Steina (Wutach)
| Steina | ||
 Geographical location and course |
||
| Data | ||
| Water code | DE : 219872 | |
| location |
Waldshut , Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald ; Baden-Württemberg ; Germany region: Southern Black Forest / Upper Rhine |
|
| River system | Rhine | |
| Drain over | Wutach → Rhine → North Sea | |
| source | about 1.6 km northeast of the outskirts of Schluchsee at the Kreisstrasse fork 47 ° 49 ′ 44 ″ N , 8 ° 12 ′ 40 ″ E |
|
| Source height | over 1060 m above sea level NN | |
| muzzle | between Lauchringen and Waldshut-Tiengen from the right and north into the Wutach Coordinates: 47 ° 38 ′ 1 ″ N , 8 ° 17 ′ 22 ″ E 47 ° 38 ′ 1 ″ N , 8 ° 17 ′ 22 ″ E |
|
| Mouth height | below 330 m above sea level NN | |
| Height difference | 730 m | |
| Bottom slope | 20 ‰ | |
| length | 37.3 km | |
| Catchment area | 96.504 km² | |
| Discharge at the mouth of A Eo : 96.5 km² |
MNQ MQ Mq MHQ HHQ |
290 l / s 1.58 m³ / s 16.4 l / (s km²) 22.26 m³ / s 130 m³ / s |
| Right tributaries | Erlenbach | |
| Medium-sized cities | Waldshut-Tiengen | |
| Small towns | Bonndorf in the Black Forest , Stühlingen , Ühlingen-Birkendorf , Lauchringen | |
| Communities | Schluchsee , Grafenhausen | |
| Gradient: 2.1% on average | ||
 The Steina a few hundred meters from where it joins the Wutach |
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The Steina , formerly also Steinach , is a river that arises on the heights of the southern Black Forest in the sparsely populated area between Lenzkirch and the Schluchsee in the municipality of Schluchsee . The source is about 1.6 km northeast of the outskirts at a fork in the county road on the edge of the forest. In a slight curve to the right, it flows southwards and flows into the Wutach at the edge of the settlement from Lauchringen to Waldshut-Tiengen from the right and finally northeast . The largest tributary is the 6.6 km long right Erlenbach, which opens at the beginning of the middle course; further downstream then, they reach only a relatively short tributaries because their catchment area between which the receiving Wutach left, which has been very approached closely from the Northeast, and the very close and almost parallel to the west here Schlücht is closely constrained.
Geography, geology and topography
The Steinatal was formed in the Ice Ages by erosion and runoff of the meltwater from the Feldberg glacier . The Steina rises in the high forests of the southern Black Forest about 2.5 km northeast of the village of Schluchsee near Dresselbach . After about 2 km the river bed is in a considerable valley almost 100 m deep. The further, strongly winding course remains almost up to the mouth in a deep valley cut with initially moderately steep wooded slopes and individual floodplains. The upper course is cut between Bonndorf and Detzeln with steep, rocky slopes in the basement of the southern Black Forest. Below Wittlekofen, there are less steep slopes in the softer red sandstone . Above Detzeln it flows through rhyolithhaltige rocks of the Permian and Gneismetatexit and porphyry that are achieved here in a quarry. Below Detzeln near Lauchringen, the river meets the shell limestone layers of the Mettau thrust . The Black Forest writer Heinrich Hansjakob calls the Steinatal one of the most beautiful Black Forest valleys in his travelogues. Parts of the area are located in the Southern Black Forest Nature Park . The underflow in front of the mouth is designated as a geotope .
Infiltration
At the transition from the Steina to the Wutach valley , about 1 km before the mouth, the river bed meanders through a small canyon over a porous and washed-out shell limestone formation in which part of the water seeps away . The lower section of the river in the main mussel limestone falls dry at low tide. The geologist Rudolf Metz described an approximately 5 cm thick quartz-rich bank with pyrite crystals . The stone water that has disappeared at the Äule infiltration point emerges in powerful karst springs in the hanging wall on the right bank of the Wutach near the fish farm (now a nursery) . The water sinks obviously into the rock slabs. The Steina water, which emerges again after a roughly 1.6 km underground run, forms the Siechenbach , which flows into the Wutach after a short run to the southwest. The Ibrunnen below the Lauffenmühle near the Honeggerei is also a source of shell limestone. During the construction of the A98 in 1991, a limestone cave more than a hundred meters long was found, in which a small piece of jaw with three Placodus teeth was discovered. After a brief exploration by experts, the cave was closed again.
Part of the seeped water that no longer flows back into the river will probably become part of a large groundwater flow from the Klettgau valley . In the gravel deposits of the Klettgau-Rhine Valley on top of the Muschelkalk, the former course of the Rhine in the Mindel Cold Age and Riss Ice Age, the seepage water of the Steina meets the groundwater of the Wutach and probably flows in the Ice Age gravel deposits between the Bürgerwald (approx. 400 m above sea level) and Vitibuck to reach today's Rhine Valley near Ettikon , where the Rhine also overflows the shell limestone layer with the rapids of the Ettikoner Lauffen .
Traffic development
The country road 159 leads through the Steina valley from the B 34 in Waldshut-Tiengen to Steinasäge , Bonndorf municipality in the Black Forest , where it is picked up by the L 170, which crosses the valley from Bonndorf. For the remaining approx. 9 km of the valley, the river is accompanied by a local road for almost its entire length. A single lane road leads to Sommerau . Above the Roggenbacher Schlösser there is a connection on the left valley cheek to Wittlekofen. At the Obermettinger sawmill, the cross connection from Obermettingen to Ühlingen crosses the Steinatal, further down by the former Illmühle there is a cross connection from Birkendorf to Bettmaringen , the Steina flows past Untermettingen below Untermettingen Castle to Detzeln . The Steinatal is a popular destination. Cyclists, motorists and especially motorcyclists cavort here and enjoy the winding route. On the lower reaches of the Steina, the Hochrheinbahn crosses the Steina Gorge between Tiengen and Lauchringen with a sandstone viaduct designed as a neo-Gothic pointed arch .
Castles in the Steinatal
The valley of the Steina was strategically interesting for the construction of castles in the Middle Ages because of its location at the transition from the Black Forest to the Klettgau. The following castle ruins are in the Steina valley:
-
Krenkingen Castle (approx. 1 km east of Krenkingen, town of Waldshut-Tiengen)
Location: 47 ° 40 ′ 58 ″ N , 8 ° 19 ′ 18 ″ E -
Roggenbach Castle (approx. 1.7 km southwest of Wittlekofen, City of Bonndorf)
Location: 47 ° 46 ′ 9 ″ N , 8 ° 20 ′ 18 ″ E -
Steinegg Castle (approx. 1.5 km southwest of Wittlekofen, town of Bonndorf)
Location: 47 ° 46 ′ 20 ″ N , 8 ° 20 ′ 10 ″ E
Mills and sawmills along the Steina
The water power of the Steina was and is used by several grain and saw mills, such as the Steinasäge , Wellendinger saw, Illmühle and Untermettinger saw.
literature
- Rudolf Metz , Geological Regional Studies of the Hotzenwald , 1980 ISBN 3-7946-01742
- Arthur Hauptmann, Castles then and now , 1987, ISBN 3877990401
- Brigitte Matt-Willmatt, Karl Friedrich Hoggenmüller: Lauchringen Chronicle of a community , 1986
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Height according to the contour line image on the background layer topographic map on: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( notes ).
- ↑ Length according to the water network layer ( AWGN ) on LUBW.
- ↑ Catchment area according to the layers aggregated areas 05 and basic catchment area (AWGN) on LUBW.
- ↑ LUBW: discharge parameters HQ and MQ / NQ ( memento of the original from December 28, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed October 1, 2016
- ↑ LUBW info page ( Memento of the original from December 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Rudolf Metz, Geologische Landeskunde des Hotzenwalds , p. 933.
- ^ Franz Falkenstein: The Placodushöhle at Lauchringen. In: Heimat am Hochrhein , Volume XVII, 1992, p. 92 ff. ISBN 3-87799-103-3
