Type 11 70mm infantry mortar
| Type 11 70mm infantry mortar | |
|---|---|
|
|
|
| General Information | |
| Military designation: | 十 一年 式 曲 射 歩 兵 砲 |
| Manufacturer country: |
 Japan
|
| Production time: | 1922 to 1937 |
| Number of pieces: | 247 |
| Weapon Category: | mortar |
| Technical specifications | |
| Pipe length: | 0.75 m |
| Caliber : |
70 mm |
| Caliber length : | L10.7 |
| Weight ready for use: | 63 kg |
| Elevation range: | + 43 ° to +73 degrees |
| Furnishing | |
| Ammunition supply: | individually |
The Type 11 70 mm infantry mortar ( Japanese 十 一年 式 曲 射 歩 兵 砲 , Jūichinen-shiki kyokusha Hoheihō ) was a mortar used by the Imperial Japanese Army in the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Pacific War from 1922 to 1945 has been. The designation Type 11 indicates the year the troops were introduced, the 11th year of Emperor Taishō's rule or 1922 according to the Gregorian calendar.
history
During the First World War , the use of portable mortars for the infantry had proven itself and all nations, u. a. the Japanese Empire , were very interested in acquiring such weapons. The Japanese army divided the new weapons into two categories: infantry mortars for the same, and trench and siege mortars . In 1922, the first infantry mortar manufactured in Japan with a caliber of 70 mm was developed and was given the designation Type 11 70 mm infantry mortar. The design was mainly based on the models that had been in use towards the end of the World War, such as the Light Mine Launcher System Lanz 9.15 cm or the Light Mine Launcher 7.58 cm . Each infantry battalion was then assigned a local fire support company , in which one platoon was equipped with Type 11 37 mm infantry guns and a second platoon with Type 11 mortars.
Some Type 11 mortars were used during the Wushe Rebellion in 1930 in Taiwan, which was occupied by the Japanese Empire . It was also used at the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War . Operations in the Pacific War were extremely rare.
That of Edgar Brandt revised draft of the Stokes mortar (mortar tube with bipod ) led early 1930s more modern for the development mortar as the Type 94 90-mm infantry mortars , Type 97 81 mm infantry mortar and Type 97 90-mm Infantry mortar . As a result, the Type 11 mortars were given to troops of the 2nd line (reserve and occupation troops). Ultimately, the mortar and infantry gun within the fire support companies were replaced by the Type 92 battalion gun .
234 Type 11 mortars were produced between 1922 and 1937, with production drastically reduced from 1932.
The Type 11 was in service until the end of the war in 1945.
technology
Similar to the first mine throwers , the Type 11 was mounted on a base plate. This was made of wood and had a length of 80 cm and a width of 44 cm. It was reinforced by metal and had two half-open eyelets on each side, which were intended for the carrying bars. So the 63 kg mortar could be quickly moved to a new position by four men. At the same time, the carrying bars served as a target aid. With the help of a handwheel, the side straightening range could be changed by up to 23 ° via a semicircular gear. An elongated rod attached to the left behind the foot of the tube enabled the shooter to set the azimuth , but not measure the range. In order to change the range had a mounted on the single leg below the pipe nut to be adjusted. The ammunition was introduced from the front, as is usual with mortars. The Type 11 fired wing-stabilized ammunition (HE, smoke and apron lighting) to a maximum range of 1500 meters.
Technical specifications
- Caliber: 70 mm
- Gun length: 0.75 m
- Elevation range: + 37 ° to + 77 °
- Side straightening range: 23 °
- Gun weight: 61 kg
- Bullet weight: 2.5 kg
- Muzzle velocity V 0 = 147 m / s
- Maximum range: 1500 m
- Number produced: 234
literature
- John Norris: Infantry Mortars of World War II . Osprey Publishing, 2002, ISBN 978-1-84176-414-6 .
- Leland Ness: Guide to Japanese Ground Forces 1937–1945: Volume 2: Weapons of the Imperial Japanese Army & Navy Ground Forces Helion & Company, 2014, ISBN 978-1-909982-75-8 .
Web links
- Type 11 70 mm Infantry Mortar. Taki's homepage, accessed July 5, 2016 .
- Enemy Ordnance Material - Type 11 Mortar. U.S. Army Medical Department, accessed January 5, 2015 .