Wardenburg (noble family)

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Coat of arms of those of Wardenburg

Wardenburg is the name of a German-Baltic noble family who settled in Estonia on the island of Ösel around 1770 . They were ennobled by the Danish king in 1829 and accepted into the knighthood of Ösel in 1849 . They became known mainly through the forestry and forestry they initiated in Estonia.

history

The Oldenburg noble family Wardenburg has its headquarters in Wardenburg near Oldenburg and can trace its history back to the year 1345. Johann Heinrich von Wardenburg, also called Wardenborg, settled in Husum , then Danish, around 1773 , served in the Danish royal army and advanced to major . His eldest son Friedrich Detlef (1783–1867) was married to the daughter of the Danish major general Karl Leopold von Blücher , he received the Danish nobility law and the coat of arms approval by means of a nobility letter from 1829. He had four sons, of whom Heinrich Leopold (1809-1869) returned to Oldenburg, Ernst Christian Ludwig (1811-1886) settled on the island of Ösel and became head forest master , Gustav Heinrich (1816-1883) served as Oldenburg major and Christian Ludwig (1823–1900) died in Hamburg . Eugen Friedrich Ludwig (1843–1920), Ernst Christian's son, promoted forestry and forest management in Estonia and was appointed to the Russian State Council.

Trunk line

Bernhard Dietrich von Wardenburg (* 1703 in Oldenburg; † 1788 in Oldenburg), regimental quartermaster , chamber councilor and judiciary ∞ in 1st marriage with Sophie Böhm († 1753)

  • Johann Heinrich Nicolaus von Wardenburg (* 1737 in Oldenburg; † 1814 in Husum), royal Danish major ∞ Christina Vitzthum von Eckstädt (1753–1814)
    • Diedrich August von Wardenburg (1776–1856), progenitor of the Danish line
    • Friedrich Detlef Gustav von Wardenburg (* 1783 in Schleswig ; † 1867 in Husum), raised to the Danish nobility in 1829 with a diploma and award of coat of arms, Danish judicial officer ∞ Pauline Johanna von Blücher (T. d. Danish Major General Karl Leopold von Bücher (1742–1804 ))
      • Ernst Christian Ludwig von Wardenburg (* 1811 in Husum; † Arensburg in Estonia), customs officer, crown forest master , progenitor of the Ösel line ∞ Marie von Güldenstubbe (1817-1896)
        • Eugen Friedrich Ludwig von Wardenburg (* 1843 in Arensburg, † 1920 in Arensburg), Crown Forester, Forest Officer and Russian State Councilor ∞ Othilie von Nolcken (* 1844; † 1884 in Berlin)
          • Ludwig Johannes Herbert von Wardenburg (* 1873 in Arensburg, † 1915 in Riga )
          • Kurt Eugen Otto von Wardenburg (* 1876 in Arensburg, † 1950 in Buckhagen near Kappeln ) ∞ Johanna Burmeister
            • Arnold von Wardenburg (* 1903)
          • Gustav Georg Alfred von Wardenburg (* 1879), Rittmeister ∞ Alexandrine Gretchen von Nolcken (* 1891)
            • Richard Eugen Erich von Wardenburg (* 1913 in Kazan , Russia ; † 1974), studied in Kiel
            • Harry Detlef Herbert von Wardenburg (* 1915 in Arensburg on Ösel), studied in Dorpat
            • Eleonore Alexandrine Carin von Wardenburg (* 1917 in Arensburg on Ösel)
            • Carl Detlef Udo von Wardenburg (* 1921 in Arensburg on Ösel)
            • Erik Alfred Gert von Wardenburg (* 1923 in Arensburg on Ösel)

Forest master in Estonia

State and private forest management in the then Livonia Governorate , later Estonia, was characterized by rigorous deforestation; afforestation or forest maintenance was not practiced. In the early 1800s, a rethinking began, especially in the Scandinavian region, which spread to Russia and the Baltic provinces .

Ernst Christian Ludwig von Wardenburg

Ernst Christian Ludwig von Wardenburg in hunting gear
Livonia Governorate - Map from 1820 (Russian-German)

With the Wardenburgers a continuous and economical forest management developed. Ernst Christian Ludwig von Wardenburg (born December 31, 1810 in Husum; † January 28, 1886 in Arensburg) opened the decisive era for forest and tree afforestation in Estonia. He was born on December 31, 1810 in Husum and attended the local school there. Then he began his training as a hunting squire in 1833, these are young aristocrats who served a hunting master on the hunt . In the first half of the 19th century, scientific processing began in forestry and forest management and Wardenburg was interested in studying forestry. In 1829 the Technical University in Copenhagen opened its doors and from 1833 onwards it offered a degree in "Forestry". Wardenburg took up this offer, inspired by his cousin, and began his studies . In August 1838 he became a candidate for forestry and worked in various parts of Denmark as a forstoffizier, officer training took place in parallel. In 1839 he got a job in Saint Petersburg and worked in the responsible ministry for the administration of state forests , he passed a state examination and was granted permission to work as a forestry officer ( forester ) in the Baltic provinces. In 1840 he settled in Lissino , near Saint Petersburg, and worked in the Ministry of Agriculture. On the recommendation of the Russian reformer Pawel Dmitrijewitsch Kisseljow , Ludwig von Wardenburg took over a forestry post in Livonia in 1841, which included both state and private forest areas. He settled on the island of Ösel in Arensburg , his superior was the district forester Karl Pontus von Nolcken , whose successor he became in 1845. In 1849 the family was included in the nobility register of the Ösel knighthood. With the assumption of office, a personnel and structural reorganization of the foresters began. In 1860 he presented a management program for the forest management of the state forests on Ösel, this included not only the logging, but also the planting and breeding of trees. In particular, reforestation was an important part of the "Wardenburg forest plantations", with which he finally converted 51 percent of the ösel island area into forests. He made sure that mainly spruce and birch , but also mixed forests, were planted. The subordinate forest districts received the necessary seeds from conifers . As a result of his work, afforestation and the associated economic growth in these regions increased. On January 27, 1869, Ludwig retired from active service and died on February 9, 1886 at the age of 75 in Kuressaare.

Eugen Friedrich Ludwig von Wardenburg

His successor was his son Eugen Friedrich Ludwig von Wardenburg (born January 11, 1843 in Arensburg; † February 11, 1920 in Arensburg) on ​​June 5, 1869, as head of Livonian forestry. He attended grammar school in Arensburg and, after successfully completing it, began studying chemistry and economics . From 1862 to 1863 he studied at the Humboldt University in Berlin and from 1863 to 1865 at the University of Zurich . Then he returned to Arensburg and worked as an assistant in the economic administration of the Saare district . He consistently continued the work of his father and thus founded an environmental concept at an early age that was based on ecological and economical forestry. He developed projects that expanded beyond the Baltic borders and thus promoted environmental protection . He campaigned for a qualified training of forest officials, reformed the forest schools and streamlined the staffing of forest posts. He was considered a recognized teacher. In 1913 the "Saaremaa Society of Friends of Nature" was founded, which began with active nature conservation on the island of Ösel. His career was interrupted in 1914 by the outbreak of World War I, since he was also a Russian citizen, he was considered a suspicious and politically undesirable person. In addition, there were disagreements between the forest and military authorities, as the military used the wood reserves to build positions. Eugen Friedrich was married to Ottilie von Nolcken, a daughter of Karl Pontus von Nolcken, and two of his three sons later also worked in forestry. He died on February 11, 1920 at the age of 77 in Arensburg.

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the Baltic branch showed a golden oak trunk lying across in blue with two leaves and three acorns. Blazon according to the approved coat of arms by Frederick VI. (Copenhagen Reichsarchiv): The oak branch grows from the middle of a bent, sloping branch that is cut off at both ends. The edge of the shield is steel-colored and not studded with 6 but with 6 pairs of golden nails as in Klingspor . Crest like in a shield (growing out of a blue ostrich feather).

  • Coat of arms of the von Wardenburg family in Siebmacher's coat of arms books

  • Coat of arms of those von Wardenburg in the Baltic heraldic book

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Skeel & Kannegaard Genealogy Carl Leopold von Blücher , documented there by Danmarks Adels Aarbog.
  2. ↑ v. Wardenburg Bernhard Dietrich [1]  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.von-restorff.de  
  3. ↑ Essen, Nicolai von: Genealogisches Handbuch der Oeselschen Ritterschaft, Genealogisches Handbuch der Oeselschen Ritterschaft, Tartu 1935 [2]
  4. ↑ The Jagdjunker [3]
  5. ↑ A hundred years ago, nature lovers from Saaremaa and the Latvian capital Riga decided to found a reserve to protect the numerous species of birds whose nests were regularly plundered by the islanders at the time. Today the entire western part of the island is under nature protection. "From the restricted area to the natural paradise" [4]
  6. ^ Wardenburg coat of arms from Denmark "Wardenburg Dan Saxe" [5]
  7. ^ Klingspor, Carl Arvid: Baltic Wappenbuch, Stockholm 1882 [6]