Wilibald von Schulenburg

Wilibald von Schulenburg

Wilibald von Schulenburg (also Willibald von Schulenburg; born April 6, 1847 in Charlottenburg , † April 29, 1934 in Berlin-Zehlendorf ) was a German landscape painter and folklorist .

life and work

Wilibald von Schulenburg comes from the noble family Schulenburg in the Altmark and was born as the son of the royal court hunter and master hunter in Grunewald Castle, Ludwig Anton von Schulenburg (born April 27, 1809 in Frankfurt am Main ; † June 5, 1869). From March 1852 he grew up with an older brother in the Grunewald hunting lodge. After lessons by private tutors , he was a student at the Pädagogium Charlottenburg, the successor to the Cauer Institute founded by Ludwig Cauer (1792-1834) , and at the Friedrichswerder Gymnasium in Berlin. After graduating from high school in 1868, he joined the 2nd Guards Regiment on Foot No. 7 as a flag boy . After his promotion to lieutenant, he took part in the Franco-German War . Because of a serious wound near the village of Sainte-Marie-aux-Chênes during the storming of Saint Privat de la Montagne on August 18, 1870, his left arm had to be amputated. He was promoted to the governor of Poznan as adjutant until he voluntarily resigned from the military as prime lieutenant in 1875 . A call to the private secretary of the later Emperor Friedrich III. he refused. Instead he took lessons in landscape painting and, after retiring from military service , settled in Charlottenburg as a marine and landscape painter. He created oil paintings and small-format views from the area around Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg region . Study trips took him to Norway in 1875 and to Hesse in 1876.

From 1876 to 1879 he lived with the small farmer Badarak in Burg (Spreewald) , drew the houses and clothes of the local population, learned the Lower Sorbian language and collected sagas and customs - among others from the fisherman Kito Pank - which he wrote in his book Wendische Volkssagen und Published customs from the Spreewald . Rudolf Virchow aroused his interest in prehistory in 1879 and carried out excavations with him on the Schlossberg near Burg , in Brahmow near Werben (Spreewald) and on urn fields in the area. In 1880 Schulenburg organized the final excursion to the Spreewald for the International Congress of Anthropologists in Berlin . Then he lived for some time in a loop in the Prussian Upper Lusatia in order to familiarize himself with the legends there. He published the sagas of the farmer Johann Hantscho-Hano partly in his book Wendisches Volkstum in Sage, Brauch und Sitte , published in 1882, partly in the Niederlausitzer Mitteilungen (Volume 3, pp. 223-230 and 292-299, as well as Volume 14, p . 1-72). For nine months he worked as a freelancer in the reorganization of the prehistoric collection in the Museum of Ethnology in Berlin . He described his four-year stay in Upper Bavaria and Italy in the essay A Farmhouse in the Berchtesgadener Ländchen . Then he lived in Berlin and traveled to the Black Forest , visiting Sylt , Borkum and Bornholm . After the First World War he moved to Oldenburg, later to Neustrelitz , where his wife died on July 5, 1929, which moved him to return to Berlin. He experienced the new edition of his Wendish folk tales and the preparations for the second edition of Wendish folk folklore . In February 1934 he fell as a result of a faint attack and broke his thigh, from which he did not recover. He died in the Hubertus Hospital in Berlin-Zehlendorf and was buried in the Zehlendorf cemetery , Onkel-Tom-Straße. The grave site has since been leveled.

Schulenburg's estate is kept by the Heimatverein für die Bezirk Zehlendorf eV, some watercolors went to the Teltower District Museum. During his lifetime he donated his collection of prehistoric finds to the Berlin Völkerkundemuseum , items acquired afterwards to the Märkisches Museum , folk items to the Museum of Folklore and 29 small oil paintings and around 200 pencil drawings to the Niederlausitz Society for History and Archeology . Schulenburg was awarded the Iron Cross II. Class, the Participant Medal 1870/71 and the Zentenar Medal 1897. He was a member of the Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory (from 1880), the Society for Folklore in Berlin, a corresponding member of the Vienna Anthropological Society and the Fisheries Association for the Mark Brandenburg, honorary member of Brandenburgia and, since its founding in 1884, honorary member of the Niederlausitz Society for anthropology and prehistory.

Works

Schulenburg published his articles on observations of nature, legends, folklore and prehistoric finds in the monthly journal of the Society for Local History and Heritage Protection in the Mark Brandenburg "Brandenburgia" , in the journal for ethnology , negotiations of the Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory , journal of the association for Folklore and the Niederlausitz messages . His most important works were:

• with Rudolf Virchow: The Spreewald and the Schlossberg zu Burg . Wiegandt, Hempel & Parey, Berlin 1880
• Wendish folk tales and customs from the Spreewald . Brockhaus, Leipzig 1880; 2nd edition: Heine, Cottbus 1930 (with drawings by the author); Reprint of the 1st edition: M. Sehend, Wiesbaden 1969
• Wendish folk in legend, custom and custom . Nicolai-Verlag, Berlin 1882; 2nd edition: Harrassowitz, Leipzig 1934; Reprint: Kraus, Nendeln / Liechtenstein 1968; Reprint: Domowina, Bautzen 1985, 1988 and 1993, ISBN 3-7420-0262-7
• Märkische Herberei from the Teltow district . In: Brandenburgia . 5th year, 1896/97, pp. 137–205
• A farmhouse in the Berchtesgadener Ländchen . In: Communications from the Anthropological Society in Vienna . Volume 26, Vienna 1896, pp. 61–86
• The shepherdess in a Brandenburg village in the first half of the last century . In: Archives of Brandenburgia, Society for Local Lore of the Province of Brandenburg in Berlin . Volume 11, 1904, pp. 1-126
• Internal folklore . In: Robert Mielke , Wilibald von Schulenburg, Heinrich Lohre and Albert Kiekebusch : Regional studies of the province of Brandenburg. Volume 3. Folklore . Dietrich Reimer, Berlin 1912, pp. 161-261
• Delnjoserbske a namjezne ludowe pěsnje [Lower Sorbian and related folk songs]. In: Časopis Maćicy Serbskeje . Volume 65, 1912, pp. 81-138

literature

• Robert Mielke : Wilibald von Schulenburg . In: Brandenburgia . Volume 43, 1934, pp. 62–65 (with catalog raisonné)
• Karl Gander : Wilibald von Schulenburg † . In: Niederlausitzer Mitteilungen . Volume 23, 1935, pp. 162–166 (with additions to the catalog raisonné in the Brandenburgia )
• Otto Lehmann: Wilibald von Schulenburg: Wendish folklore in legend, custom and custom . In: Journal of Slavic Philology . Volume 14, 1937, pp. 216–225 (obituary and review of the 2nd edition of Wendish Volkstums)
• Frido Mětšk : Schulenburg, Wilibald von . In: Ernst Eichler (Ed.): Slavonic Studies in Germany from the Beginnings to 1945 . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1993, ISBN 3-7420-1538-9 , pp. 360-361
• Fritz Bönisch : Schulenburg, Willibald v. In: Friedrich Beck and Eckart Henning (eds.): Brandenburgisches Biographisches Lexikon (= individual publication by the Brandenburg Historical Commission eV, Volume 5). Verlag für Berlin-Brandenburg, Potsdam 2002, ISBN 3-935035-39-X , p. 359 (with portrait).

Web links

Wikisource: Wilibald von Schulenburg  - Sources and full texts

Commons : Wilibald von Schulenburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Brigitte Emmrich: Schulenburg, Wilibald (Willibald) from . In: Institute for Saxon History and Folklore (Ed.): Saxon Biography .
• Siegfried Kohlschmidt: Wilibald von Schulenburg - Bodarakojc molar ( Memento from October 16, 2007 in the Internet Archive ). In: Lusatian country and people. Supplement to the green local newspaper . Issue 9, May 2002 (with portrait)
• Short biography and information on the work of Wilibald von Schulenburg at Literaturport (with portrait)
• Literature by and about Wilibald von Schulenburg in the catalog of the German National Library