St. Gallus (Hofweier)

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St. Gallus is the Roman Catholic parish church of Hofweier , part of the municipality of Hohberg in the Ortenau district of Baden-Württemberg . The parish together with the parishes of St. Brigitta in Niederschopfheim and St. Carolus in Diersburg , both also part of the Hohberg municipality, form the Hohberg pastoral care unit of the Archdiocese of Freiburg . The history of Hofweier and his church has been researched in particular by the Offenburg high school teacher Otto Kähni (1900–1975), who had already written his dissertation on the subject of the “constitution and administration of the knightly village of Hofweier”.

history

The villages of Hofweier, Niederschopfheim and Diersburg, which have formed the municipality of Hohberg since 1973, are also closely linked in their history. The earliest mention of Niederschopfheim, namely in the year 777 as Scofhaim , Hofweier on the other hand - according to a copy from the 15th century - around 1101 as Hoviwilar . In the High Middle Ages , Hofweier belonged to the Lords of Tiersberg , who - related to the Lords of Geroldseck - resided in Diersburg, which takes its name from them. The local rule came from the Tiersberg to the

The Hofweir church is first mentioned in 1312, then in 1385 as "parrochialis ecclesia". The church patronage was sold by the Hummel von Staufenberg to the margraves of Baden . In 1463, at the same time as the village of Diersburg, these were given to the Roeder family as a fief, which later called themselves Roeder von Diersburg . In 1523 the Roeder von Diersburg introduced the evangelical creed. The denomination then changed several times, but the patron saints behaved tolerantly. In church terms, Hofweier came from the Archdiocese of Strasbourg to the Diocese of Constance in 1803 and to the newly founded Archdiocese of Freiburg in 1821.

Glorification of St. Gall, painting in the Hofweier rectory

Building history

The high altar picture of the previous Gothic church - a "glorification of St. Gallus " - kept in the rectory shows that the church and rectory stood on two separate hills connected by a bridge. When the new building of the church was started in 1762 due to lack of space and dilapidation, the church hill was removed in order to gain a larger building area and the ditch between the hills was filled with earth, so that the church and rectory were now on one level. Franz Rudhart (1708–1765), who shortly before had built St. Brigitta in Niederschopfheim, applied for the building. However, Caspar Waldinger prevailed, also written as Kaspar Waldner, who was born in Egg in Vorarlberg in 1707 or 1724 and is one of the “Vorarlberg Baroque Master Builders”. Waldinger / Waldner had previously the parish church of St. Joseph built in Egg large village and was later at the Protestant church in Meißenheim , the Baroque reconstruction of the monastery church Schuttern , the Catholic parish church of the Visitation in Vorarlberg Langenegg and the Catholic parish church of St. Brigitta in Sasbach involved . Lothar Franz von Erthal (1717–1805) donated stones for the new building from the ruins of the Binzburg . The foundation stone was laid on May 10, 1763. The document reports: “In the year after the gracious birth and incarnation of our Savior and Redeemer Jesus Christ in 1763 under the rule and government of the most luminous prince, the most powerful and invincible prince and Mr. Franzisci Stephani the first of that name Roman emperor and king, prince and lord , then the freireichshochwohlgeb. Gentlemen, Mr. Lothar Franzisci von Erthal, Freiherr zu Ellfershausen, Kissingen and Schwarzenau and Herrschaft Binzburg, <...> then the most revered Mr. Joseph Schmautz, protempore pastor and rector of the parish Hoffweyr <...> the parish and mother church is closed Hoffweyr ad Sanctum Gallum abbatem started to build from scratch and Tuesday, May 10th <...> the foundation stone was laid and the nave <...> by the parish of Hoffweyr with an aid and contribution from the saint Fabrique , the choir, tower and sacristy, on the other hand, were built by the collators and decimators, the barons of Röder in Thierspurg, using their funds. <...> Stuber, Amtmann zu Hoffweyr. “In 1765 the church was consecrated.

Joseph Schmautz (1735–1782), pastor in Hofweier from 1759 until his death, is buried on the north wall of the choir. His tombstone is now placed in a niche on the north wall of the ship, a portrait opposite in a niche on the south wall.

In 1833 the cemetery that had previously surrounded the church was moved to its current location. The interior of the church lost its baroque character during a restoration in 1896. From 1937 to 1939, attempts were made to win it back, including with plenty of stucco. Damage from the Second World War was repaired by 1949. In the 1950s Pastor Eugen Mogg (1906–1974, Pastor in Hofweier from 1939 to 1966) “faced the same question as Josef Schmautz 200 years ago. The church <was> too small again. ”Instead of building, the congregation was one of the first in the archdiocese to introduce mass on the eve to fulfill the Sunday obligation . The most recent restoration took place from 1970 to 1971 under Mogg's successor Stefan Kälble (* 1934; pastor in Hofweier from 1966 to 1990). The restorers found all of Pfunner's "colorfully painted stucco decorations" under previous overpainting. The measures of the 1930s were well-intentioned, but were unsatisfactory. The stucco applied at that time was "industrially manufactured and worthless", older pictures were "infantilely brushed over". According to Kähni, the 1970/71 reconstruction came closer to the original equipment; the "total work of art from the 3rd quarter of the 18th century" is "restored". In 2002 and again in 2009 the church square was redesigned.

St. Gallus floor plan

building

Moved to the western edge of the hill, the stately building overlooks the Upper Rhine Valley “and greets the tower of the Strasbourg Cathedral ”, which was the episcopal church until 1803. In the western facade, which is decorated with volutes and is calculated from a distance, opens the portal covered by an openwork volute gable, above which St. Gallus stands in a niche with the abbot's staff, his bear and a log, carved below:

00000000In 1763 MDCCLXIII
Because great Christianity deserves a great church, the parish of
Hofweir built the nave.
Whoever puts his foot in this church
also pray that God will be gracious to you.

Outside, pilaster strips divide the facade, nave and choir in the original colors, red in front of a white wall. The nave is a simple rectangular space with five axes of arched windows on both sides and side entrances under the middle windows. In the east there is a retracted, polygonally closing choir and then the tower, the two lower floors of which are square in plan, while the uppermost - bell floor with drilled arched windows and dials - is octagonal. A plate with the Roeder von Diersburg coat of arms and the inscription that the family “built and performed this choir and tower in 1763” is embedded in the east wall of the basement. A simple onion dome crowns the tower. The interior is also structured by wall pilasters. Above the windows, stitch caps cut into the flat mirror vault . A basket arched triumphal arch leads into the choir.

Furnishing

The painting is the work of Johann Pfunner from Freiburg , who signed the ceiling paintings in 1764. The basic color of the walls is a light ocher. Pfunner put his strong colors on it. The ceiling picture in the nave, one of Pfunner's best works, shows the handing over of the keys to Simon Petrus ( Mt 16,17-19  EU ), the ceiling picture in the choir, the painting over of which could not be removed, like the nave picture in oil , the conversion of Saul ( Acts 9 : 1-9  EU ). The attributes of the putti in the cartouches around the image of Peter "relate to the priesthood established with the calling of Peter". In niches under the eastern nave windows Pfunner depicted the pelican as a symbol of Christ on the left , and on the right a cross with the five wounds of the cross from which blood flows into a basin, a “baroque paraphrase of Christ in the winepress ”. The canvas paintings of the four evangelists and the four Latin doctors of the church Hieronymus , Ambrosius of Milan , Augustine of Hippo and Pope Gregory the Great on the walls of the nave and choir are also works by Pfunner.

In the choir, 16 pictures on the verses of the Our Father and the Ave Maria , perhaps by Johann Anton Morath, hang one above the other in four rows . In addition, the interior is richly decorated with ornaments, the pilasters marbled in shades of red, ornaments around the windows, on the caps of the vault and above the triumphal arch.

Altars

The architectural parts of the altars (and the pulpit) were made from stucco marble in 1766 by Anton Pfister, probably a brother of the Schuttern Monastery. The high altar is framed by four columns with Corinthian capitals, the side altars, which are exquisitely coordinated with the high altar, each frame two pilasters - so in the curved golden painting frame.

The high altar picture of the previous church, a "glorification of St. Gallus with Gallus between St. Wolfgang of Regensburg and Sebastian ", did not fit into the new high altar. Johann Anton Morath painted pictures for all altars. The high altar picture was replaced in 1862 by a painting "Gallus preaches on Lake Constance" by Wilhelm Dürr the Elder , which contrasted with the baroque surroundings in a frame that was reminiscent of the Nazarenes . The side altar pictures were replaced by figural niches during the 1896 restoration (perhaps earlier). During the renovation in 1970 and 1971, all the altars were given new pictures by Reinhard Dassler in their original curved frames . They sparked a divided echo in the community. In the center of the high altar painting is Gallus with the Holy Scriptures in hand, surrounded by “people of today”. In the picture of the left side altar, Mary is resting with her child in a bank landscape full of desolate objects on a box that happens to be on the way. The picture on the right side altar shows Joseph in modern clothes doing carpentry work.

The sheet of the high altar from the previous church is kept in the parsonage, Dürr's high altar picture in the parish hall.

Others

A sacrament house from 1429 is walled in to the left of the high altar . In a niche on the north wall of the nave there is a Pietà from the 16th century, in a large niche underneath a baptismal font with the year 1617.

The stucco marble pulpit, labeled “Opere Fr (atris) Anthonj Pfister MDCCLXVI” - work by brother Anton Pfister 1766 - hangs on the south wall without access.

The oldest bell that remained in Hofweier during the Second World War, the "Gallus Bell", was cast in 1920 by the Grüninger foundry . In 1948, the Rincker bell and art foundry produced three more bells. The youngest, "Hosianna Bell ", from the Schilling bell foundry in Heidelberg, was donated by the political community in 1763 for the 200th anniversary of the church.

The organ from the Karl Göckel company was installed from 1997 to 1998 after several older generations of organs.

The rectory was built in 1721, at the time of pastor Philipp Jakob Schmautz (pastor in Hofweier from 1714 to 1759), whose coat of arms adorns the entrance. It was renovated in 1792.

literature

  • Otto Kähni: St. Gallus, the patron saint of our parish ... In: 200 years of the Catholic parish church Hofweier. Hofweier 1963.
  • Otto Kähni: Hofweier in the past and present. Hofweier 1972.
  • Dieter Kaus: The medieval parish organization in the Ortenau. Konkordia AG publishing house, Bühl / Baden 1970, pp. 195-196.
  • Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg (Ed.): The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume VI. Freiburg administrative district. Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-17-007174-2 , pp. 396-397 ( digitized at discover regional studies online ).
  • Parish Council Hofweier (Ed.): 250 years of the Catholic parish church Hofweier. Hofweier 2013.
  • Wolfgang E. Stopfel : The churches of the community Hohberg. Schnell und Steiner publishing house, Munich, Zurich 1981.
  • Max Wingenroth : The art monuments of the Grand Duchy of Baden Volume 7: The art monuments of the Offenburg district. Mohr Siebeck Verlag, Tübingen 1908, pp. 447-449 ( digitized version ).
  • Dagmar Zimdars (Ed.): Georg Dehio, Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler ( Dehio-Handbuch ) Baden-Württemberg II . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-422-03030-1 , pp. 309-310.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Dr. Hitzfeld: Our chairman Professor Dr. Kähni 70 years. In: The Ortenau. Volume 50, 1970, pp: 7-10. Digitized. Retrieved March 19, 2015.
  2. ↑ a b Kähni 1972, p. 43 as well as Josef Bayer: Die Wasserschlösser in Hofweier . In: The Ortenau . tape 64 , 1984, pp. 299-300 . Digitized. Retrieved March 14, 2015.
  3. ↑ Wingenroth 1908, p. 448.
  4. ↑ Discover regional studies online Baden-Württemberg: Diersburg. Digitized. Retrieved March 19, 2015.
  5. ↑ Parish Council 2013, p. 65.
  6. ↑ Kähni 1972, p. 141; Parish Council 2013, p. 16.
  7. ^ A b Norbert Lieb: The Vorarlberg baroque master builders. Third edition. Verlag Schnell and Steiner, Munich, Zurich 1976, p. 121.
  8. ↑ Heribert Raab:  Friedrich Karl Frhr. v. Erthal. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 517 f. ( Digitized version ).
  9. ↑ Kähni 1972, p. 142.
  10. ↑ A photo of the interior shows the state afterwards: Kähni 1963, p. 26.
  11. ↑ Kähni 1972, p. 154.
  12. ↑ Stopfel 1981, p. 8.
  13. ↑ Parish Council 2013, p. 15.
  14. ↑ Zimdars 1997, p. 309.
  15. ↑ Regarding the ceiling picture in the nave, the writing of the parish council for the 250th anniversary erroneously says: “The new church of Hofweier rises on a steep rocky promontory.” Parish council 2013, p. 20. This detail is on a photograph of the script for the 200th anniversary in fact see; on the right edge of the picture the church rises daringly close to the steep drop. Kähni 1963, p. 27. According to Kähni's writing from 1972, however, “the church that is shown in the background of the painting was an ingredient of the former restorer Schultis” and was removed in 1970/71. Kähni 1972, p. 153.
  16. ↑ Stopfel 1981, p. 10.
  17. ↑ Zimdars 1997 S 309th
  18. ↑ Strangely enough, the Evangelist Mark John the Baptist (in the choir) takes the place of the series .
  19. ↑ So Kähni 1972, p. 144; on the other hand after Stopfel 1981 a Franciscan from Freiburg im Üechtland .
  20. ↑ Stopfel 1981, p. 7.
  21. ↑ Parish Council 2013, p. 55.

Web links

  • Mortenau.de: Hofweier. Digitized. Retrieved March 14, 2015.

Coordinates: 48 ° 25 ′ 20.3 "  N , 7 ° 54 ′ 43"  E