Margaretha colliery

Margaretha colliery
	General information about the mine
	Still preserved weather shaft of the Margaretha colliery
other names	Margarethenbank Colliery Margaretha ; Colliery Carolina ; Colliery Margarethe ; Colliery Margaretha & Erbstollen
Mining technology	Underground mining
Funding / year	up to 230,229 t
	Information about the mining company
Employees	up to 990
Start of operation	1754
End of operation	1902
	Funded raw materials
Degradation of	Hard coal
	Geographical location
Coordinates	51 ° 29 '34.5 " N , 7 ° 35' 6.9" E Coordinates: 51 ° 29 '34.5 " N , 7 ° 35' 6.9" E
	Location Margaretha colliery
Location	Aplerbeck-Sölde
local community	Dortmund
Independent city ( NUTS3 )	Dortmund
country	State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country	Germany
District	Ruhr area

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The Margaretha colliery is a former hard coal mine in Aplerbeck - Sölde . The mine was also known under the names Zeche Margarethenbank , Zeche Margaretha & Erbstollen , Zeche Margaretha Carolina and Zeche Margarethe . In the second half of the 19th century, the mine was one of the most important mines in the Arnsberg administrative region.

history

The beginnings

In the pit field of the Margaretha colliery, mining was already in operation in the 18th century . The mine was in operation in 1754 and 1755. In the years 1755 to 1781 there was no coal production, at times the mine was on time . In 1778 a recommendation was made for the mining of several seams . The assumption was made under the name Margaretha. Furthermore, a courage was given for the excavation of a tunnel . The tunnel was to be driven as a deep tunnel from north to south and set between six and seven puddles lower than the previous tunnel. In 1783 the mine was back in operation. In the following year, mining was carried out with a tunnel that was driven in an easterly direction. The bottom of this tunnel was at a seiger depth of 8 ½ laughs. In the course of the same year, the tunnel mouth hole for the deeper tunnel in the area east of the confluence of today's Canarisstraße with Schlagbaumstraße was set. On July 20 of the year 1784, the Erbstollen was the head of the Brandenburg district mining office, the Baron von Stein traveled . Vom Stein gave information about the condition of the mine in his protocol. In particular, he noted in his minutes that the mine was mined very close to the surface in the near-day area.

The further operation

From 1786 tunnel construction was carried out in the Aplerbeck forest . In the years 1788 to 1791 there was again no coal mining. On April 10, 1790, the right to inheritance was granted . From 1793 to 1796 mining was carried out. In 1799, the dismantling of the Diederich shaft was completed, and the mine was shut down in July of the same year. In 1802 a mutation was made for eight seams. These seams had been approached through the tunnel driven to the south. On August 19th of the same year, eight length fields were awarded for the mining of hard coal . These length fields were awarded as attachments to the right to inheritance. In September of the same year the mine was put back into operation. In 1803, an art shaft was sunk and put into operation the following year. A water art , consisting of several pump sets, was put into operation together with the art shaft. In addition, a collecting pond for the impact water and an artificial ditch were created. The art of pumps was driven by an artificial wheel and an artificial linkage. In the same year, several locations were set in the seam, some of which were down to a shallow depth of 100 pools. In 1805 the Ludwig shaft and the art shaft were in operation. In 1808 the art shaft was dropped and a new Seigerer art shaft was sunk. In the following year, the art shaft, equipped with a water art, was put into operation. In 1810, the machine bottom was set in the artificial shaft. This floor was driven ten meters below the floor of the tunnel. In addition, work began on sinking a weather shaft . In 1813 the new art shaft was closed. This year, minor mining was carried out in the area around the Victoria shaft.

In 1815, Schacht Friedrich went into promotion . In 1820 the Hope and Rudolph pits were in operation. In 1825 Neuhoffnung was mined in the shaft. In 1830 the Gottfried and Hope pits were in operation. The total extraction capacity of these two shafts was 2,800 Prussian tons per year. In February 1834 the Margaretha colliery was closed. In July 1836 the mine was put back into operation. On March 22nd, 1837, the mine was closed again. In April 1842 the mine was put back into operation. In the following year only minor work took place, from December the mine was taken out of service again. On June 23 and July 20, 1847, the Geviertfelder Bülow and Elise were awarded as Beilehn. On January 18 and February 20, 1849, the Geviertfelder Gottfriedflötz and Carl were also awarded as attachments. In the middle of the 19th century several authorized persons were consolidated . In the period from August 10, 1854 to June 2, 1856, Längenfeld consolidated Margarethenbank with the Beilehn Carl, Bülow, Elise and Gottfriedsbank as well as with the Geviertfeldern New Hope , Dog and Faust to form the consolidated Margaretha colliery. The entire authorized area comprised a mine field with an area of 1,760,000 puddles ² , the tunnel operation was resumed. At that time the mine belonged to the Märkisches Bergamts district and there to the jury district of Hörde .

The other years

In 1856 the Aplerbecker Aktien-Verein für Bergbau was founded, this association then took over the rights of the Margaretha colliery. In 1857, the sinking of shafts 1 and 2 began. Shaft 1 was in Löbbecke recognized and should serve as a production well. The shaft was equipped with a Malakoff tower . Shaft 2 was built in Sölde between today's Sölder Straße and Schlagbaumstraße in the area of today's Aplerbeck-Holzwickede railway line and served as a drainage facility . At a depth of five meters, the carbon was reached in the same year. In 1858, the first level was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 76 meters (+52 m above sea level ). The slate bank seam was seared through during the sinking work in the carbon. The seam had a thickness of 50 inches with a 19 inch powerful intermediate means . In the same year, the second level was set at a depth of 124 meters (+4 m NN). In the delivery shaft (shaft 1), the sinking work was interrupted at a depth of 5½ puddles. The reason for this interruption was excessive water inflows. In order to be able to drain off the water, a borehole was made on the shaft bottom down to a depth of 39 puddles. The water should be loosened from there via the drainage shaft via a cross passage . The sinking work in shaft 1 was then continued. This year, the last coal extraction for personal use took place in the tunnel . In the meantime, all daytime systems had been built above ground and the necessary machines installed. At that time the mine was part of the Hörde mining area. In 1859 the shafts were put into operation. In the same year, 65 puddles from the shaft were found on the main seam. The seam was 62 inches in thickness with an intermediate center 14 inches in thickness. The fall of the seam was 33 gons to the south. The seam was opened up cross-cut. The main seam and the slate bank seam were prepared in the same year . Work began on building a horse-drawn tram up to the Dortmund-Soester railway station. In 1860, shaft 1 reached the first level and then the second level. On the first building base , a saddle of the Karoliner main seam was passed with the northern cross passage , which rose eight puddles above the base. In the same year, both shafts began to be deepened. The horse-drawn railway to Aplerbeck station was put into operation above ground. At that time the mine was part of the Unna mining area .

In 1861 the third level was set at a depth of 180 meters (−52 m above sea level). It was on this sole from filling location a crosscut ascended to the north. With the cross passage, the main seam was approached with a driveway length of 13 pools and was considered worth building . A very flat special saddle was hit on the first excavation level . Due to the good mountain conditions, a good extraction with a high proportion of lump coal could be achieved on this bottom , at low cost . Due to the good conditions, the consumption of pit wood could be kept low. The slate bank seam was approached with the northern cross passage with an approach length of 185 Lachtern. In the following year, the further alignment and fixture work was severely restricted. The reason was the poor financial situation of Aplerbecker Actiengesellschaft. This year the operation was limited to the dismantling in the saddle north and south wings. Here the piers were dismantled in the main seam on the first building base . In addition, the existing pillars were dismantled in the western construction department of the second building floor. In 1863 both shafts were sunk deeper. 21 laughs below the 2nd level, the 3rd level was added. The work to open up the main seam was completed this year. At that time the mine was part of the Hamm mining area . In the following year, the fourth level was set at a depth of 218 meters (−90 m above sea level). In 1865 there was a shortage of funding people for the route funding . For this reason, eight pit horses were used in the route promotion from this year . In 1868, shaft 1 was sunk deeper and the following year the 5th level was set at a depth of 295 meters (- m above sea level). In 1869, the 4th level was dismantled in a hollow section by means of a substructure using a die . For this reason, a water column hoisting machine was installed on the 4th level to operate the die . A building was built above ground to provide accommodation and food for 50 workers. At that time the mine belonged to the Oestlich-Dortmund mining area. In 1870 there were a total of five shafts, these were shafts 1 and 2, as well as a weather shaft each in the north field and in the south-east field. Both weather shafts were equipped with a weather oven . There was also a blind shaft equipped with a göpel . In 1871 the 5th level sank due to a defect in the dewatering and was under water for several months. After the pit water had been pumped out, mining began on the 5th level in 1873. In 1878 the production had to be stopped for 23 days due to a pump failure. In 1887 a briquette factory was put into operation.

The last few years

In 1888, work began on sinking shaft 3 in the north field, 1.4 kilometers north of shafts 1 and 2. In the same year the carbon was reached at a depth of 52 meters. The shaft was then sunk up to the 56 Lachter level and then sunk into the seam over several tons. The shaft was created with a shaft cross-section of 2 m ² . In 1891 the 6th level was set via a die at a depth of 397 meters (- 269 m above sea level). In 1893, shaft 1 was sunk to the 6th level. In the same year, the sinking work for the weather shaft 2 in the southeast field began. This weather shaft in the south-east field had a shaft cross-section of 4 m ² and was sunk to the 5th level. The coal mined in the southeast field was transported over the 5th level by means of a cable car. In 1894 four shafts were in operation, these were two weather shafts, a production shaft and a drainage shaft. In 1895, production in the former drainage shaft was resumed. In 1896 there was a dump fire, the reason for this dump fire is unknown. In the following year, mining was carried out in the Christian, Wasserbank, Neuflöz and main seams. A Büttner system steam boiler was installed above ground this year . In 1898, the included Berechtsame seven square fields with a total area of 6.5 km ² . There were four seams under construction, the thickness of these seams was between 0.65 and 1.8 meters. Three of the seams had a recovery pack of 0.2 and 0.8 meters, one of the seams was without intermediate means. At that time the mine was part of the South Dortmund mining area. Around 1899 a broken air shaft was sunk down to the first level in the east field . In 1900 part of the field was acquired by the United Bickefeld Civil Engineering Colliery and the St. Paul I mine field. In 1902, the six length fields of the Schwarze Adler colliery and the Haus Dudenroth and Haus Sölde fields were acquired. In the period from June 5 to September 23, 1902, the Margaretha colliery consolidated with further mine fields to form the United Margarethe colliery .

Promotion and workforce

The first workforce dates from the year 1784, there were three miners on the mine. The first extraction figures are given for the year 1805, 2820 tons of hard coal were extracted. In 1809 766 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1836 656 ⅜ Prussian tons of hard coal were mined. In 1842, 432 Prussian tons of hard coal were mined. In 1855, 32 miners extracted 3703 Tonnen tons of coal from Prussia. In 1860, 287 miners extracted 20,250 tons of hard coal. In 1862, with 176 employees 159,935 Prussian tons of hard coal were mined. In 1865, 332 miners extracted 85,308 tons of hard coal. In 1870, production exceeded 100,000 tons of hard coal for the first time. This year, 118,237 tons of hard coal were extracted with 548 miners. The coals produced were good fat coals with a medium proportion of lump coals. In 1875, 512 miners extracted 103,282 tons of hard coal. In 1880, 491 miners extracted 110,563 tons of hard coal. In 1885, 551 miners extracted 143,271 tons of hard coal. In 1890, 650 miners extracted 167,855 tons of hard coal. In 1895 178,427 tons of hard coal were mined; this was done by 866 miners. In 1900 more than 230,000 tons of hard coal were mined with 990 miners. These are the last known production and workforce figures for the mine.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume nineteenth, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1871
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr (series: The Blue Books ). Verlag Langewiesche Nachhaben, Königstein im Taunus, 6th, expanded and updated edition. 2008, ISBN 978-3-7845-6994-9 , p. 188.
↑ ^a ^b ^c Marie-Luise Frese Strathoff, Kurt Pfläging, Joachim Huske: The coal mining in the Hörde mountain area at the time of Baron vom Stein. 1st edition. Regio Verlag Peter Voß, successor to Hans Köster, Werne 2007, ISBN 978-3-929158-21-2 .
↑ ^a ^b Ludwig Herrmann Wilhelm Jacobi : The mining, metallurgy and trade of the government district Arnsberg in statistical representation. Published by Julius Bädeker, Iserlohn 1857.
^ Tilo Cramm: Dortmund mines in the picture. 1st edition, Regio-Verlag, Werne 2004, ISBN 3-929158-17-5 , p. 53.
↑ ^a ^b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1860
↑ ^a ^b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Seventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1859.
↑ ^a ^b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Ninth volume, publishing house of the royal secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1861
↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Tenth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1862
↑ ^a ^b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eleventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1863.
↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Twelfth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1864
↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume fourteenth, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1866
↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighteenth volume, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1870
↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume 46, published by Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1898.
^ Association for Mining Interests in the Upper Mining District Dortmund: The development of the Lower Rhine-Westphalian hard coal mining in the second half of the 19th century. Julius Springer's publishing bookstore, Berlin 1902, p. 316
↑ The coal of the Ruhr area . Compilation of the most important mines in the Ruhr coal mining area, specifying the quality of the coal mined, the rail connections, as well as the mining and freight rates. Second completely revised and completed edition, publishing bookstore of the M. DuMont-Schauberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874

Web links

Commons : Zeche Margarethe - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Early mining on the Ruhr: Zeche Vereinigte Margaretha / Vereinigte Margarethe (accessed on December 27, 2012)
Early mining on the Ruhr: Historical map around 1840 (accessed December 27, 2012)
Early mining on the Ruhr: Map of the situation around 2000 (accessed December 27, 2012)

Remarks

↑ As Beilehn or Beilehen is called an additionally imparted pit box, which is connected with another holding moderately pit pitch. (Source: Tilo Cramm, Joachim Huske: Miners' language in the Ruhr area. )
↑ The direction that runs horizontally across the longitudinal axis of the deposit is referred to as cross-cutting . (Source: Förderverein Rammelsberger Bergbaumuseum Goslar eV (Ed.): Ore mining in Rammelsberg. )

[Quelle_1-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .

[Quelle_3-2] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume nineteenth, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1871

[Quelle_2-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr (series: The Blue Books ). Verlag Langewiesche Nachhaben, Königstein im Taunus, 6th, expanded and updated edition. 2008, ISBN 978-3-7845-6994-9 , p. 188.

[Quelle_4-4] Marie-Luise Frese Strathoff, Kurt Pfläging, Joachim Huske: The coal mining in the Hörde mountain area at the time of Baron vom Stein. 1st edition. Regio Verlag Peter Voß, successor to Hans Köster, Werne 2007, ISBN 978-3-929158-21-2 .

[Quelle_5-6] Ludwig Herrmann Wilhelm Jacobi : The mining, metallurgy and trade of the government district Arnsberg in statistical representation. Published by Julius Bädeker, Iserlohn 1857.

[Quelle_17-7] Tilo Cramm: Dortmund mines in the picture. 1st edition, Regio-Verlag, Werne 2004, ISBN 3-929158-17-5 , p. 53.

[Quelle_6-8] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1860

[Quelle_13-9] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Seventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1859.

[Quelle_14-11] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Ninth volume, publishing house of the royal secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1861

[Quelle_10-12] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Tenth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1862

[Quelle_15-13] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eleventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1863.

[Quelle_7-14] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Twelfth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1864

[Quelle_8-15] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume fourteenth, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1866

[Quelle_9-16] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighteenth volume, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1870

[Quelle_16-17] Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume 46, published by Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1898.

[Quelle_11-18] Association for Mining Interests in the Upper Mining District Dortmund: The development of the Lower Rhine-Westphalian hard coal mining in the second half of the 19th century. Julius Springer's publishing bookstore, Berlin 1902, p. 316

[Quelle_12-19] The coal of the Ruhr area . Compilation of the most important mines in the Ruhr coal mining area, specifying the quality of the coal mined, the rail connections, as well as the mining and freight rates. Second completely revised and completed edition, publishing bookstore of the M. DuMont-Schauberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874

[Anm._Cramm.-5] As Beilehn or Beilehen is called an additionally imparted pit box, which is connected with another holding moderately pit pitch. (Source: Tilo Cramm, Joachim Huske: Miners' language in the Ruhr area. )

[Anm._Förderv.-10] The direction that runs horizontally across the longitudinal axis of the deposit is referred to as cross-cutting . (Source: Förderverein Rammelsberger Bergbaumuseum Goslar eV (Ed.): Ore mining in Rammelsberg. )