Thile I. Wolff von Gudenberg

Thile I. Wolff von Gudenberg (also Thilo; † 1404/06) was a Hessian nobleman , pledge holder of the Itter rule on the middle Eder in Northern Hesse , and landgrave-Hessian bailiff in Kassel .

origin

He came from the knightly family of Wolff von Gudenberg , which got its nickname from its ancestral home on the Great Gudenberg near Zierenberg and its male members mostly as ministerials and castle men of the more powerful territorial lords of the area ( Archbishopric Mainz , Landgraviate Hesse , County Waldeck , Abbey Corvey ) served. He was the older son of Arnold IV Wolff von Gudenberg (mentioned 1322-1376) and his wife Agnes von Brakel . His brother Arnold V († 1398) became abbot of the nearby Hasungen monastery and was then abbot of Corvey from 1396 until his death .

Life

Although he, according to Georg Landau , was satisfied with the status of a nobleman and renounced his personal accolade , Thile Wolff von Gudenberg was certainly one of the most important offspring of his family. He succeeded in bringing the Itter rule into the possession of his house and thereby transforming the low-nobility Wolff von Gudenberg from Burgmannen and Ministerials to regional territorial lords. Thile obviously enjoyed a high reputation as a capable and reliable liege man of the Landgraves of Hesse and the Counts of Waldeck . He must also have successfully increased his wealth, because he was obviously able to lend his liege lords considerable sums - or his services were so valuable that they could only be paid for by mortgaging property.

After the last of the Lords of Itter was stabbed to death in 1356 by a relative who took Kurmainz and Landgrave Henry II. Of Hesse the orphaned rule Itter owned and distributed them as far as parts of the same non-feudal other territorial rulers as Waldeck or Corvey were between themselves, whereby no new boundary was drawn, but all income was divided equally. Three years later, in 1359, Mainz pledged half of the rule to Count Otto II von Waldeck.

This in turn pledged Höringhausen in 1362 , which the Counts of Waldeck had held as pledge from the Lords of Itter since 1326, to Wolff von Gudenberg , probably to Thile's father Arnold IV. In 1381 Count Otto then pledged the entire Mainz half of the Itter rule for a total of 3585 guilders to Thile Wolff von Gudenberg. He also enfeoffed him with the Waldeck parts of the rule, namely the Lauterbach court near Obernburg and the scrubbing mill near Herzhausen . Two years later, in 1383, Landgrave Hermann II pledged the Hessian part of the Itter estate for 395 marks of silver and 300 shillings of Turnose also to Thile Wolff von Gudenberg, with which the entire Itter estate came into his lien. This Hessian part of Itter was initially pledged to the cousins ​​Stephan and Hermann von Schartenberg , subject to redemption and the opening of the Itterburg , and in 1376 passed to Hermann von Schartenberg. He died in 1382 and the pledge was transferred to Thile Wolff von Gudenberg. Thile had an heir to Hermann von Schartenberg, Friedrich III. von Hertingshausen , as a partner, which he soon gave up.

The following 21 villages belonged to the Itter rulership at that time: Altenlotheim , Asel , Basdorf , Ederbringhausen , Buchenberg , Dorfitter , Harbshausen , Herzhausen, Kirchlotheim , Marienhagen , Niederorke , Obernburg with the Lauterbach farm, Oberwerba (the western half), Schmittlotheim , Thalitter , Vöhl, the exclave Eimelrod with Hemmighausen and Deisfeld , and the exclave Höringhausen . Thile moved into Itterburg, now called himself "Wolff von Gudenberg zu Itter", and began building a new castle on the southern outskirts of Vöhl , which he made his residence.

In 1385, Thile was bailiff to Kassel and took on side of the Landgrave at the broken shortly after the war with the city of Kassel, Duke Balthasar of Thuringia , Duke Otto von Braunschweig-Göttingen and Mainz Archbishop Adolf I of Nassau , in part. As a reward for his services, Landgrave Hermann gave him in 1391 a number of the goods confiscated from the condemned Kassel citizens.

Thile Wolff of Gudenberg to Itter was a member of from the Sterner Bund emerged, on 29 September 1385 by 28 North Hesse, waldecker and Westphalian nobleman for a period of five years based Federation of hawks . After its dissolution, he became a member of the Bengler successor association founded in 1391 .

In 1395 the landgrave owed him 1000 pounds, for the payment of which the city of Zierenberg became a guarantor . When in 1398 the gentlemen Groppe von Gudenberg became extinct in the male line , he followed along with the gentlemen von Gudenberg in their settled fiefs; He received the Mainz on January 30, 1400 in Frankfurt, the Ravensberg on May 24, 1400 in Cologne.

Thile Wolff von Gudenberg died between 1404 and 1406, probably in Vöhl. He had greatly increased the property and reputation of his home. His grandson Thile II called himself Herr von Itter from 1476 and in 1479 added the coat of arms of those of Itter to his own.

It was not until 1542 that the Waldeckers, and in 1562 also the Landgraves of Hesse, redeemed their pledge on the Itter rule.

Marriage and offspring

Thile was married to Jutta von Büren . Secured descendants, according to Georg Landau, were a daughter named Jutta, who married a Friedrich von Padberg , and two sons, Wolf I. and Arnold VI., To whom the Kaufungen Abbey had pledged its property at Obermeiser and Escheberg in 1388 .

Johann Wolff, who is mentioned as the successor to Arnold Wolff as abbot in Hasungen Monastery, was probably a son of Thiles.

Wilhelm Wolff von Gudenberg zu Itter, who went to Andernach in 1429 and whose son Gotthard (Goddart) Wolff von Gudenberg zu Itter founded the house of Wolff-Metternich in 1440 with his marriage to Sybilla von Metternich , was probably a son of Arnold VI. and thus grandson Thiles.

Footnotes

1. ^ Johann Friedrich Schannat: Eiflia Illustrata, or geographical and historical description of the Eifel ; Translated from Latin by Georg Bärsch. Second volume, second division, Lintz, Trier, 1844, p. 562

literature

• Georg Landau: The Hessian knight castles and their owners. Volume 4, JJ Bohné, Kassel 1839, pp. 265–266 - source at google-books .