Labin

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Labin
coat of arms
coat of arms 		flag
flag
Labin (Croatia)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Coordinates: 45 ° 5 ′ 35 ″  N , 14 ° 7 ′ 18 ″  E
Basic data
State : Croatian flag Croatia
County : Flag of Istria County Istria
Height : 0  m. i. J.
Area : 72  km²
Residents : 11,642 (2011)
Population density : 162 inhabitants per km²
Telephone code : (+385) 052
Postal code : 52220
License plate : PU
Boat registration : RC
Structure and administration
(as of 2017)
Community type : city
Mayor : Valter Glavičić ( IDS / DDI )
Postal address : Titov trg 10
52220 Labin
Website :
Old town of Labin
Facade of the parish church of the Nativity with a Venetian lion
Old town of Labin

Labin ( Italian Albona ) is a town in Istria County , Croatia . Labin is located near the east coast of the Istrian peninsula halfway between Pula and Opatija . The municipality has almost 12,000 inhabitants, of which around 6,900 live in the city center and 1,400 in the tourist resort of Rabac ( Portalbona ).

Labin is the birthplace of the Lutheran theologian Matthias Flacius . From the 19th century until after the Second World War, the main industries were agriculture and coal mining . After the decline of mining and the closure of the last coal mine in Podlabin, tourism has been the city's main source of income since the 1960s. In addition to the three-aisled town church of the Birth of the Virgin Mary, the loggia (built from 1601 to 1603) and the town gate (1687), the representative residential buildings (Italian palazzi ) of the patrician families Scampicchio (1570), Francovich (16th century) and Lazzarini-Battiala (1717) are worth seeing , today City Museum).

Districts

The municipality of Labin consists of the following districts (Italian name and population in brackets according to the 2011 census):

  • Bartići ( Bartici , 72)
  • Breg ( Montagna , 39)
  • Duga Luka ( Portolungo , 27)
  • Gondolići ( Gondali , 74)
  • Gora Glušići ( Glussici , 30)
  • Kapelica ( Cappelletta , 617)
  • Kranjci ( Crainzi , 95)
  • Labin ( Albona , 6.893)
  • Marceljani ( Marcegliani , 192)
  • Presika ( Fratta , 578)
  • Rabac ( Portalbona , 1,393)
  • Ripenda Kosi ( Ripenda Cossi , 12)
  • Ripenda Kras ( Ripenda Carso , 124)
  • Ripenda Verbanci ( Ripenda Verbanzio , 86)
  • Rogočana ( Rogozzana , 143)
  • Salakovci ( Salaco , 48)
  • Vinež ( Vines , 1.219)

The core town of Labin consists of the two districts Stari Grad (old town, Italian città alta or città vecchia , about 3,900 inhabitants) and Podlabin (lower town, Italian Piedalbona , about 3,000 inhabitants).

history

The name Albona or Alvona is probably of Illyrian-Celtic origin and indicates that there was a permanent settlement in the area of ​​today's old town from at least the 4th century BC. Finds from the Neolithic and the Bronze Age also suggest that people had settled on the conveniently located hill a long time before.

From 177 B.C. Labin came under Roman rule and was added to the province of Illyricum . The oldest preserved written document in the city - the stone inscription Res Republica Albonessium - also dates from the Roman period (3rd century AD).

After the fall of the Western Roman Empire in AD 476, Labin was under different rulers over the next centuries. One after the other, Ostrogoths , Byzantines , Lombards , again Byzantines and finally the Franks came and went . Between 902 and 1207 Labin was part of the German Empire, whereby political power in Istria at that time was mostly exercised by noble families from Carinthia.

From 1207 to 1420 the Patriarch of Aquileia (located north of Venice) was in charge of Labin and the surrounding area, before a new era began with the incorporation into the Republic of Venice on July 3, 1420. The almost 400 years of Venetian rule gave the city an enormous economic boom, as did most of the monuments still visible today in the old town. With the fall of the Maritime Republic in 1797, the French made a brief guest appearance under Napoleon, before Labin, along with all of Istria, was slammed into Austria from 1813. In the 19th century, the city began to prosper again, which was achieved, among other things, by exploiting the coal deposits in and around Labin.

After the First World War and the disintegration of the multi-ethnic Austrian state, Labin was incorporated into Italy by the Treaty of Saint-Germain in 1919 and remained so until the end of the Second World War in 1945. On March 2, 1921, the miners of Labin entered because of poor working conditions the strike. After 36 days this was violently ended and the leaders responsible were punished. This episode went down in history as the Labinska Republika ( Republic of Labin ). Between 1945 and 1991 Labin belonged to the Socialist Republic of Croatia within Yugoslavia and since 1991 to the sovereign Republic of Croatia .

population

According to the 2011 census, the municipality of Labin had 11,642 inhabitants, of whom 5,700 were male and 5,942 were female.

According to ethnicity, 62.4% of the inhabitants of the municipality were Croatians , 7.9% Bosniaks , 2.5% Serbs , 2.4% Italians , 0.7% Albanians , 0.6% Slovenes and 1.4% gave another recognized ethnicity. 17.6% of the inhabitants called themselves Istrians or stated another regional affiliation and 1.6% stated a religion for this question. For the remaining 2.9%, the ethnicity was not given or was unknown. By citizenship, around 98.6% were Croatians (3.4% of whom had dual citizenship) and 1.3% were foreigners. The remaining 0.1% had no citizenship.

As their mother tongue, 89.8% stated their language as Croatian , 4.2% as Bosnian , 0.6% as Serbian , 0.5% as Serbo-Croatian and 0.1% as Croatian- Serbian . 2.7% named Italian as their mother tongue, 0.5% Albanian , 0.4% Slovenian , 0.1% German and 0.7% stated another language. The mother tongue of the remaining 0.4% of the population was unknown. The official language of the municipality is Croatian.

According to religion, 67.3% of the population were Catholics , 10.7% Muslims , 2.8% Orthodox , 0.1% Protestants and 0.3% indicated a different religious affiliation. 12.2% were non-denominational , in the remaining 6.3% the religion was not given or was unknown.

Personalities

literature

Web links

Commons : Labin  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d e Croatian Bureau of Statistics: Census of Population, Households and Dwellings 2011 , accessed December 28, 2012