Sulików
| Sulików | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lower Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Zgorzelec | ||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 5 ' N , 15 ° 4' E | ||
| Height : | 208 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 2014 (Dec. 31, 2004) | ||
| Postal code : | 59-975 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 75 | ||
| License plate : | DZG | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Bogatynia - Lubań | ||
| Rail route : | Mikułowa – Bogatynia | ||
| Next international airport : | Wroclaw | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Rural community | ||
| Gmina structure: | 22 villages | ||
| 16 school authorities | |||
| Surface: | 95.22 km² | ||
| Residents: | 6052 (June 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 64 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 0225052 | ||
| Administration (as of 2007) | |||
| Community leader : | Jan Hasiuk | ||
| Address: | ul.Dworcowa 5 59-975 Sulików |
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| Website : | www.sulikow.pl | ||
Sulików [ su'likuf ] (German Schönberg / OL ) is a village with approx. 2,000 inhabitants in the powiat Zgorzelecki ( Görlitz district ) in the Polish Voivodeship of Lower Silesia .
Geographical location
The place is located in Lower Silesia , 9 kilometers southeast of Görlitz am Rothwasser ( Czerwona Woda ).
history
Around 1230, the town of Schönberg was built west of Schönberg (295 m). The Lords of Schönburg are believed to be the founders of the city . At the same time as the city, the village of Halbendorf below was created, which was later given the addition of Nieder Halbendorf. Above the city, the village of Kuhzagel joined the Rothwasser, which has been known as Ober Halbendorf since 1570.
The parish church was built before 1234 and in 1268 Schönberg already had city rights, but at no time had city fortifications. Well-known Upper Lusatian aristocratic houses, such as those of Gersdorff , Salza, Nostitz and Rechenberg, alternated as the landlords of Schönberg ; from the middle of the 15th century these were also rich Görlitz merchants. Despite its location on the trade route from Görlitz to Friedland the city grew halfway between Görlitz and Seidenberg hardly because both the powerful six town Görlitz and the at the time as the seat of an extended civil rule had little interest in competing in the immediate vicinity significant Seidenberg and knew how to prevent this. The Reformation took place in Schönberg in 1524 .
In 1572, Schönberg was granted the privilege of holding a fair , and city rights were confirmed. In 1586, craft guilds were created in Schönberg. During the Thirty Years' War , Schönberg came as part of Upper Lusatia from the Bohemian to the Saxon sovereignty. The city experienced a small upswing after the war when religious refugees from Bohemia and Silesia moved in. The landlord Wolf Albrecht von Loeben allowed them to build a new district, the Neustadt, which was then called Neuloeben .
In 1688 a city fire destroyed large parts of the city, as a result of which the city church was rebuilt. At the beginning of the 18th century, weaving became the main occupation. The city became famous for the Missolan , a coarse linen and wool fabric that was shipped to the world via Hamburg as Schönberger stuff . An ore mining attempt from 1731 was not very successful. The drive into the Schönberg, known as the Holy Council and Will of Gods Erbstolln , was soon stopped due to unsuccessfulness.
Schönberg had great success as a bathroom. To the right of the road from Schönberg towards Reichenau / Seidenberg are the ruins of the house in which the (medicinal) water was served. The first visitors are reported as early as the seventeenth century. The Dominium Schönberg took on responsibility for the serving and also produced its own bottles with melted-down stamps. Postcard greetings from the late nineteenth century attest to this rich source of income.
Since the division of Upper Lusatia in 1815, Schönberg belonged to Prussia and from 1816 to 1945 it was part of the Lauban district . In the 19th century, carpet and cotton weaving mills emerged in the city, and furriers , shoes and cigar makers also gained importance. Around 1920 the market square of the Neuloeben district was built with a settlement. In 1921 parts of Nieder Halbendorf were incorporated into Schönberg. It was not until 1927 that the city received a railway connection to the line from Görlitz to Lauban through the Kleinbahn-AG Schönberg-Nikolausdorf (Mikułowa) . This route was continued in 1948 to Zawidów (Seidenberg) to connect this city with the rail network of the Polish state railway PKP .
In 1945 Schoenberg was part of the district Luban in the district Liegnitz the Prussian province of Lower Silesia of the German Reich .
After the end of the Second World War , Schönberg was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power . The place was first called Szymbark by the Poles . A cross on the main road coming from the direction of Görlitz still shows this place name. With the name reform, the place name Sulików was introduced. The local German population was expelled from Schönberg by the local Polish administrative authority . The resulting decrease in the number of inhabitants resulted in the withdrawal of city rights. The places Mała Wies Dolna ( Lower Half Village ) and Mała Wies Gorna ( Upper Half Village ) were incorporated.
economy
In the district of Studniska Górne (Ober-Schönbrunn) there used to be two brickworks and, since 1860, a lignite mine that overflowed after a downpour and was closed in 1911. In Sulików a cardboard factory is located and on the Schoenberg which occurs degradation of basalt .
Attractions
A special gem of Sulików are two arbor houses. These half-timbered buildings were built after the great fire, originally around the whole market, which has an area of 94 × 53 m. The oldest of these houses is the Scharfe Ecke from 1688.
The former Protestant (now Catholic) town church is a richly decorated baroque building. Only the boxes on the left and right in the choir area were removed after the war. The crypt under the choir was "sealed" in the 1980s. Not far from the town church is the neo-Gothic chapel of St. Cross, which was used by the Catholics as a place of worship before 1945.
The station building designed in 1927 by the Wroclaw architect Adolf Rading is well preserved and has only been changed slightly. It was the first unrepresentative through station of a small station designed according to its technical purpose.
Population development
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1600 | 450 | |
| 1650 | 250 | |
| 1785 | 800 | |
| 1825 | 1,035 | |
| 1905 | 1,302 | |
| 1933 | 2,078 | |
| 1939 | 1,935 | |
| 1961 | 2,000 | |
| 2006 | 2.014 |
local community
The rural municipality of Sulików is part of the Neisse Euroregion .
The following localities belong to the municipality:
- Bierna ( Berna )
- Ksawerów, formerly Świechów ( Zwecka , 1937–1945 Erlbachtal )
- Jabłoniec ( New Gablenz )
- Łowin ( New Löben )
- Mała Wieś Dolna ( Nieder Halbendorf , formerly Halbendorf )
- Mała Wieś Górna ( Ober Halbendorf , formerly Kuhzagel )
- Miedziane ( Küpper )
- Mikułowa ( Nikolausdorf )
- Nowoszyce ( Neuhaus )
- Podgórze ( Hartha )
- Radzimów ( Bellmannsdorf )
- Skrzydlice ( Kundorf )
- Stary Zawidów ( Old Seidenberg )
- Studniska Dolne ( Nieder Schönbrunn )
- Studniska Górne ( Upper Schönbrunn )
- Sulików ( Schönberg )
- Wielichów ( Königsfeld )
- Wilka (1937–1945 Wilke )
- Wilka-Bory, formerly Borów ( Bohra )
- Wrociszów Dolny ( Nieder Rudelsdorf )
- Wrociszów Górny ( Ober Rudelsdorf )
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the church
- Johann Christoph Altnikol (baptized January 1, 1720 in Berna, buried July 25, 1759 in Naumburg (Saale)), German composer and organist, student and son-in-law of Johann Sebastian Bach
- Jakob Böhme (born March 8, 1575 in Alt-Seidenberg near Görlitz, † November 17, 1624 in Görlitz), natural philosopher
- Moritz von Bissing (1844–1917), Colonel General, born in Ober Bellmannsdorf
- Erich Caspar (born January 10, 1879 in Bellmannsdorf, † February 6, 1956 in Bremen), politician (SPD)
- Ernst Niedermeyer (1920–2012), doctor and scientist, born in Schönberg
People connected to the community
- Moritz von Bissing (1802–1860), master of the Ober and Nieder Bellmannsdorf estates
literature
- Some notes about the healing springs near Schönberg. Görlitz 1838 ( digitized version )
- Artur Schulze: History of the city of Schönberg, OL: 1234–1934 . Ed .: City of Schönberg, O.-L. Martin Lehmann, Schönberg 1934 (68 pages).
- Hermann Pathe: The church in Küpper (Upper Lusatia) 1346–1736–1936: Festschrift for the celebration of d. 200 years Existence of the Protestant church in Küpper OL, built by Fr. Otto Conrad von Hohberg 1726-1736. ud 600 years. Existence d. Parish Küpper-Berna, Lauban district . Starke, Görlitz 1936 (84 pages).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ Architecture of the Twenties in Germany - A Legacy in Danger. Langewiesche publishing house, Königstein 2009, Fig. 289.
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. lauban.html # ew39laubschnbobls. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ http://www.sulikow.pl
- ^ RP Lesser. Obituary / Clin. Neurophysiol. 123 (2012) 1262-1263
