Alioș
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Alioș Aljosch Temesillésd |
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| Basic data | |||||
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| State : |
 Romania
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| Historical region : | Banat | ||||
| Circle : | Timiș | ||||
| Municipality : | Mașloc | ||||
| Coordinates : | 46 ° 4 ' N , 21 ° 49' E | ||||
| Time zone : | EET ( UTC +2) | ||||
| Height : | 165 m | ||||
| Residents : | 953 (2002) | ||||
| Postal code : | 307271 | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+40) 02 56 | ||||
| License plate : | TM | ||||
| Structure and administration (as of 2012) | |||||
| Community type : | Village | ||||
| Mayor : | Francisc Bartha (PP-DD) | ||||
| Website : | |||||
Alioş (1924 Ilieşti , German Aljosch , Hungarian Temesillésd ) is a village in Timiş County , Banat , Romania . Administratively, Alioş belongs to the municipality of Maşloc ( German Blumenthal ).
location
Alioş is located in the north of Timiş County at the intersection of the Timişoara - Lipova road with the Arad - Lugoj road . The distance to Timișoara is 40 kilometers and that to Lipova 17 kilometers. Arad is located 24 kilometers away. The train station is named Aliuș .
Neighboring places
| Frumușeni | Aluniș | Zăbrani |
| Fiscut |
.svg)
|
Chesinț |
| Mașloc | Remetea Mica | Bogda |
Place names
Over time, the place had different names and different spellings of the same place name. Documented documents are: Helleus (1334), Helensfalva (1335), Ellefálva (1342), Ellesfálva (1561), Ellisofálva and Illesfálva after the founder Illes , Alleosch (1723) in the national conscription of Claudius Florimund Mercy , Aleus (1768) in Romanian Church books, Aleyusch (1780) in the travelogues of Francesco Griselini , Allios (1828–1850), Alios (1851–1903), Temesillésd (1903–1918), Alioş (1919–1923), Ilieşti (1924) and Alioş (since 1925 ).
history
A first written mention of the place comes from the year 1306. However, there was human settlement in the area of today's Alioș already in Roman times . Remains of the Römerschanzen ( Vallum romanum ) and remains of an old castle bear witness to this.
The development of the village took place in two stages. The old village was a pile village . In 1770 the new village was laid out in a chessboard shape. The floor plans of the two village complexes are exhibited in the Banat Museum . Alioș has always been a predominantly Romanian village. The first Romanian Orthodox church was built and consecrated in 1768.
In the 19th century, Germans came to Alioș from neighboring villages through internal migration . The immigrants came from the then German villages Guttenbrunn , Glogowatz , Gottlob , Neupanat , Baumgarten , Ebendorf , Blumenthal and others. The German Catholics built a Roman Catholic church in 1908/1909 . The two churches are the most important structures in Alioș.
On June 4, 1920, the Banat was divided into three parts as a result of the Treaty of Trianon . The largest, eastern part, to which Aliosch also belonged, fell to Romania.
As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany , all men of German origin who were conscripted into the German army. Before the end of the war, in January 1945, all ethnic German women between 18–30 and men between the ages of 16–45 were deported to the Soviet Union for reconstruction work .
The Land Reform Act of March 23, 1945 , which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, deprived the rural population of their livelihoods. The expropriated land was distributed to smallholders, farm workers and colonists from other parts of the country. Through the nationalization law of June 11, 1948 , which provided for the nationalization of all industrial and commercial enterprises, banks and insurance companies, the expropriation of all economic enterprises took place regardless of ethnicity.
economy
The predominantly Romanian farmers dealt with agriculture , viticulture and fruit growing as well as animal breeding . The craft was represented by blacksmiths , locksmiths , tailors , tinsmiths , masons , butchers and shoemakers . The craftsmen in the village all belonged to the German minority. In the 20th century there was an oil mill , two dairies , a flour mill , four shops and two restaurants in Alioș . After the collectivization of agriculture in 1952, the agricultural production cooperative was the most important employer in the village.
See also
- List of German and Hungarian names of Romanian places
- Portal: Romania / List of localities in the Banat
literature
- Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber and Walter Wolf : The Banat and the Banat Swabians. Volume 5. Cities and Villages , Media Group Universal Grafische Betriebe München GmbH, Munich, 2011, 670 pages, ISBN 3-922979-63-7 .
Web links
- banaterra.eu , Aliosch / Alioş (Timiş)
- dvhh.org , Banat Villages
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber , Walter Wolf : Das Banat und die Banater Schwaben, Volume 5: Cities and Villages, Munich 2011, ISBN 3-922979-63-7