Wolff von Gudenberg

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Coat of arms of the Wolff von Gudenberg since 1272
Coat of arms of the Wolff von Gudenberg since 1479

Wolff von Gudenberg is the name of an old Hessian noble family who was elevated to the baron status in 1873 . The part of the family who are wealthy in Hesse is still registered with the Knighthood of Althessia .

A branch line of the Wolff von Gudenberg since 1440 are the Rhenish Wolff-Metternich .

origin

The family of Wolff von Gudenberg, often referred to in older literature as the "Wölffe von Gudenberg" or "Lupi" (Latin: wolves), is first tangible in 1213 with Arnold I, who is therefore considered to be the founder of the family looks at. The nickname of the sex refers to its ancestral home on the small or the large Gudenberg near Zierenberg in northern Hesse . Whether the family, like the bullheads of Gudenberg , is a branch of the lords of Gudenberg known from 1190 onwards , or whether these three families were merely castle men together on one or both of the two castles on the two Gudenberg peaks and the identity of the names is therefore not proven. The fact that the three families were closely related to one another is evident from the fact that they formed a community of heirs with regard to a number of Mainz and Ravensberg fiefs .

Status survey

The brothers Otto, Gottlob and Carl Wolff von Gudenberg and their descendants received on March 10, 1873 Prussian approval to use the title of baron .

possession

In the course of time, the family, ministerials or feudal men of the Landgraves of Hesse , acquired allod , fiefdom and pledge ownership not only in the vicinity of the two family castles on the Gudenberg (both of which had already been destroyed by 1272 at the latest), but in particular also the Itter rule at the middle Eder , which Thile I. Wolff von Gudenberg 1381/1383 brought largely into his lien. After that his descendants called themselves Wolff von Gudenberg zu Itter. His grandson Thile II , Hessian councilor and bailiff of Zierenberg, added the Iterian coat of arms with the lion to his seal in 1479.

In 1542, Count von Waldeck canceled the pledge for the Mainz-Waldeck part of the Itter rulership, and in 1562 Landgrave Philipp von Hessen canceled the pledge for the Hessian part. The Wolff von Gudenberg had pretty much exploited the rule, and their income was no longer in proportion to the original pledge. Although they defended themselves in long trials before the Hessian court in Marburg and the Reich Chamber of Commerce in Speyer , they finally had to give in and withdrew to their remaining property in Höringhausen .

coat of arms

The family coat of arms shows a striding black wolf in silver . The wolf growing on the helmet with black and silver covers .

The coat of arms has been quartered since around 1479 and shows a striding black wolf in silver in fields 1 and 4 (main coat of arms), in fields 2 and 3 in blue a crowned golden lion (coat of arms of the extinct Lords of Itter ). On the helmet with black and silver covers on the right and blue and gold covers on the left, a growing, crowned black wolf. When Landgrave Wilhelm IV of Hessen-Kassel finally came to an agreement in 1568 with the Wolff von Gudenberg regarding the Itter rule, in the settlement concluded on May 6, 1568 in Kassel, the Wolff von Gudenberg stipulated the continuation of the Itterian coat of arms and from Landgrave Wilhelm expressly permitted.

"Until the end of the 13th century, the coat of arms of the Wolfe von Gudenberg consisted of a so-called wall anchor , like that of those von Rödersen, Helfenbert, Hatzfeld, Breidenbach, Plesse etc. The von Breidenbach family could be viewed as a branch of the Wolfe von Gudenberg, because she led a wolf on her helmet. Since the beginning of the 14th century, however, the wolves have been using a wolf instead of the wall anchors and after acquiring the Itter rule around 1479 they also added the Itter lion ”.

According to HJ von Brockhusen, the Wolff von Gudenberg exchanged the wolf iron in their coat of arms for the striding black wolf after 1272 . Both the wolf iron and the wolf, as talking coats of arms, indicated the former membership of the Wolfhagen castle team.

Wolff-Metternich branch line

A branch line of the Wolff von Gudenberg are the Rhenish Wolff-Metternich . This line was created in 1440 through the marriage of Gotthard (Goddart) Wolff von Gudenberg zu Itter with Sybilla von Metternich . Gotthard thus acquired shares in the Metternich lordship near Euskirchen and now called himself Wolff von Metternich. The Imperial and Electoral Cologne Chamberlain and Court Marshal Johann Adolf Wolff called von Metternich was elevated to the status of imperial baron in 1637 . In 1731, Baron Franz-Joseph von Wolff-Metternich zur Gracht , Imperial Chamberlain and Imperial Court Councilor, raised a branch of this line to the status of Imperial Count.

Root list 1200–1500

Epitaph in the village church of Wichdorf of Maria Wolff von Gudenberg, who was killed by a lightning strike while attending church in 1576

This family tree of the house is based on the genealogical table compiled by Georg Landau and published in 1839 for the period from around 1200 to around 1500. Unless otherwise stated, the annual dates in brackets indicate the year or period of documentary mention.

  1. Arnold (?)
    1. Arnold I. (1213–1248), ⚭ 1) Gertrud, ⚭ 2) Bertha
      1. Theodrich I. (1237–1272), ⚭ Hildegunde
        1. Arnold II (1272)
        2. Theodrich II (1272)
      2. Eberhard I. (1239–1282), ⚭ Walpurga von Rosdorf
        1. Arnold III (1272–1313), ⚭ Kunigunde
        2. Ludwig I (1272–1291)
        3. Eberhard II. (1272-1310)
          1. Eberhard III. (1322-1350)
          2. Arnold IV. (1322–1376), ⚭ Agnes von Brakel
            1. Thile I. (1382, † approx. 1406), ⚭ Jutta von Büren
              1. Wolf I. (1382, † approx. 1459), ⚭ Margarethe von Dernbach
                1. Thile II. (1439–1480), ⚭ Anna von Zufraß († February 14, 1509)
                  1. Wolf II. (1471–1493), founder of the Meimbressen line , which went out in 1671 with Ernst Moritz
                  2. Arnold VIII. (1472–1519), ⚭ Katharina von Bischoffshausen , his line died out with his grandchildren
                  3. Johann (1476–1489), no descendants
                  4. Thilo III. (1476–1538), ⚭ Katharina von Löwenstein , founder of the line in Höringhausen
                    1. Christoph, ⚭ Margarete von Boyneburg
                  5. Georg (1476–1533), ⚭ NN von Hanxleden . his line died out in 1583 with his sons
                  6. Elisabeth, ⚭ Rudolph Voigt
                2. Arnold VII (1439)
              2. Arnold VI./Arndt (1388, † approx. 1459)
                1. Wilhelm (1429)
                  1. Gotthard Wolff called Metternich
              3. Lessa ⚭ Stephan von der Malsburg
              4. Jutta ⚭ Friedrich von Padberg
            2. Arnold V († 1398), Abbot of Hasungen , then Abbot of Corvey
          3. Ludwig II (1322-1350)
        4. Konrad (1272)
        5. Theodrich III. (1272-1291)
    2. NN (1213)

Known members of the family

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Georg Landau : The Hessian knight castles and their owners , Volume 4, 1839, "Die Wolfe von Gudenburg", p. 262ff. - Plate 3 ( Memento from May 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ Rudolf von Buttlar-Elberberg: Register of the Knights of the Old Hessen , "Wolff von Gudenberg" - Plate I.
  3. ↑ Landau, Ritterburgen ... , "The two Gudenburgen", p. 233ff. - digitized
  4. ↑ Landau, Ritterburgen ... , "The bullhead of Gudenburg", p. 237ff. - Plate 1 ( Memento from June 30, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )
  5. ↑ Landau: Ritterburgen ... , "Die von Gudenburg", p. 243ff. - Plate 2 ( Memento from January 12, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ^ According to Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Adelslexikon Volume XVI, 2005, p. 341
  7. ^ Johann Adam Kopp: Brief historical message from the Lords of Itter, an ancient noble house in Hesse. Edited by Carl Philipp Kopp, Philipp Casimir Müller, Marburg, 1751 (pp. 166–167)
  8. ^ Rudolf von Buttlar-Elberberg: Stammbuch der Althessische Ritterschaft , 1888, p. 189
  9. ↑ Hans Joachim von Brockhusen: Wolves and wolf iron as coats of arms in the districts of Frankenberg and Biedenkopf , 3rd part, in: From the past of our homeland , history supplement of the Marburger press , No. 58 (December 13, 1950).
  10. ↑ Georg Landau, The Hessian Knight Castles and their Owners, Vol. 4, Kassel 1839, p. 282 ( Memento from May 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  11. ^ Johann Friedrich Schannat: Eiflia Illustrata, or geographical and historical description of the Eifel; Translated from Latin by Georg Bärsch. Second volume, second division, Lintz, Trier, 1844, p. 562
  12. ^ Johann Friedrich Schannat: Eiflia Illustrata, or geographical and historical description of the Eifel; Translated from Latin by Georg Bärsch. Second volume, second division, Lintz, Trier, 1844, p. 562
  13. ↑ Member of the Corps Teutonia Marburg

literature

Web links