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'''''Hypovirus''''' is a genus of [[viruses]], in the family [[Hypoviridae]]<ref name= ICTV>{{cite journal |last1=Suzuki |first1=N |last2=Ghabrial |first2=SA |last3=Kim |first3=KH |last4=Pearson |first4=M |last5=Marzano |first5=SL |last6=Yaegashi |first6=H |last7=Xie |first7=J |last8=Guo |first8=L |last9=Kondo |first9=H |last10=Koloniuk |first10=I |last11=Hillman |first11=BI |last12=Ictv Report |first12=Consortium |title=ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Hypoviridae. |journal=The Journal of General Virology |date=May 2018 |volume=99 |issue=5 |pages=615-616 |doi=10.1099/jgv.0.001055 |pmid=29589826}}</ref>. Fungi serve as natural hosts. There are currently four species in this genus including the type species <i>[[Cryphonectria hypovirus 1]]</i>. Diseases associated with this genus include: host virulence reduction.<ref name=ICTV /><ref name=ViralZone>{{cite web|title=Viral Zone|url=http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/594.html|publisher=ExPASy|accessdate=15 June 2015}}</ref>
'''''Hypovirus''''' is a genus of [[viruses]], in the family [[Hypoviridae]]<ref name= ICTV>{{cite journal |last1=Suzuki |first1=N |last2=Ghabrial |first2=SA |last3=Kim |first3=KH |last4=Pearson |first4=M |last5=Marzano |first5=SL |last6=Yaegashi |first6=H |last7=Xie |first7=J |last8=Guo |first8=L |last9=Kondo |first9=H |last10=Koloniuk |first10=I |last11=Hillman |first11=BI |last12=Ictv Report |first12=Consortium |title=ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Hypoviridae. |journal=The Journal of General Virology |date=May 2018 |volume=99 |issue=5 |pages=615–616 |doi=10.1099/jgv.0.001055 |pmid=29589826}}</ref>. Fungi serve as natural hosts. There are currently four species in this genus including the type species <i>[[Cryphonectria hypovirus 1]]</i>. Diseases associated with this genus include: host virulence reduction.<ref name=ICTV /><ref name=ViralZone>{{cite web|title=Viral Zone|url=http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/594.html|publisher=ExPASy|accessdate=15 June 2015}}</ref>


==Structure==
==Structure==
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==CHV1 – Chestnut blight hypovirulence==
==CHV1 – Chestnut blight hypovirulence==
Hypovirus CHV1 is the only hypovirus found in Europe up to 2000.<ref name=Peever /> It is known for reducing the virulence of the fungus that causes [[chestnut blight]] (i.e. hypovirulence).<ref name=Choi>{{cite journal|last1=Choi|first1=Gil|title=Hypovirulence of Chestnut Blight Fungus Conferred by an Infectious Viral cDNA|journal=Science|volume=257|pages=800–803|doi=10.1126/science.1496400}}</ref> ''Cryphonectria parasitica'', the ascomycete fungus, originated in Asia and causes the disease [[chestnut blight]] in several chestnut species (''Castanea'' sp.). Although symptoms are mild in Asian chestnut species that have co-evolved with the fungus, they are very severe in the North [[American chestnut]] species ''C. dentata'' and also in the European sweet chestnut, ''C. sativa''.<ref name=ForestryComm>{{cite web|title=Sweet chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica)|url=http://www.forestry.gov.uk/chestnutblight|publisher=Forestry Commission, UK|accessdate=13 August 2014}}</ref> Hypovirus has been used for protection against chestnut blight in Europe since the 1970s.<ref name=Peever>{{cite journal|last1=Peever|first1=Tobin|last2=Liu|first2=Yir-Chung|last3=Cortese|first3=Paolo|last4=Milgroom|first4=Michael|title=Variation in Tolerance and Virulence in the Chestnut Blight Fungus-Hypovirus Interaction|journal=Applied and Environmental Microbiology|date=November 2000|volume=66|issue=11|pages=4863–4869|doi=10.1128/AEM.66.11.4863-4869.2000|url=http://aem.asm.org/content/66/11/4863.full|accessdate=13 August 2014|citeseerx=10.1.1.504.6576}}</ref>
Hypovirus CHV1 is the only hypovirus found in Europe up to 2000.<ref name=Peever /> It is known for reducing the virulence of the fungus that causes [[chestnut blight]] (i.e. hypovirulence).<ref name=Choi>{{cite journal|last1=Choi|first1=Gil|title=Hypovirulence of Chestnut Blight Fungus Conferred by an Infectious Viral cDNA|journal=Science|volume=257|issue=5071|pages=800–803|doi=10.1126/science.1496400|pmid=1496400|year=1992}}</ref> ''Cryphonectria parasitica'', the ascomycete fungus, originated in Asia and causes the disease [[chestnut blight]] in several chestnut species (''Castanea'' sp.). Although symptoms are mild in Asian chestnut species that have co-evolved with the fungus, they are very severe in the North [[American chestnut]] species ''C. dentata'' and also in the European sweet chestnut, ''C. sativa''.<ref name=ForestryComm>{{cite web|title=Sweet chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica)|url=http://www.forestry.gov.uk/chestnutblight|publisher=Forestry Commission, UK|accessdate=13 August 2014}}</ref> Hypovirus has been used for protection against chestnut blight in Europe since the 1970s.<ref name=Peever>{{cite journal|last1=Peever|first1=Tobin|last2=Liu|first2=Yir-Chung|last3=Cortese|first3=Paolo|last4=Milgroom|first4=Michael|title=Variation in Tolerance and Virulence in the Chestnut Blight Fungus-Hypovirus Interaction|journal=Applied and Environmental Microbiology|date=November 2000|volume=66|issue=11|pages=4863–4869|doi=10.1128/AEM.66.11.4863-4869.2000|url=http://aem.asm.org/content/66/11/4863.full|accessdate=13 August 2014|citeseerx=10.1.1.504.6576}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 14:44, 11 December 2019

Hypovirus
Virus classification
Group:
Group III (dsRNA)
Order:
unassigned
Family:
Hypoviridae
Genus:
Hypovirus
Type Species

Hypovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Hypoviridae[1]. Fungi serve as natural hosts. There are currently four species in this genus including the type species Cryphonectria hypovirus 1. Diseases associated with this genus include: host virulence reduction.[1][2]

Structure

The diameter is around 50–80 nm. Genomes are linear, around 9–13kb in length. The genome has 1 or 2 open reading frames.[1][2]

Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic arrangement Genomic segmentation
Hypovirus No true capsid Non-enveloped Linear Monopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Replication follows the double-stranded RNA virus replication model. Double-stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by cell to cell movement. Fungi serve as the natural host.[1][2]

Genus Host details Tissue tropism Entry details Release details Replication site Assembly site Transmission
Hypovirus Fungi None Cytoplasmic exchange; hyphal anastomosis Cytoplasmic exchange; hyphal anastomosis Cytoplasm Cytoplasm Cytoplasmic exchange; hyphal anastomosis

CHV1 – Chestnut blight hypovirulence

Hypovirus CHV1 is the only hypovirus found in Europe up to 2000.[3] It is known for reducing the virulence of the fungus that causes chestnut blight (i.e. hypovirulence).[4] Cryphonectria parasitica, the ascomycete fungus, originated in Asia and causes the disease chestnut blight in several chestnut species (Castanea sp.). Although symptoms are mild in Asian chestnut species that have co-evolved with the fungus, they are very severe in the North American chestnut species C. dentata and also in the European sweet chestnut, C. sativa.[5] Hypovirus has been used for protection against chestnut blight in Europe since the 1970s.[3]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Suzuki, N; Ghabrial, SA; Kim, KH; Pearson, M; Marzano, SL; Yaegashi, H; Xie, J; Guo, L; Kondo, H; Koloniuk, I; Hillman, BI; Ictv Report, Consortium (May 2018). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Hypoviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 99 (5): 615–616. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001055. PMID 29589826.
  2. ^ a b c "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  3. ^ a b Peever, Tobin; Liu, Yir-Chung; Cortese, Paolo; Milgroom, Michael (November 2000). "Variation in Tolerance and Virulence in the Chestnut Blight Fungus-Hypovirus Interaction". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 66 (11): 4863–4869. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.504.6576. doi:10.1128/AEM.66.11.4863-4869.2000. Retrieved 13 August 2014.
  4. ^ Choi, Gil (1992). "Hypovirulence of Chestnut Blight Fungus Conferred by an Infectious Viral cDNA". Science. 257 (5071): 800–803. doi:10.1126/science.1496400. PMID 1496400.
  5. ^ "Sweet chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica)". Forestry Commission, UK. Retrieved 13 August 2014.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypovirus&oldid=930296375"