Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg
Mannheim, Dalberghaus (today part of the city library) and Dalberg monument
The so-called Dalberg stage model (around 1800, today Reiss-Engelhorn-Museen Mannheim) is a replica of a stage with stage technology that was common at the Mannheim theater in Dalberg's time.
Tomb in the main cemetery in Mannheim

Wolfgang Heribert Freiherr von Dalberg (born November 18, 1750 in Mainz , baptized there in St. Emmeran on that day ; † September 27, 1806 in Mannheim ) was a leading civil servant first in the Electoral Palatinate , later in the Grand Duchy of Baden and became known primarily as Director of the National Theater in Mannheim.

origin

Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg was a son of Franz Heinrich von Dalberg and his wife, Maria Sophie Anna (* October 5, 1722, † November 30, 1763), daughter of Karl Anton Ernst von Eltz-Kempenich , called Faust von Stromberg. Wolfgang Heribert's brothers were the future Archbishop of Mainz , Grand Duke of Frankfurt and Prince Primate of Germany, Karl Theodor von Dalberg , and Johann Friedrich Hugo von Dalberg .

family

Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg married on January 12, 1771, August 12, 1771 or August 15, 1771 Elisabeth Augusta (* June 17, 1751, † October 19, 1818 or † September 28, 1816 in Mannheim), daughter of Johann Philipp Ulner von Dieburg and Maria Luise von Loë zu Wissen. She was thus a granddaughter of the court official and diplomat Franz Pleickard Ulner von Dieburg . The couple had the following children:

  1. Maria Anna Charlotte Antonetta Walpurgis (* May 28, 1772 in Herrnsheim; † June 6, 1772 in Mainz)
  2. Emmerich Joseph Franz Heinrich Felix Dismas, Duke of Dalberg (born May 30, 1773 in Mainz, † April 27, 1833 Herrnsheim Castle), French Minister of State and Peer of France .
  3. Maria Anna Charlotte Antonetta Walpurgis (born May 30, 1773 in Mainz, † May 28, 1778 in Herrnsheim)
  4. Elisabeth Augusta Sophie (born August 28, 1774 in Mainz, † November 27, 1776 in Mannheim)
  5. Franziska Alexandrina Maria (June 6, 1777 - March 28, 1863) married Franz Xaver Freiherr von Lerchenfeld (June 2, 1758 - June 3, 1832), Bavarian State Minister , on January 13, 1806 .
  6. Maria Anna Alexandrina (born September 28, 1778 in Mannheim; † May 7, 1812) came at the age of five in 1783 to the noble women's monastery of St. Maria im Kapitol , Cologne , where her aunt, Antonetta Franziska Maria von Dalberg, became a canon lived. Maria Anna Alexandrina was there probably only as a student, not with the intention of entering as a canon. Before the monastery was dissolved, she married Friedrich Anton von Venningen on April 21, 1801 († May 7, 1832).

Career

Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg studied at the University of Goettingen law and worked at the local Royal Historical Institute. In 1770 he became Burgmann of Friedberg Castle and at the same time chamberlain to the Elector Palatinate, in 1772 court judge of the Elector of Mainz and governor of the Archbishop of Mainz, Emmerich Joseph von Breidbach zu Bürresheim , for the Bishopric of Worms . The archbishop of Mainz was there at this time in personal union also Bishop of Worms . In 1775 he became secret councilor of the Electoral Palatinate , deputy president of the court chamber and in 1789 president of the court of appeal . Together with two colleagues, after Count Franz Albert Leopold von Oberndorff was no longer allowed to hold any political office after Mannheim was surrendered without a fight in the First Coalition War to the French in 1795, he headed the Palatinate administration.

After the end of the Old Kingdom and the massive restructuring that went with it, Mannheim came to the newly created Grand Duchy of Baden . On May 2, 1803, Wolfgang Heribert moved to the service of the Margraviate of Baden , which a little later became the Grand Duchy . In 1806 he became the Obersthofmeister of Baden and Minister of State .

Literary engagement

In his function as Vice President of the Hofkammer, Wolfgang Heribert developed the idea of ​​a national theater in Mannheim. He did not only want to promote the culture in the city, but also aimed to attract visitors to Mannheim and to promote the city economically. The elector encouraged the efforts. From 1778 he was also director of the National Theater in Mannheim. On October 7, 1779, the first premiere took place under the management of Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg at the National Theater. The Mannheim theater flourished under Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg.

Wolfgang He wrote several dramas himself and arranged works by others for the performance, especially by William Shakespeare . He is known for his dealings with Friedrich Schiller , whose first dramas he staged in Mannheim, whereby he insisted on significant changes, especially with the robbers , among other things, the plot was moved to the Middle Ages. In 1784 he offered Schiller a contract and Schiller was obliged by the Mannheim theater director to deliver three plays: The Fiesco Conspiracy at Genoa premiered on January 11, 1784 with little success. Cabal and love followed on April 15, 1784 . Schiller's letters to Baron von Dalberg are addressed to Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg. Under his directorship u. a. August Wilhelm Iffland .

After Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg became Baden's Minister of State in 1803, he passed the management in Mannheim on to his son-in-law, Friedrich Anton von Venningen (1765–1832).

Freemasonry

Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg was a member of the Masonic Lodge Joseph zu den three Helmets in Wetzlar , played a role in the Strict Observance and took part in the Wilhelmsbader Konvent in 1782 . In 1781 he was a co-founder and first chairman of the Worms Lodge Johannes zur brotherly love and the Heidelberg Lodge Karl zum Reichsapfel . Unlike his two brothers, however, he did not join the Illuminati Order .

Awards

At the coronation of Leopold II in 1790, Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg received the first accolade from the newly crowned emperor.

The Minister was the owner of the Grand Crosses of the Bavarian Order of St. Hubertus and the Baden House Order of Loyalty .

tomb

Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg and his wife were buried in the Roman Catholic cemetery in Mannheim, K 2. When it was dissolved, the remains and the classicist tomb were transferred to the main cemetery in Mannheim , and the stone was restored in 1977.

literature

Works

sorted by year of publication

Independent works

  • Walwais and Adelaide . Schwan, Mannheim 1778.
  • The female unwillingness to marry . 1780. The piece was canceled after the first and only performance.
  • Cora . A musical drama. Swan. Mannheim 1780. Both Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Christoph Willibald Gluck showed interest in composing the opera. The attempt to find a composer for the opera ultimately failed.
  • Electra = libretto for an opera by Christian Cannabich . It only saw two performances, both in September 1781.
  • The women's vow . 1787.
  • Inaugural address at the reopening of the Electoral National Theater in Mannheim on March 2nd, 1794 . [Spoken v. August Wilhelm Iffland]. 1794.
  • Dilara. A Singspiel in two acts based on Carlo Gozzi . Music by Peter Ritter . 1798 (first performance)
  • The conjugal trial .
  • The conjugal retribution .
  • marital reconciliation .

Translations

  • Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare . The piece was performed several times in Dalberg's translation from 1785 onwards.
  • Timon of Athens , also by William Shakespeare . The piece was performed twice in Dalberg's translation in 1789 - with little success.
  • The Brothers was performed in Mannheim in 1786. It is a translation of Richard Cumberland's play The Brothers from 1784.
  • The Mönch vom Carmel was also performed in Mannheim in 1786. It is a translation of Richard Cumberland's play The Carmelite from 1784.
  • Oronooko. A tragedy in five acts for the Mannheim National Stage was the translation of an English-language play of the same name by Thomas Southerne (1660–1746). Dalberg translated it and performed it successfully in 1786.
  • Montesquieu, or the Unknown Beneficence. A play in three acts; for the Mannheim National-Schaubühne based on the play by Louis-Sébastien Mercier : Montesquieu à Marseille . Dalberg was able to perform it 12 times.
  • The incognito , a translation of I falsi gelantnomini ossia il Duca di Borgogna by Camillo Federici , was performed only twice in 1796 and 1797.

Secondary literature

in alphabetical order by authors / editors

  • Friedrich Alafberg: Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg as stage manager and as a playwright . Dissertation. Berlin 1907.
  • Friedrich Battenberg : Dalberg documents. Regesta on the documents of the treasurers of Worms called von Dalberg and the barons of Dalberg 1165–1843 Volume 14/3: Corrigenda, indices and family tables (by Dalberg and Ulner von Dieburg) = Repertories of the Hessian State Archives Darmstadt 14/3. Darmstadt 1987. ISBN 3-88443-238-9
  • Johannes Bollinger: 100 families of the chamberlain from Worms and the lords of Dalberg . Bollinger, Worms-Herrnsheim 1989. Without ISBN.
  • Fidelis Butsch Sohn (Arnold Kuczynski): Catalog of the valuable and extensive library of the Herrnsheim Castle near Worms a. Rh. Collected by WH Freiherr von Dalberg, the well-known artistic director of the Mannheim stage and benefactor of Schiller and his son Emmerich Joseph Duke of Dalberg, which Monday, October 15, 1883 a. ff. DD. in Augsburg ... will be auctioned . Augsburg 1883.
  • Rudolf Haas and Wolfgang Münkel: Guide to the graves of well-known Mannheim personalities . City of Mannheim, Mannheim 1981. Without ISBN.
  • Liselotte Homering: Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg as theater director and author . In: Volker Gallé and Werner Nell: Zwischenwelten. The Rhineland around 1800 . Worms publishing house. Worms 2012. ISBN 978-3-936118-89-6 , pp. 69-94.
  • Hans Knudsen :  Dalberg, Wolfgang Heribert Tobias Otto Maria Johann Nepomuk from. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 490 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Arnold Kurzyński (ed.): Catalog of the valuable and extensive library of Herrnsheim Castle near Worms a. Rh. Collected by WH Freiherr von Dalberg, the well-known artistic director of the Mannheim stage and benefactor of Schiller and his son Emmerich Joseph Herzogs zu Dalberg which Monday, October 15, 1883 a. ff. DD. by Fidelis Butsch Sohn (Arnold Kurzyński) in Augsburg [...] it will be publicly auctioned against payment in cash . Augsburg 1883.
  • Jacob Achilles Mähly :  Dalberg, Wolfgang Heribert von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1876, p. 708 f.
  • Max Martersteig: The minutes of the Mannheim National Theater under Wolfgang Heribert Freiherr von Dalberg from the years 1781 to 1789 . Bensheimer. Mannheim 1890.
  • Johann Heinrich Meyer: The stage writing activity of baron Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg . Dissertation. Heidelberg 1904.
  • Detlev Schwennicke: European family tables. Family tables on the history of the European states . New series, vol. 9: Families from the Middle and Upper Rhine and from Burgundy , plate 60. Marburg 1986. Without ISBN.
  • Herbert Stubenrauch: Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg. Life sketch and life testimonies - an attempt . Verlag Südwest-Werbung GmbH. Mannheim 1956.
  • Martin A. Völker , spatial fantasies, narrative wholeness and identity. A reconstruction of the aesthetic from the work and activities of the Barons von Dalberg , series: Enlightenment and Modernity, Volume 5, Hanover-Laatzen, Wehrhahn Verlag, 2006

Web links

Commons : Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ According to Schwennicke, he was born on that day at Herrnsheim Castle .
  2. ↑ Battenberg: Repertorien 14/3, Plate X: December 27, 1806.
  3. ↑ Bollinger, p. 74: * July 17, 1751.
  4. ^ Battenberg: Repertories 14/3, plate X: "Johann Wilhelm".
  5. ↑ Bollinger, p. 74: * June 6, 1772; † May 21, 1778.
  6. ↑ Battenberg: Repertorien 14/3, plate X: * October 9, 1850.
  7. ↑ Battenberg: Repertorien 14/3, Plate X., on the other hand, claims that she was a canoness.
  8. ↑ See: Haas / Münker: Wegweiser , pp. 93f., No. 174.
  9. ↑ Meyer, p. 47, calls him "Thomas Southern".

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Schwennicke; Michael Embach: Johann Friedrich Hugo von Dalberg, 1760–1812, writer - musician - canon . Society for Middle Rhine Church History 1998, p. 39.
  2. ↑ Bollinger, p. 73.
  3. ↑ Schwennicke; Bollinger, 72.
  4. ^ Battenberg: Repertories 14/3, Pl.
  5. ↑ Bollinger, p. 75.
  6. ↑ Schwennicke, plate 60.
  7. ↑ Bollinger, p. 74.
  8. ^ Battenberg: Repertories 14/3, Plate X.
  9. ↑ Ulner von Dieburg, Johann Wilhelm Franz Freiherr. Hessian biography. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  10. ↑ Jean-Baptiste-Pierre Jullien de Courcelles : Histoire généalogique et héraldique des pairs de France: des grands dignitaires de la couronne, des principales familles nobles du royaume et des maisons princières de l'Europe, précédée de la généalogie de la maison de France , Volume 6, Paris 1826.
  11. ↑ Schwennicke, plate 60. Not in Battenberg: Repertorien 14/3, plate X and Bollinger, p. 74.
  12. ↑ All information from: Bollinger, p. 74 and Battenberg: Repertorien 14/3, plate X.
  13. ↑ Bollinger, p. 74.
  14. ↑ Bollinger, p. 74; Battenberg: Repertories 14/3, plate X.
  15. ^ Battenberg: Repertories 14/3, Plate X.
  16. ↑ See: Haas / Münker: Wegweiser , No. 174, p. 93.
  17. ↑ See: Haas / Münker: Wegweiser , No. 174, p. 94.
  18. ↑ Bollinger, p. 74.
  19. ^ Friedrich Schiller: Friedrich Schiller's letters to Baron Heribert v. Dalberg in the years 1781 - 1785. Contributions to Schiller's life and educational history = library of general literature at home and abroad. Hendel around 1900.
  20. ↑ Hans-Jürgen Schings: The brothers of the Marquis Posa. Schiller and the Illuminati secret society . Niemeyer, Tübingen 1996, p. 64.
  21. ^ Battenberg: Repertories 14/3, Plate X.
  22. ^ Funerary inscription in the main cemetery in Mannheim.
  23. ^ Franz Bernhard: The cemeteries in Mannheim. Signpost to the graves of well-known Mannheim personalities on the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the Mannheim main cemetery on July 14, 1992 . Südwestdeutsche Verlagsanstalt, Mannheim 1992. ISBN 978-3-87804-213-6 , pp. 131f.
  24. ↑ Meyer, p. 58.
  25. ↑ Meyer, p. 26.
  26. ↑ Meyer, p. 26.
  27. ↑ Meyer, p. 31.
  28. ↑ Meyer, p. 59.
  29. ↑ Meyer, pp. 60f, without further details on the performance.
  30. ↑ Meyer, p. 61, without further details on the performance.
  31. ↑ Meyer, p. 61f, without further details on the performance.
  32. ↑ Meyer, p. 33.
  33. ↑ Meyer, p. 37.
  34. ↑ Published by Schwan, Mannheim 1785 (see: Meyer, p. 38, note 3).
  35. ↑ Meyer, pp. 37-39.
  36. ↑ Published by Decker, Leipzig 1787 (see: Meyer, p. 40, note 3).
  37. ↑ Meyer, pp. 40-46.
  38. ↑ Schwan, Mannheim 1786.
  39. ↑ Meyer, pp. 47-50.
  40. ↑ Meyer, pp. 50-55.
  41. ↑ Meyer, pp. 55-58.
personal data
SURNAME Dalberg, Wolfgang Heribert from
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Dalberg, Wolfgang Heribert Freiherr von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German administrative officer, director of the National Theater in Mannheim
DATE OF BIRTH November 18, 1750
PLACE OF BIRTH Mainz
DATE OF DEATH September 27, 1806
Place of death Mannheim