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{{Short description|Genus of viruses}}
{{Taxobox
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
| color = violet
{{Virusbox
| name = Potexvirus
| image = 12985 2011 1518 MOESM1 ESM.jpg
| virus_group = iv
| image_caption = Color break symptoms caused by [[narcissus mosaic virus]] (NMV) in [[daffodils]] (A, B) and normal flower (C)
| ordo = [[Tymovirales]]
| taxon = Potexvirus
| familia = [[Alphaflexiviridae]]
| genus = Potexvirus
| synonyms =
| synonyms_ref =
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision_ref =
| subdivision =[[Allium virus X]]<br/>
| subdivision =
[[Alternanthera mosaic virus]]<br/>
[[Bamboo mosaic virus]]<br/>
[[Cactus virus X]]<br/>
[[Cassava common mosaic virus]]<br/>
[[Clover yellow mosaic virus]]<br/>
[[Cymbidium mosaic virus]]<br/>
[[Foxtail mosaic virus]]<br/>
[[Groundnut chlorotic spotting virus]]<br/>
[[Hosta virus X]]<br/>
[[Hydrangea ringspot virus]]<br/>
[[Lily virus X]]<br/>
[[Malva mosaic virus]]<br/>
[[Mint virus X]]<br/>
[[Narcissus mosaic virus]]<br/>
[[Nerine virus X]]<br/>
[[Papaya mosaic virus]]<br/>
[[Pepino mosaic virus]]<br/>
[[Phaius virus X]]<br/>
[[Plantago asiatica mosaic virus]]<br/>
[[Potato aucuba mosaic virus]]<br/>
[[Potato virus X]]<br/>
[[Strawberry mild yellow edge virus]]<br/>
[[Scallion virus X]]<br/>
[[Tamus red mosaic virus]]<ref name=Menzel2011>Menzel W, Winter S (2011) Sequencing of the Tamus red mosaic virus genome: further evidence that it is a distinct species of the genus Potexvirus. Virus Genes</ref><br/>
[[Tulip virus X]]<br/>
[[Viola mottle virus]]<br/>
[[White clover mosaic virus]]<br/>
[[Wineberry latent virus]]
}}
}}


'''''Potexvirus''''' is a genus of [[pathogenic virus]]es in the order ''[[Tymovirales]]'', in the family ''[[Alphaflexiviridae]]''. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 48 species in this genus, three of which are assigned to a subgenus. Diseases associated with this genus include: mosaic and ringspot symptoms.<ref name=ViralZone>{{cite web|title=Viral Zone|url=http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/272.html|publisher=ExPASy|access-date=15 June 2015}}</ref><ref name=ICTV>{{cite web |title=Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release |url=https://ictv.global/taxonomy |publisher=International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) |date=March 2021 |access-date=15 May 2021}}</ref> The genus name comes from [[Potato virus X|'''''POT'''ato virus '''X''''']]).
'''Potexvirus''' (from [[Potato virus X|POTato Virus X]]) is a genus of plant [[pathogenic virus]]es, belonging to the family [[Alphaflexiviridae]] and the order [[Tymovirales]]. [[Transmission (medicine)|Transmission]] occurs mechanically, with viruses in this genus causing mosaic and ringspot [[symptom]]s.


==Taxonomy==
There are at least 25 viruses in this genus. A number of candidates for inclusion are also known (~20) but a decision to include these in the genus or not is still pending.
''Potexvirus'' contains one subgenus that has three species and 45 additional species unassigned to a subgenus. The following 48 species are assigned to the genus:<ref name=ICTV />


* Subgenus: ''[[Mandarivirus]]''
==Virology==
** ''[[Citrus yellow mottle-associated virus]]''
** ''[[Citrus yellow vein clearing virus]]''
** ''[[Indian citrus ringspot virus]]''


The following species are unassigned to a subgenus:
The [[virion]] length may vary considerably (between 470-1000 nanometers or more) and is 12-13&nbsp;nm in diameter. The pitch of the helix is of the basic helix 3.3-3.7&nbsp;nm (8-9 copies of the coat protein per turn). It is non-enveloped, flexuous and filamentous. The coat itself is composed of 1000-1500 copies of the coat protein.
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*''[[Allium virus X]]''
*''[[Alstroemeria virus X]]''
*''[[Alternanthera mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Ambrosia asymptomatic virus 1]]''
*''[[Asparagus virus 3]]''
*''[[Babaco mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Bamboo mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Cactus virus X]]''
*''[[Cassava Colombian symptomless virus]]''
*''[[Cassava common mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Cassava virus X]]''
*''[[Clover yellow mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Cnidium virus X]]''
*''[[Cymbidium mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Euonymus yellow mottle associated virus]]''
*''[[Euonymus yellow vein virus]]''
*''[[Foxtail mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Hosta virus X]]''
*''[[Hydrangea ringspot virus]]''
*''[[Lagenaria mild mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Lettuce virus X]]''
*''[[Lily virus X]]''
*''[[Malva mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Mint virus X]]''
*''[[Narcissus mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Nerine virus X]]''
*''[[Opuntia virus X]]''
*''[[Papaya mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Pepino mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Phaius virus X]]''
*''[[Pitaya virus X]]''
*''[[Plantago asiatica mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Plantain virus X]]''
*''[[Potato aucuba mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Potato virus X]]''
*''[[Schlumbergera virus X]]''
*''[[Senna mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Strawberry mild yellow edge virus]]''
*''[[Tamus red mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Tulip virus X]]''
*''[[Turtle grass virus X]]''
*''[[Vanilla virus X]]''
*''[[White clover mosaic virus]]''
*''[[Yam virus X]]''
*''[[Zygocactus virus X]]''
{{div col end}}


==Virology==
The genome is linear, 5.9-7 kilobases in length with a capped 5' end and a polyadenylated 3' end. The genome encodes 5 proteins. From left to right these proteins are: the viral replication protein that consists of a capping enzyme domain, a helicase-like domain, the [[RNA dependent RNA polymerase]], three proteins - the triple gene block (TGB) 1, 2 and 3 - and the coat protein.
The [[virion]] length may vary considerably (between 470 and 1000 nanometers or more) and is 12-13&nbsp;nm in diameter. The pitch of the helix is of the basic helix 3.3-3.7&nbsp;nm (8-9 copies of the coat protein per turn). It is non-enveloped, flexuous and filamentous. The coat itself is composed of 1000-1500 copies of the coat protein.<ref name=ViralZone />


The genome is linear, 5.9-7 kilobases in length with a capped 5' end and a polyadenylated 3' end. The genome encodes 5 proteins. From left to right these proteins are: the viral replication protein that consists of a capping enzyme domain, a helicase-like domain, the [[RNA dependent RNA polymerase]], three proteins - the triple gene block (TGB) 1, 2 and 3 - and the coat protein.<ref name=ViralZone />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Genus !! Structure || Symmetry !! Capsid !! Genomic arrangement !! Genomic segmentation
|-
|''Potexvirus''||Filamentous||||Non-enveloped||Linear||Monopartite
|}
The RNA is translated giving rise to the viral RNA polymerase. This in turn produces a negative stranded template from which a series of subgenomic RNAs are generated. These subgenomic RNAs are then translated into the viral proteins.
The RNA is translated giving rise to the viral RNA polymerase. This in turn produces a negative stranded template from which a series of subgenomic RNAs are generated. These subgenomic RNAs are then translated into the viral proteins.


The 5' end is ~80 nucleotides in length and typically begins with the sequence GAAAA.
The 5' end is about 80 nucleotides in length and typically begins with the sequence GAAAA.<ref>{{Cite journal
| last1 = Côté | first1 = F.
| last2 = Paré | first2 = C.
| last3 = Majeau | first3 = N.
| last4 = Bolduc | first4 = M. N.
| last5 = Leblanc | first5 = É.
| last6 = Bergeron | first6 = M. G.
| last7 = Bernardy | first7 = M. G.
| last8 = Leclerc | first8 = D.
| doi = 10.1016/j.meegid.2007.10.006
| title = Nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic analysis of a new potexvirus: Malva Mosaic Virus
| journal = Infection, Genetics and Evolution
| volume = 8
| issue = 1
| pages = 83–93
| year = 2008
| pmid = 18054524
}}</ref>


In addition to its RNA polymerase activity, the viral RNA polymerase (molecular weight ~150 kilo[[Dalton (unit)|Dalton]]s) also has [[methyltransferase]] and [[RNA helicase]] activities.
In addition to its RNA polymerase activity, the viral RNA polymerase (molecular weight ~150 kilo[[Dalton (unit)|dalton]]s) also has [[methyltransferase]] and [[RNA helicase]] activities.


The TGB proteins are conserved among the [[Allexivirus]], [[Carlavirus]], [[Foveavirus]], [[Furovirus]], [[Hordeivirus]], [[Pecluvirus]], [[Pomovirus]] and Potexvirus genera. Their functions are a matter of active research.
The TGB proteins are conserved among the [[Allexivirus]], [[Carlavirus]], [[Foveavirus]], [[Furovirus]], [[Hordeivirus]], [[Pecluvirus]], [[Pomovirus]] and Potexvirus genera. Their functions are a matter of active research.


TGB 1 (molecular weight 23 kDa) is a multifunctional protein. It has RNA helicase activity and seems to be involved in cell to cell movement.
TGB 1 (molecular weight 23 kDa) is a multifunctional protein. It has RNA helicase activity and seems to be involved in cell to cell movement.


The TGB 2 (molecular weight 11 kDa) and TGB 3 (molecular weight 10 kDa) proteins associate with the [[endoplasmic reticulum]].
The TGB 2 (molecular weight 11 kDa) and TGB 3 (molecular weight 10 kDa) proteins associate with the [[endoplasmic reticulum]].
Line 64: Line 114:
The 3' untranslated region is ~100 nucleotides in length.
The 3' untranslated region is ~100 nucleotides in length.


==Hosts==
==Life cycle==
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning. The virus exits the host cell by tripartite non-tubule guided viral movement. The virus is transmitted via a vector (insects). Transmission routes are vector and mechanical.<ref name=ViralZone />


{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
Known hosts are from the ''[[Liliopsida]]'' or ''[[Magnoliopsida]]''.
|-
! Genus !! Host details !! Tissue tropism !! Entry details !! Release details !! Replication site !! Assembly site !! Transmission
|-
|''Potexvirus''||Plants||None||Viral movement; mechanical inoculation||Viral movement||Cytoplasm||Cytoplasm||Insects
|}


==Hosts==
==Viral distribution==
Known hosts are various [[flowering plant]]s.


==Distribution==
These viruses appear to occur world wide.
These viruses appear to occur worldwide.


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Wikispecies}}
*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/Ictv/fs_potex.htm ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database: Potexvirus]
*[http://medlineplus.gov/cgi/mesh/2003/MB_cgi?term=Potexvirus&field=entry#TreeB04.715.620 National Library of Medicine]
* [http://www.expasy.org/viralzone/all_by_species/272.html '''Viralzone''': Potexvirus]


* {{cite web | title=Genus: Potexvirus - Alphaflexiviridae - Positive-sense RNA Viruses | website=[[International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses]] (ICTV) | url=https://ictv.global/report/chapter/alphaflexiviridae/alphaflexiviridae/potexvirus | access-date=2020-11-13}}
[[Category:Viruses]]
* [http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/272.html Viralzone: ''Potexvirus'']
[[Category:Tymovirales]]
[[Category:Viral plant pathogens and diseases]]


{{Baltimore classification}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3400011}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Potexviruses]]
{{Virus-plant-disease-stub}}
[[Category:Viral plant pathogens and diseases]]

[[Category:Virus genera]]
[[fr:Potexvirus]]

Latest revision as of 04:35, 12 November 2023

Potexvirus
Color break symptoms caused by narcissus mosaic virus (NMV) in daffodils (A, B) and normal flower (C)
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Kitrinoviricota
Class: Alsuviricetes
Order: Tymovirales
Family: Alphaflexiviridae
Genus: Potexvirus

Potexvirus is a genus of pathogenic viruses in the order Tymovirales, in the family Alphaflexiviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 48 species in this genus, three of which are assigned to a subgenus. Diseases associated with this genus include: mosaic and ringspot symptoms.[1][2] The genus name comes from POTato virus X).

Taxonomy[edit]

Potexvirus contains one subgenus that has three species and 45 additional species unassigned to a subgenus. The following 48 species are assigned to the genus:[2]

The following species are unassigned to a subgenus:

Virology[edit]

The virion length may vary considerably (between 470 and 1000 nanometers or more) and is 12-13 nm in diameter. The pitch of the helix is of the basic helix 3.3-3.7 nm (8-9 copies of the coat protein per turn). It is non-enveloped, flexuous and filamentous. The coat itself is composed of 1000-1500 copies of the coat protein.[1]

The genome is linear, 5.9-7 kilobases in length with a capped 5' end and a polyadenylated 3' end. The genome encodes 5 proteins. From left to right these proteins are: the viral replication protein that consists of a capping enzyme domain, a helicase-like domain, the RNA dependent RNA polymerase, three proteins - the triple gene block (TGB) 1, 2 and 3 - and the coat protein.[1]

Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic arrangement Genomic segmentation
Potexvirus Filamentous Non-enveloped Linear Monopartite

The RNA is translated giving rise to the viral RNA polymerase. This in turn produces a negative stranded template from which a series of subgenomic RNAs are generated. These subgenomic RNAs are then translated into the viral proteins.

The 5' end is about 80 nucleotides in length and typically begins with the sequence GAAAA.[3]

In addition to its RNA polymerase activity, the viral RNA polymerase (molecular weight ~150 kilodaltons) also has methyltransferase and RNA helicase activities.

The TGB proteins are conserved among the Allexivirus, Carlavirus, Foveavirus, Furovirus, Hordeivirus, Pecluvirus, Pomovirus and Potexvirus genera. Their functions are a matter of active research.

TGB 1 (molecular weight 23 kDa) is a multifunctional protein. It has RNA helicase activity and seems to be involved in cell to cell movement.

The TGB 2 (molecular weight 11 kDa) and TGB 3 (molecular weight 10 kDa) proteins associate with the endoplasmic reticulum.

The coat protein has a molecular weight of ~25kDa.

The 3' untranslated region is ~100 nucleotides in length.

Life cycle[edit]

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning. The virus exits the host cell by tripartite non-tubule guided viral movement. The virus is transmitted via a vector (insects). Transmission routes are vector and mechanical.[1]

Genus Host details Tissue tropism Entry details Release details Replication site Assembly site Transmission
Potexvirus Plants None Viral movement; mechanical inoculation Viral movement Cytoplasm Cytoplasm Insects

Hosts[edit]

Known hosts are various flowering plants.

Distribution[edit]

These viruses appear to occur worldwide.

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  2. ^ a b "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  3. ^ Côté, F.; Paré, C.; Majeau, N.; Bolduc, M. N.; Leblanc, É.; Bergeron, M. G.; Bernardy, M. G.; Leclerc, D. (2008). "Nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic analysis of a new potexvirus: Malva Mosaic Virus". Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 8 (1): 83–93. doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2007.10.006. PMID 18054524.

External links[edit]

Wikispecies has information related to Potexvirus.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Potexvirus&oldid=1184714016"