached, as a bell tower was not permitted for the original prayer house. For the first time in 138 years it was possible to ring a Catholic service in Recke.
In 1819 the church was raised 8 feet (3.20 meters) and a second row of windows was added. Because of the elevation of the walls, the masonry had to be reinforced with pillars. In 1821 the church was painted and rededicated.
In the following years the equipment of the Dionysius Church was expanded: in 1830 the couple Clemens and Maria Anna Huster donated two silver candlesticks to the church and in 1847 four smaller candlesticks. There is also a censer with a boat.
In 1882 the church received two new bells: a Dionysius bell and a Marien bell. In 1910 a clock was attached to the tower, which was replaced by a new one in 1962. In 1921 the electric light was on for the first time in the church.
The third Dionysius Church
After the Second World War , the population of Recke rose sharply. In 1947 there were 2,929 Catholics in Recke, 784 of them displaced . Therefore, the parish planned under Pastor Karl Horstmann, who headed the parish from 1950 to 1968, the construction of a larger church, the third St. Dionysius Church. The planning of the church building was carried out by the architects Burlage and Niebur from Osnabrück. The Ibbenbüren sandstone was used as building material and red Weser sandstone for the cornices . The foundation stone of the new church was laid on June 28, 1953. Under the foundation stone a sandstone was built from the then rediscovered foundation walls of the emergency church on the Hopsten border.
The inauguration of the new Dionysius Church took place on November 5 and 6, 1955. The total cost of building the church was DM 355,634.00 . The diocese gave DM 130,000 from church taxes for the new building. The community raised 152,243 DM. The rest was financed through donations and loans. For the 50th anniversary of the church building, the parish church was extensively renovated and redesigned in 2005.
With the completion of the parish church in 1955, the baroque high altar was taken over from the old church building, the current Dio youth home, as the dominant moment in the choir. The sculptor Karlheinz Hone was commissioned to erect the altar in the new parish church, and he also restored it. Karl-Heinz Zimmermann from Angelmodde restored the old colors to the altar, which had been distorted by painting over in 1930.
The high altar is a typical work of the Rococo , festive, ornamental, lively and cheerful. The structure, supported by pillars and pilasters , shows a three-dimensional representation of the Trinity , enthroned on masses of clouds in the sky. Two trumpet angels seem to accompany this vision acoustically. The middle of the high altar was originally occupied by a large oil painting, which is no longer available today, but probably represented a scene from the story of the parish priest St Dionysius. In 1822 the painter Steinmann from Lingen created a new altarpiece with the praying St. Dionysius. In 1930 the high altar was given a new altarpiece by the painter Anton Niessing from Baden-Baden, which, however, was generally rejected due to its overly symmetrical composition. A replacement was found in 1955 for the unappealing central picture. In the bomb-damaged Diocesan Museum in Münster, the then diocese curator Wieschebrink found a Baroque painting by an unknown, presumably Venetian painter, matching the size and style. The strongly moving, heavy, dark color depiction showed the torture of a priest at the altar. It could be Saint Thomas Becket, killed in Canterbury Cathedral in 1070, or Saint Stanislaus of Krakow , murdered in 1079 . Although this donation gave the altar its original artistic uniformity, it did not take up any reference to the community of St. Dionysius.
The central picture surface is flanked by the large wooden figures of the princes of the apostles Peter (left, with the key) and Paul (with the sword) as witnesses of the faith. An airy canopy, modeled on Gian Lorenzo Bernini's high altar in St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, crowns the tabernacle above the altar table. A little later, two smaller figures of Saints Aloysius and Johannes Nepomuk , who were then much venerated by the Catholic people, were added. They used to stand in front of the side walls of the high altar.
Around the center of the parish church hangs a double-sided radiant wreath or rosary Madonna , framed by six large red roses and 60 smaller gold-plated roses. The total number of 66 roses is unusual, as the rosary only has 59 pearls (roses). The Madonna with the baby Jesus in her arms stands with her feet on the crescent moon. Below is the globe surrounded by clouds, on which the devil snake and the apple from paradise are depicted. The front and back of the Radiant Madonna are designed slightly differently. On one side Mary is depicted as queen and wears a golden crown, on the back she wears a golden circlet on her head. On her right arm she carries the baby Jesus, who in turn holds a golden cross in her hands. Maria carries a scepter in her left hand. The double-sided design of figures has been found in Christian art since the 12th century , but is already found in antiquity, for example in depictions of the double-faced god Janus .
The current pastor of St. Dionysius is Jürgen Heukamp; Pastor Gnana Prakasham Chinnabathini and deacon Michael Spliethoff as well as pastor emeritus, local researcher and author of Low German literature, Werner Heukamp (not related to Jürgen Heukamp) are active in the parish as pastors .
organ
The organ was built in 1980 by the Oberlinger Brothers (Windesheim) organ building company. Unlike the previous instrument from 1957, which stood on the side balconies, the new organ was placed on a newly constructed gallery above the entrance area of the nave. The instrument has 28 stops on two manuals and a pedal. The Spieltrakturen are mechanically, the Registertrakturen electrically.
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
- Playing aids : 5 typesetting combinations
literature
- Rudolf Breuing: The churches in Recke . In: Recke. A village is changing . Ibbenbürener Vereinsdruckerei, Ibbenbüren 1983, ISBN 3-921290-07-4 , pp. 31-71.
- Norbert Hecker: The new Dionysius Church in Recke is 50 years old . In: Our district 2005. Yearbook for the Steinfurt district . Tecklenborg, Steinfurt 2004, ISBN 3-926619-72-4 , pp. 128-131.
- Werner Heukamp : St. Dionysius Recke . Published by the parish of St. Dionysius Recke, undated
- Werner Heukamp: The magnificent baroque altar in the St. Dionysius Church in Recker . In: Our district 2007. Yearbook for the Steinfurt district . klr mediapartner Druck und Medien GmbH, Lengerich 2006, ISBN 3-926619-77-5 , pp. 160-162.
- Kay-Uwe Kopton: The Protestant Church in Recke ( Westfälische Kunststätten , issue 57). Munster 1990.
- Hubert Kreft: The Catholic parish in Recke . In: The community of Recke in the Tecklenburg district . Published by the Recke community in cooperation with the Recke local history association. Self-published by the Recke municipal administration, Recke 1972.
- Klaus Pöppmann, Sylvia Pöppmann: Church leaders of the parish church St. Dionysius, Recke . Photos by Alfons Ostendorf, Helmut Leßel, Walter Alkemeyer. Published by the parish of St. Dionysius Recke. Moorkamp printing company, Mettingen 2009.
Web links
- Website of the Catholic parish of St. Dionysius, Recke
- Werner Heukamp: History of the parish of St. Dionysius on the website of the parish of St. Dionysius ( Memento from December 7, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- Virtual tour of the parish church ( Memento from December 7, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
- ↑ The Oberlinger Organ. Catholic parish of St. Dionysius Recke, 2003, archived from the original on July 1, 2008 ; accessed on May 10, 2016 .
Coordinates: 52 ° 22 '12 " N , 7 ° 43' 9.5" E