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{{Short description|Family of viruses}}
{{taxobox
{{Italic title}}
| virus_group = iii
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
| familia = '''''Megabirnaviridae'''''
{{Virusbox
⚫
| genus = ''Megabirnavirus''
⚫
| image = Megabirnaviridae virion.jpg
| subdivision_ranks = Type Species
| subdivision =
| taxon = Megabirnavirus
⚫
*''Rosellinia necatrix megabirnavirus 1''
}}
}}


'''''Megabirnaviridae''''' is a family of [[viruses]]. Fungi serve as natural hosts. There is currently only one species in this family: the type species ''Rosellinia necatrix megabirnavirus 1''. Diseases associated with this family include: reduced host virulence.<ref name=ViralZone>{{cite web|title=Viral Zone|url=http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/2996.html|publisher=ExPASy|accessdate=13 August 2015}}</ref><ref name=ICTV>{{cite web|last1=ICTV|title=Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release|url=http://ictvonline.org/virusTaxonomy.asp|accessdate=13 August 2015}}</ref>
'''''Megabirnaviridae''''' is a family of [[double-stranded RNA viruses]] with one genus '''''Megabirnavirus''''' which infects [[fungi]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sato |first1=Y |last2=Miyazaki |first2=N |last3=Kanematsu |first3=S |last4=Xie |first4=J |last5=Ghabrial |first5=SA |last6=Hillman |first6=BI |last7=Suzuki |first7=N |last8=ICTV Report |first8=Consortium |title=ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: ''Megabirnaviridae''. |journal=The Journal of General Virology |date=September 2019 |volume=100 |issue=9 |pages=1269–1270 |doi=10.1099/jgv.0.001297 |pmid=31418675|doi-access=free }}</ref> The group name derives from member's ''bi''partite ds''RNA'' genome and ''mega'' that is greater genome size (16 kbp) than families ''[[Birnaviridae]]'' (6 kbp) and ''[[Picobirnaviridae]]'' (4 kbp). There is only one species in this family: '''''Rosellinia necatrix megabirnavirus 1'''''. Diseases associated with this family include: reduced host [[virulence]].<ref name="ICTV">{{cite web |title=ICTV Report Megabirnaviridae |url=http://www.ictv.global/report/megabirnaviridae}}</ref><ref name=ViralZone>{{cite web|title=Viral Zone|url=http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/2996.html|publisher=ExPASy|access-date=13 August 2015}}</ref>

⚫
==Taxonomy==
<big>'''Group: dsRNA'''</big>
{{Collapsible list|title= <big>Order: Unassigned</big>
|1={{Collapsible list| framestyle=border:none; padding:1.0em;|title=Family: Megabirnaviridae
|1={{hidden begin|title=<small>Genus: Megabirnavirus</small>}}
*<small>'''''Rosellinia necatrix megabirnavirus 1'''''</small>
{{hidden end}}
}}
}}
<ref name=ICTV />


==Structure==
==Structure==
Viruses in Megabirnaviridae are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=1 symmetry. The diameter is around 50&nbsp;nm. Genomes are linear and segmented, around 7kb in length. The genome codes for 4 proteins.<ref name=ViralZone/>
Viruses in the family ''Megabirnaviridae'' are non-enveloped, with [[Virus#Structure|icosahedral geometries]], and T=1 symmetry. The diameter is around 50&nbsp;nm.{{cn|date=October 2022}}


== Genome ==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
[[File:ODR.Megabirna.Fig3.v3.png|thumb|Genome organization of Rosellinia necatrix megabirnavirus 1]]
|-
The genome is composed of two double-stranded RNA segments of 7.2–8.9 kbp each and of a total length of 16.1 kbp. The genome codes for four proteins.<ref name="ICTV" /><ref name="ViralZone" />
! Genus !! Structure || Symmetry !! Capsid !! Genomic Arrangement !! Genomic Segmentation
|-
|Megabirnavirus||Icosahedral||T=1||Non-Enveloped||Linear||Segmented
|}


==Life Cycle==
==Life cycle==
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the double-stranded RNA virus replication model. Double-stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by cell to cell movement.
Viral replication is [[cytoplasm]]ic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the double-stranded RNA virus replication model. Double-stranded RNA virus [[Transcription (biology)|transcription]] is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by cell to cell movement. Fungi serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are parental and sexual.<ref name="ICTV" /><ref name="ViralZone" />
Fungi serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are parental and sexual.<ref name=ViralZone/>


{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
|-
! Genus !! Host Details !! Tissue Tropism !! Entry Details !! Release Details !! Replication Site !! Assembly Site !! Transmission
! Genus !! Host details !! Tissue tropism !! Entry details !! Release details !! Replication site !! Assembly site !! Transmission
|-
|-
|Megabirnavirus||Fungi||None||Cytoplasmic exchange; hyphal anastomosis||Cytoplasmic exchange; hyphal anastomosis||Cytoplasm||Cytoplasm||Cytoplasmic exchange; hyphal anastomosis
|''Megabirnavirus''||Fungi||None||Cytoplasmic exchange; hyphal anastomosis||Cytoplasmic exchange; hyphal anastomosis||Cytoplasm||Cytoplasm||Cytoplasmic exchange; hyphal anastomosis
|}
|}

⚫
== Taxonomy ==
[[File:ODR.Megabirna.Fig4.v5.png|thumb|Phylogenetic tree of family ''Megabirnaviridae'']]
The family ''Megabirnaviridae'' has one genus which has one species:<ref>{{cite web |title=Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release |url=https://ictv.global/taxonomy |publisher=International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) |date=March 2021 |access-date=13 May 2021}}</ref>
⚫
* ''Megabirnavirus''
⚫
** ''Rosellinia necatrix megabirnavirus 1''


==References==
==References==
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==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.ictv.global/report/megabirnaviridae '''ICTV Report:''' ''Megabirnaviridae'']
* [http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/2996.html '''Viralzone''': Megabirnaviridae]
* [http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/2996.html '''Viralzone''': Megabirnaviridae]
* [http://ictvonline.org/virusTaxonomy.asp '''ICTV''']
{{Baltimore classification}}
{{Baltimore classification}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q18811491}}
⚫
[[Category:Megabirnaviridae]]

[[Category:Megabirnaviridae| ]]
[[Category:Virus families]]
[[Category:Riboviria]]

Latest revision as of 12:50, 30 January 2023

Megabirnavirus
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Duplornaviricota
Class: Chrymotiviricetes
Order: Ghabrivirales
Family: Megabirnaviridae
Genus: Megabirnavirus

Megabirnaviridae is a family of double-stranded RNA viruses with one genus Megabirnavirus which infects fungi.[1] The group name derives from member's bipartite dsRNA genome and mega that is greater genome size (16 kbp) than families Birnaviridae (6 kbp) and Picobirnaviridae (4 kbp). There is only one species in this family: Rosellinia necatrix megabirnavirus 1. Diseases associated with this family include: reduced host virulence.[2][3]

Structure[edit]

Viruses in the family Megabirnaviridae are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=1 symmetry. The diameter is around 50 nm.[citation needed]

Genome[edit]

Genome organization of Rosellinia necatrix megabirnavirus 1

The genome is composed of two double-stranded RNA segments of 7.2–8.9 kbp each and of a total length of 16.1 kbp. The genome codes for four proteins.[2][3]

Life cycle[edit]

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the double-stranded RNA virus replication model. Double-stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by cell to cell movement. Fungi serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are parental and sexual.[2][3]

Genus Host details Tissue tropism Entry details Release details Replication site Assembly site Transmission
Megabirnavirus Fungi None Cytoplasmic exchange; hyphal anastomosis Cytoplasmic exchange; hyphal anastomosis Cytoplasm Cytoplasm Cytoplasmic exchange; hyphal anastomosis

Taxonomy[edit]

Phylogenetic tree of family Megabirnaviridae

The family Megabirnaviridae has one genus which has one species:[4]

  • Megabirnavirus
    • Rosellinia necatrix megabirnavirus 1

References[edit]

  1. ^ Sato, Y; Miyazaki, N; Kanematsu, S; Xie, J; Ghabrial, SA; Hillman, BI; Suzuki, N; ICTV Report, Consortium (September 2019). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Megabirnaviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 100 (9): 1269–1270. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001297. PMID 31418675.
  2. ^ a b c "ICTV Report Megabirnaviridae".
  3. ^ a b c "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  4. ^ "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Megabirnaviridae&oldid=1136464669"