Turiscai (Administrative Office)

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Turiscai Administrative Office
Turiscai (Administrative Office) (East Timor)
Red pog.svg
Administrative center Turiscai
surface 197.94 km²
population 7,718 (2015)
Sucos Population (2015)
Aitemua 817
Beremana 808
Caimauc 1,122
Fatucalo 393
Foholau 255
Lessuata 337
Liurai 599
Manumera 1,584
Matorec 457
Mindelo 593
Orana 753
Overview map
Administrative division of Manufahi
Location of the Manufahi municipality

Turiscai is an East Timorese administrative office ( Portuguese Posto Administrativo ) in the municipality of Manufahi . The seat of the administration is in the place Turiscai . “Turiskai” means “trunk of the turi tree ” in Mambai .

geography

Turiscai is in the north of Manufahi municipality

Until 2014, the administrative offices were still referred to as sub-districts . Before the 2015 territorial reform, Turiscai had an area of ​​188.44 km². Now there are 197.94 km².

Turiscai is in the north of Manufahi. To the south are the administrative offices of Same and Fatuberlio . In the West Turiscai borders the community to Ainaro belonging Office of Administration Maubisse , to the north by the municipality Aileu belonging Office of Administration Lequidoe Subdistrict and to the east by the municipality Manatuto belonging Office of Administration Laclubar Subdistrict . The rivers originating in Turiscai flow into the Northern Lacló , Southern Lacló , Clerec and Caraulun .

The Office of Administration Turiscai divided into eleven Sucos : Aitemua ( Aitenua ) Beremana , Fatucalo ( Fatukalo ) Caimauc ( Kaimauk ) Foholau , Lessuata ( Lesuata ) Liurai , Manumera, Matorec ( Matorek ), Mindelo and Orana .

Residents

6,993 people live in the Turiscai administrative office (2015), of which 4057 are men and 3661 women. The population density is 39.0 inhabitants / km². The largest language group are the speakers of the national language Mambai . To the east of Turiscai there is a small group that speaks Isní , which is part of the national language Idalaka . The average age of the population is 17.6 years (2010, 2004: 16.0 years).

history

Turiscai was one of the traditional kingdoms of Timor ruled by a liurai. It appears on a list by Afonso de Castro , a former governor of Portuguese Timor who listed 47 empires in 1868.

During the Manufahi rebellion (1911/1912) Turiscai Boaventura supported the rebellious Liurai of Manufahi . The uprising was put down by the Portuguese colonial rulers.

Australian soldiers burn down huts in Maubissi (late 1942)

During the Second World War , Portuguese Timor was occupied by the Japanese and the site of the Battle of Timor , in which Australian commandos and part of the population fought against the occupiers using guerrilla tactics . In July 1942 there was an uprising against the Portuguese in Turiscai, which is attributed to Japanese influence. The administrative post was looted. The rebellion was put down by 700 Moradores from Laclo , Laleia and Laclubar . On December 12, 1942, Australian soldiers burned down several huts in Maubissi owned by pro-Japanese Timorese so that they could not serve as a base for the Japanese.

During the civil war between FRETILIN and UDT in 1975, FRETILIN fighters attacked the Aldeia Leubuti ( Leobuti ) in Suco Foholau in September . The residents, mostly supporters of the APODETI , fled into the woods. Three of them were killed. Others were brought to Turiscai and had to work in the fields there.

In 1975 the Indonesians invaded East Timor. The resistance of FRETILIN and its military arm, the FALINTIL , formed in the mountains, including in Turiscai. In March 1976 Indonesian troops invaded Turiscai. Fighting broke out in Suco Liurai when it was occupied. Five FALINTIL fighters were killed, 300 of the people who fled were killed due to disease and hunger. Another 250 died of starvation and disease the following year when they were driven from Lequidoe.

In 1977, the President of the Republic, Francisco Xavier do Amaral, appointed by FRETILIN, attempted to negotiate a troop reduction and a ceasefire at the local level. He wanted to protect his homeland Turiscai from atrocities by the Indonesian army. The FRETILIN Central Committee therefore accused him of high treason and deposed him on September 14, 1977.

In 1978 the Indonesians attacked Foholau, Orana and Matorec. Houses and granaries were burned down. The inhabitants fled south towards Alas and Fatuberlio . 90 died of hunger and disease. 150 of them were caught and brought back.

Nicolau dos Reis Lobato , Amaral's successor, was captured by the Indonesian army in Mindelo on December 31, 1978 and was killed in the process.

In 1979 Timorese fled attacks on Alas and Fatuberlio to Turiscai, which was already occupied by Indonesians. 120 people died here of hunger and disease. At the end of 1979 there was an Indonesian camp for East Timorese near Turiscai, who were to be relocated by the occupiers for better control. The former residents of the resistance base ( base de apoio ) of the Centro Sul sector were also interned here. They came from Turiscai, Fatuberlio, Maubisse and Dili . From 1980 to 1981, the Liurai residents lived in Turiscai. During this time, a woman and two 14-year-old girls were raped by Indonesian soldiers. Compared to the last census in the Portuguese colonial period in 1970, the population in Turiscai fell from 5981 to 2890 by 51.7%.

After an attack by FALINTIL fighters on the sub-district headquarters of Alas of the Indonesian army on November 9, 1998, the Indonesians responded with a retaliatory action against civilians in the area and burned the houses of those they believed were independence supporters, including in Lessuata and Manumera.

During the Indonesian occupation (1975-1999) was Turiscai that date at that district Ainaro belonged to the district Manufahi connected, for which the sub-district of Hato-Udo of Manufahi Ainaro joined.

politics

The administrator of the administrative office is appointed by the central government in Dili. In 2015 it was Afonso Sarmento . In 2020 Júlio Godinho was appointed administrator.

economy

65% of households in Turiscai grow cassava, 67% corn, 58% coffee, 55% vegetables, 18% coconuts and 6% rice.

Web links

Commons : Turiscai  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e Direcção-Geral de Estatística : Results of the 2015 census , accessed on November 23, 2016.
  2. Jornal da República : Diploma Ministerial no 24/2014 de 24 de Julho - Orgânica dos Postos Administrativos ( Memento of March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  3. Geoffrey Hull : The placenames of East Timor , in: Placenames Australia (ANPS): Newsletter of the Australian National Placenames Survey, June 2006, pp. 6 & 7, ( Memento of the original from February 14, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. accessed on September 28, 2014. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.anps.org.au
  4. a b Direcção Nacional de Estatística: 2010 Census Wall Chart (English) ( Memento of the original from August 12, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 2.5 MB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / dne.mof.gov.tl
  5. ^ Timor-Leste GIS-Portal ( Memento from June 30, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  6. Jornal da Républica with the Diploma Ministerial n. 199/09 ( Memento of February 3, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) (Portuguese; PDF; 323 kB)
  7. a b Seeds of Life
  8. Direcção Nacional de Estatística: Census of Population and Housing Atlas 2004 ( Memento of November 13, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 14 MB)
  9. TIMOR LORO SAE, Um pouco de história ( Memento of the original dated November 13, 2001 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / oecussi.no.sapo.pt
  10. East Timor - PORTUGUESE DEPENDENCY OF EAST TIMOR ( Memento of February 21, 2004 in the Internet Archive )
  11. History of Timor - Technical University of Lisbon ( Memento of the original from March 24, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 824 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / pascal.iseg.utl.pt
  12. Kisho Tsuchiya: Indigenization of the Pacific War in Timor Island: A Multi-language Study of its Contexts and Impact , pp. 10 & 12, Journal War & Society, Vol. 38, No. February 1, 2018.
  13. a b c d e "Chapter 7.3 Forced Displacement and Famine" ( Memento of the original from November 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.3 MB) from the "Chega!" Report by CAVR (English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cavr-timorleste.org
  14. Monika Schlicher: East Timor faces up to its past ( Memento of the original from November 7, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , missio 2005, ISSN 1618-6222 (PDF; 304 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.missio-hilft.de 
  15. Ministério da Administração Estatal: Administração Municipal ( Memento of the original from June 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.estatal.gov.tl
  16. Jornal da República: Decisão nº 3502/2020 / CFP , February 18, 2020 , accessed on June 19, 2020.
  17. Direcção Nacional de Estatística: Suco Report Volume 4 (English) ( Memento of the original from April 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 9.8 MB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / dne.mof.gov.tl

Coordinates: 8 ° 49 ′  S , 125 ° 42 ′  E