Westerode (Duderstadt)
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Westerode
City of Duderstadt
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| Height : | 168 m above sea level NN | |
| Residents : | 747 (Nov. 1, 2019) | |
| Incorporation : | 1st February 1971 | |
| Postal code : | 37115 | |
| Area code : | 05527 | |
Location of Westerode in Lower Saxony |
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 View of Westerode from Sulberg
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Westerode is a district of the city of Duderstadt in Untereichsfeld in the district of Göttingen in Lower Saxony .
geography
The village is located two kilometers northwest of Duderstadt on the federal highway 446 in the direction of Esplingerode in the middle of the Golden Mark . The Nathe , a tributary of the Hahle, flows through the village . Elevations are in the otherwise flat landscape of the Hörberg (198 m) in the northwest and the Euzenberg (286 m) in the south.
history
Westerode was first mentioned in a document in October 1196, whereby the name is meant literally: a clearing in the west. Archbishop Konrad I von Wittelsbach took the goods and income of the Weende Monastery near Göttingen under his protection, including tithe rights in Westerode. There is also a document that mentions Westerode around 1189, but that document turned out to be a forgery as early as the 19th century. However, it is possible that the falsified document, which has only been preserved in copy, was the one from 1196 that served as a template. The falsification is indicated not least by the fact that in the document the Vogt Hermanus de Grona is listed, who in another document dated April 4, 1242, as a witness of a donation by Otto von Plesse to the Teutonic Order in Bilshausen miles Henricus de Westerot is called. The first pastor is mentioned in 1261, in the person of Luderus sacerdos in Wesderrod . Towards the end of the 13th century, a certain influence of the Pöhlde monastery gradually became noticeable, which initially bought a tithe from Duderstädter Wernher von Seulingen in 1278 and received another from the two brothers Johannes and Wernherus de Westerodt. With the renunciation of the knight Heinrich von Rinne, the monastery was entitled to patronage rights over the Westeröder church from April 1295 , before it was incorporated into the monastery in 1301.
From 1432 to 1807 the place was one of the eleven council villages of the city of Duderstadt. He was obliged to pay taxes in the form of services and goods. The work stipulated that the rear saddlers , who were compulsory for duty, had to rake the hay when driving in from the large museum meadow without draft cattle. The municipality had to provide the necessary wagons. As a reward, the rear saddlers were entitled to a can of beer (approx. 2 liters) and 2 donuts. The peasants who were compulsorily obliged to bring pebbles from the Oder near Herzberg and to transport wood for the town forester, church and school staff, tower and night watchmen, and the bailiff. Furthermore, the tension workers helped the rear saddlers with the entry of the hay by making wagons available. In the levies, you can find the oat grass, which every council and Kespeldorf town of Duderstadt was obliged to deliver from the end of the 15th century. This involved a certain amount of oats, which were intended as feed for the horses of the city stables . In addition there was a small amount for the maintenance of the Knicks , the outermost line of defense of the city.
In the wars of the 17th and 18th centuries, Westerode suffered looting, high contributions, and was used for billeting purposes for the military. In 1636 the town contributed 118 Reichstaler, 29 good groschen, and 13 pfennigs to the municipal contribution of Duderstadt. When in 1645 the Swedish general Königsmarck von Duderstadt again asserted payment claims, which amounted to a total of 17 1/2 Malter Korn, 6 Malter Barley, 22 Malter oats, 10 1/2 barrels of beer and 1,490 pounds of meat, Westerode was stopped again, too to do its part. Even after the end of the Thirty Years' War , the small town experienced further crossings by various armies. From 1675 to 1677 and 1705, regiments from Hanover and Brandenburg came to Westerode, which had to bear the costs of billeting the troops. In 1675 the amount was 1,340 Reichstaler, 2 good groschen and 8 pfennigs.
On February 1, 1971, Westerode was incorporated into the city of Duderstadt.
Population development
Development of the population in Westerode:
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politics
Local council
The local council is made up of eight councilors and councilors, as the community of voters in Duderstädter Bürger only put up two candidates, although they are entitled to three seats.
(As of: local election on September 11, 2011 )
coat of arms
The coat of arms was approved on December 5, 1950.
The coat of arms shows a golden owl, which grows out of the left edge of the shield and sits on a black, lowered shield base, looking out of the blue background. There is also a hexagonal silver star at the bottom right. With the animal as a symbol of Westerode, the inhabitants are also known as the "Uhlen" (owls). The owl also alludes to the nearby Euzenberg .
Economy and Infrastructure
The Leinefelde – Duderstadt – Wulften line ran through the village since 1889 (construction period: 1886–1889) . Passenger traffic was discontinued in 1974 and freight traffic in the mid-1990s. From 1907 the Gartetalbahn , a narrow-gauge railway whose operation was discontinued in 1934, connected the district town of Duderstadt with the neighboring town of Göttingen; During this time, Westerode had a second train station on the southwestern outskirts.
Until 1965, the village was dominated by agriculture. The brick factory founded in 1885 , which was active until 1974 and then ceased operations, was of great importance . The dairy , which was founded in 1934 and closed in 1991, was of similar importance . Tobacco growing also played an important role in Westerode, which was introduced in Duderstadt in 1660. In Westerode, the growers merged in 1919/1920 to form the "Tobacco Verwertungsgenossenschaft Untereichsfeld GmbH", which was then joined by the surrounding communities of the Untereichsfeld. In the period from 1920 to 1936 the number of tobacco growers in Westerode rose from 82 to almost 100, the area under cultivation expanded from 31.5 to 39.6 acres in the same period , and in 1950 it was 56 acres. It was not until a fungal disease that occurred in 1954/1955 that further tobacco cultivation in Eichsfeld was destroyed. In 1995 there were a total of 11 craft businesses, three trading businesses, a vegetable growing business and ten agricultural businesses in the town.
Attractions
St. John Baptist Church
The Catholic Church of St. John is a successor to the Baroque church built in 1714 and demolished in 1899 . It presents itself with a neo-Gothic hall with a lower choir and an entrance crowned with lashes in the tower facade. Furthermore, small gravel stones on the grouting of the light sandstone walls stand out on the outside . In the interior, a ribbed vault spans three bays of the nave and a choir bay. Two round columns, placed just in front of the side walls, form the arcades, which divide the room into main and side aisles. A large, dominant tracery window behind the neo-Gothic carved altar in the choir from the time the church was built determines the further appearance of the church interior. It bears representations of the Trinity accompanied by Saints Elizabeth and John .
In 1938 the Otto bell foundry from Hemelingen / Bremen supplied two bronze bells, which were confiscated and melted down during World War II. The ringing was renewed in 1959 with two Otto bells. The bells sound with the notes g and c; they have a diameter of 1020 mm and 764 mm.
Since November 1, 2014, the church has belonged to the parish of St. Cyriakus , based in Duderstadt.
The evangelical chapel
The Protestant chapel, a neo-Gothic brick building with a pointed tower and retracted choir, which was built in 1901 by the Hanoverian architect Otto Bollweg , forms the second church in Westerode. A striking feature of the choir is its four-sided closed construction, which allows it to point outwards at an acute angle. The outer walls are three-dimensional and richly structured on a very small area, so they show multiple stepped borders of the three nave windows with deeply laid, light-plastered surfaces in the form of blind arches, frieze-like stone layers, patterns made of glazed stones, finials made of cylindrical shaped stones that are on the buttresses, as well as profiled ones brick framework on the choir windows. However, the interior of the chapel, which is rather simple, presents itself in a different way. The dimensions of the nave are only 10 m in length and 6 m in width and is covered by a trapezoidal wooden beam ceiling with a suspended support beam construction. Light sandstone consoles cover the ribs of the low choir vault, the altar and lectern come from the Stoffregen brothers from Hanover.
Christ the King Tower
On October 31, 1926, the monumental cross on the Euzenberg was inaugurated; the church consecration was carried out by the episcopal commissioner Stübe. The monumental cross is located above a twenty-meter-high stone obelisk, which is completed by a tour and from the gallery of which you can get a view of the Unterereichsfeld, the mountain ranges of the Obereichsfeld and the Harz Mountains . The cross rises another twenty meters above that gallery, which in earlier times only bore a plaque with the inscription "Christ the King". In the seventies this board was replaced by the one created by the Duderstadt artist and museum director Blaschke. The cross has six horizontal bars that give the cross the shape of a triple double cross, symbolizing the threefold power of Christ. In an intermediate piece to a smaller, triple cross, there is a metal ball that contains the foundation deeds. The founder was Bernward Leineweber (1861–1927) from Nesselröden , who was an entrepreneur in Berlin as “Eichsfelder in der Fremde” and had the cross erected in memory of his hometown.
literature
- Hans-Heinrich Ebeling : The village history of Westerode . Mecke, Duderstadt, 1996. ISBN 3-923453-75-2
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ The villages of our city. Population statistics (as of November 1, 2019) , accessed on May 7, 2020.
- ^ A b Hans-Heinrich Ebeling: The village history of Westerode . Mecke, Duderstadt 1996, ISBN 3-923453-75-2 , p. 19 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 206 .
- ↑ http://wahlen.kds.de/2011kw/Daten/152007_000074/index.html
- ↑ Hans-Heinrich Ebeling: The village history of Westerode . Mecke, Duderstadt 1996, ISBN 3-923453-75-2 , p. 95 .
- ^ Gerhard Reinhold: Otto bells. Family and company history of the Otto bell foundry dynasty . Self-published, Essen 2019, ISBN 978-3-00-063109-2 , p. 588 (here in particular pp. 549, 577).
- ↑ Gerhard Reinhold: Church bells - Christian world cultural heritage, illustrated using the example of the bell founder Otto, Hemelingen / Bremen (= dissertation at the Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen ). Nijmegen / NL 2019, p. 556 (here in particular pp. 499, 511).
Breitenberg | Brochthausen | Desingerode | Duderstadt | Esplingerode | Fuhrbach | Gerblingerode | Hilkerode | Immingerode | Langenhagen | Mingerode | Nettles | Tiftlingerode | Werxhausen | Westerode