Type 90 75 mm field gun
| Type 90 75 mm field gun | |
|---|---|
|
|
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| General Information | |
| Military designation: | 九 〇 式 野砲 |
| Manufacturer country: |
 Japan
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| Development year: | 1930 |
| Production time: | 1932 to 1945 |
| Number of pieces: | 768 |
| Weapon Category: | Field gun |
| Team: | 6th |
| Technical specifications | |
| Pipe length: | 2,883 m |
| Caliber : |
75 mm |
| Caliber length : | L / 38.4 |
| Weight ready for use: | 1400 (standard) 1600 (motorized) kg |
| Cadence : | 4-15 rounds / min |
| Elevation range: | −8 ° to +43 degrees |
| Side straightening area: | 50 ° |
| Furnishing | |
| Closure Type : | Screw lock |
| Ammunition supply: | individually |
The 75 mm field gun Type 90 ( Japanese 九 〇 式 野砲 , Kyūmaru-shiki yahō ) was a field gun that was used by the Imperial Japanese Army in the Second Sino-Japanese War , the Japanese-Soviet border conflict and the Pacific War from 1932 to 1945 was used. The designation Type 90 indicates the year the troops were introduced, the year Kōki 2590 or 1930 according to the Gregorian calendar.
history
The 75-mm field gun Type 90 was developed by the Japanese in the greatest secrecy developed should the most modern artillery for the division - Artillery are and the delivery to the troops began in 1936. The Type 90 was delivered in two variations: one with large wooden wheels intended for horse-drawn / horse-drawn limbs , and one with rubberized tires , which was intended for motorized bandages and could be pulled by tractors . Originally intended as a field gun, it was often used for anti-tank defense because of its high muzzle velocity .
In June 1939 eight Type 90 field guns of the 1st Independent Field Artillery Regiment were used during the Japanese-Soviet border conflict in the Battle of Nomonhan. A total of 82 Japanese guns with calibers between 75 mm and 15 cm took part in the firefight, which was victorious for the Soviet artillery. In addition to the disadvantage of the terrain, the insufficient supply of ammunition had an impact on the Japanese side and after three days the Japanese could no longer return fire.
In preparation for an Allied landing , the island of Iwojima was provided with almost 30 kilometers of tunnels with 5000 caves by the 109th Division under the command of Lieutenant General Kuribayashi Tadamichi . Among the 129 guns with calibers between 75 mm and 15 cm, which had been brought into position in caves and bunkers to defend the island, there were eight Type 90 field guns of the Artillery Company of the 26th Panzer Regiment. From their hidden positions they were able to incapacitate several American tanks.
The Type 90 field gun was used in all theaters of war during the Pacific War until the end of 1945.
technology
The Type 90 had a caliber of 75 mm and was operated by six gunners. It was equipped with a spreader carriage , a horizontally movable screw lock and a hydropneumatic recoil system. It was the only gun in the Japanese army that was equipped with a muzzle brake. 768 copies of the Type 90 field gun were produced.
- Caliber: 75 mm
- Caliber length: L / 38.4
- Pipe length: 2.883 m
- Elevation range: −8 ° to + 43 °
- Side straightening range: 50 °
- Gun weight:
- 1,400 kg in the standard version
- 1,600 kg in motorized version
- Bullet weight: 6.56 kg
- Muzzle velocity V 0 = 683 m / s
- Effective range: approx. 14,000 m
variants
The Type 90 cannon formed the basis for the 75 mm Type 3 combat vehicle cannon , which was mainly installed in the Type 3 Chi Nu tank.
literature
- Gordon L. Rottman : Japanese Army in World War II: The South Pacific and New Guinea, 1942-43 . Osprey Publishing, 2005, ISBN 978-1-84176-870-0 .
Web links
- Type 90 75mm Field Gun. Taki's homepage, accessed March 26, 2015 .
- Chapter d. Model 90 (1930) 75-mm gun. Handbook on Japanese Military Forces, September 1944, accessed December 22, 2014 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Chapter d. http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/Japan/IJA/HB/HB-9.html#III. Handbook on Japanese Military Forces, September 1944, accessed December 22, 2014 .
- ↑ a b c d Type 90 75mm Field Gun. Taki's homepage, accessed March 26, 2015 .
- ↑ a b c The history of battles of Imperial Japanese Artillery Forces. Taki's homepage, accessed March 12, 2015 .