Westernhagen (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the von Westernhagen

Westernhagen is the name of an old Thuringian noble family . The family, some of whose branches still exist today, originally belonged to the primeval nobility from the Golden Mark .

history

origin

Wall of the Westernhagen Castle

The family was first mentioned in a document in 1258 with Conradus and Hermannus de Indagine (Hagen). The uninterrupted line of the family begins with the latter Hermannus . The name changes from de Indagine , from Hayn , from Hagen to von Westernhagen .

Around 1300 relatives built a castle for Osternhagen near Hundeshagen . But as early as 1123 (first mentioned in a document in 1288) the lords of Berlingerode are said to have built the old moated castle Hagen ( Burg Westernhagen ) near Berlingerode . The von Berlingerode were probably related to those of Hagen. Members of the family later named themselves after the old moated castle of Westernhagen after the second castle in the east was built.

Expansion and possessions

Even at the time the castle was built, the family owned extensive allodial goods . For example in Berlingerode , Teistungen , Bleckenrode , Brehme (2 manors) and Ecklingerode (2 manors). In addition, there were fiefs of the Quedlinburg monastery in Nesselröden , Dudenborn, Campe, Gerblingerode , Immingerode and Tiftlingerode . In the course of time there were feudal relationships with the Counts of Blankenburg and, after their extinction, with their successors, the Dukes of Braunschweig and the Counts of Scharzfeld, the Lords of Eberstein , the rule of Plesse and the Archbishopric of Mainz . Some of the feudal estates were passed on to vassals as after- fiefs .

During the Peasants' War in 1525, the castles Osternhagen and Westernhagen were destroyed. Today only the hill of the castle is left of the east hagen castle, the wall and the moat still remind of the castle western hagen. The Eichsfeld was also badly affected by the Thirty Years' War and was repeatedly crossed by all warring parties. But the internal order could be maintained by the knighthood under the leadership of Hans Albrecht von Westernhagen. The Seven Years' War also brought a lot of hardship and destruction, as the Western Hagens courts in particular were plundered. In addition, there were high contributions in terms of contributions .

Since a large part of the local knightly families converted to the Protestant faith , they were denied the positions of canon in the cathedral chapter. So the sons who were born afterwards often had only to accept officer positions, which led to a high blood toll. The sons of those von Westernhagen were admitted to the page corps and brought up under the Prussian King Friedrich II . By 1918, seven of them had been appointed generals. In the First World War twelve officers were from the family Westlife, in the Second World War there were thirteen. After its end, the family's estates in the GDR were expropriated . After the German reunification , the Oberhof in Teistungen , a manor that was bought by the Westernhagen as early as 1283, was restored by the chairman of the family association.

A family association was founded on June 27, 1908, and has been holding family days every two years since December 4, 1909.

Lines and personalities

Hans and Burchard were the founders of the two lines of the family. Hans von Westernhagen (* 1357; † between 1429 and 1433) was the progenitor of the Teistunger line and Burchard von Westernhagen (* around 1360; † before 1419) the founder of the line to Berlingerode.

Teistunger line

The Teistungen line was divided into the branches of Teistungen-Oberhof, founded by Heinrich Ludwig von Westernhagen (* around 1665, † 1740), and Teistungen-Unterhof, founded by Arnold Ludwig von Westernhagen (1668–1733). From the first branch came Hugo Ludwig Hans Lewin von Westernhagen (1800–1870), Prussian Rittmeister and district deputy . In 1821 he married Leopoldiene Hoffmann, daughter of the mayor of Duderstadt and councilor Karl Hoffmann. The Prussian major general Heinrich Ferdinand Julius von Westernhagen (1828–1905) came from the marriage . His son from his second marriage to Auguste Defoy, Heinrich Friedrich Lewin von Westernhagen (1864–1925), also became a Prussian major general.

August Levin Ferdinand von Westernhagen (* 1817) came from the Teistungen-Unterhof branch. He died in 1866 as a Prussian lieutenant colonel . His brother Ferdinand Karl Albrecht von Westernhagen (1824-1882) was a Prussian major and knight of the Order of St. John . Thilo von Westernhagen (1853–1920), a son of August Levin Ferdinand from his marriage to Agnes von Bülzingslöwen , died in Hanover as a Prussian infantry general . He was married to Anna Klara Gräfin zur Lippe-Weißenfeld since 1886 . In 1955, with the death of his son Thilo August Armin Wilhelm von Westernhagen (* 1887), the Teistungen-Unterhof branch became extinct in the male line .

  • Teistungen, Oberhof

  • Teistungen, Unterhof

Berlingeroder Line

The Berlingeroder line also divided into two branches that were founded by Otto and Ernst. The branch founded by Otto (* before 1478; † before 1521) was divided into three further branches. The progenitor of the first branch to Mockrau in West Prussia was Eduart von Westernhagen (1793-1851). His son Eduard Ernst Thilo von Westernhagen (1829–1895), a plantation owner in San Salvador , married Helene Mathilde Edle von Daniels in San Francisco in 1881 . With the death of his grandson Eduard Ernst Thilo Otto von Westernhagen in 1968, the branch in the male line became extinct. The second branch, founded by Ernst Ludwig von Westernhagen (1797–1865), also died out in the male line in 1942 with the death of Gustav von Westernhagen (* 1868), Prussian major general. The third branch, founded by Thilo von Westernhagen (1804–1872), is still in flower today. From this branch came Eduard Ernst Louis von Westernhagen (1851-1921), Prussian lieutenant general and legal knight of the Order of St. John.

The second branch of the Berlingeroder line founded by Ernst von Westernhagen (* before 1478; † between 1557 and 1559) split into two branches, the founders of which were Ernst Heinrich (1687–1732) and Johann Philipp Erich (1702–1783). The first, also called Ecklinroder branch, was again divided into four houses. From this branch came among others Gustav Adolph Ludwig Albert von Westernhagen (1805-1886). In 1832 he married Magdalena, daughter of the superintendent and rector of the Erfurt University Prof. Mauritius Geilfuss. Her son Richard Moritz Louis von Westernhagen (* 1836) died as a Prussian lieutenant general in 1893. The second branch founded two houses. Members of this branch were Anselm Louis von Westernhagen (1804–1878), ducal court officer of Brunswick , and Hermann Karl Maximilian Julius von Westernhagen (1851–1900), mayor of Lengsfeldt .

Family coat of arms of those von Westernhagen, here with leopard

coat of arms

Coat of arms from 1258

A coat of arms that appeared as early as 1258 shows an upright silver lion in blue . On the helmet with blue-silver helmet covers on both sides, a pole-right and a horizontal blow catcher, equipped with natural peacock plumes.

Coat of arms from 1447

A coat of arms from 1447 shows an erect silver leopard in blue . On the helmet with blue-silver helmet covers four, two by stake and two by bars, golden arrows.

Known family members

Noble court Westernhagen

The area of ​​the judicial district belonged to Mark Duderstadt in the early Middle Ages and came to Kurmainz from the 14th century . The Lords of Westernhagen exercised jurisdiction in their office. The judicial district included the places Berlingerode, Bleckenrode, Ecklingerode, Brehme, Ferna, Hundeshagen, Teistungen and other places that no longer exist today. After the Westernhagen Castle was destroyed, the seat of the judicial district was relocated to its new headquarters in Teistungen and Berlingerode. In Berlingerode, the field name Sponstätte still reminds of a place of court, the gallows was between Berlingerode and Teistungen.

literature

  • Dörte von Westernhagen , Thomas F. Schneider (ed.): From rule to allegiance: The von Westerhagens in the Third Reich. V & R Unipress, Göttingen 2012; ISBN 978-3-89971-969-7 .
  • Harald von Westernhagen: The family of the von Westernhagen on the Eichsfeld: 1258–1958. Self published in 1958.
  • Max von Westernhagen: History of the von Westernhagen family over a period of 7 centuries. Reprint d. Output v. 1909, Eichsfeld Verlag, Heiligenstadt 2003, ISBN 978-3-935782-01-2 .
  • Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume XVI, Volume 137 of the complete series, pages 132-133; CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 2005, ISSN  0435-2408
  • Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Adelige Häuser A Volume XX, Volume 93 of the complete series, pages 407–449; CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1988, ISSN  0435-2408
  • Coat of arms of those von Westernhagen from Johann Siebmacher's coat of arms book (1605)
  • Coat of arms of the von Westernhagen (as Westerhagen) in volume 1 of the Johann Siebmacher coat of arms book in 5 volumes (1701)
  • Helmut Godehardt: Land taxpayers from the villages of the Electoral Mainz office of Scharfenstein and the court of Westernhagen in 1548. In: EJb 14 (2006), pp. 133-140.
  • Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Uradelige houses. The nobility born in Germany (primeval nobility). 1915. Sixteenth year, Justus Perthes, Gotha 1914, p. 799 ff.

Web links

Commons : Westernhagen  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Bavarian Main State Archives, Munich
  2. ↑ a b c Genealogical manual of the nobility . Nobility Lexicon. Volume XVI, Volume 137 of the complete series, pp. 132-133.
  3. ^ Entry on Westernhagen in the private database "Alle Burgen".
  4. ↑ a b c d von-westernhagen.com ( Memento of the original from October 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.von-westernhagen.com
  5. ↑ a b c d Genealogical manual of the nobility . Noble houses A. Volume XX, Volume 93 of the complete series, pp. 407–449.
  6. ↑ in: Die Regesten der Mainz Erzbischöfe, URI: http://www.ingrossaturbuecher.de/id/person/9422 (accessed on April 18, 2017)
  7. ↑ in: Die Regesten der Mainz Erzbischöfe, URI: http://www.ingrossaturbuecher.de/id/source/6819 (accessed on April 18, 2017)
  8. ↑ a b Bernhard Opfermann : Gestalten des Eichsfeldes. St. Benno-Verlag Leipzig and Verlag FW Cordier Heiligenstadt 1968
  9. ↑ G. Reichel: Historical map of the district of Worbis. 1913