Botanical Garden (Marburg)
The Marburg Botanical Garden belongs to the Philipps University of Marburg and is located on the Lahn Mountains . It was created between 1961 and 1977. With 20 hectares , it is one of the larger botanical gardens in Germany. Focus of the collections the Arboretum with many are conifers ( conifer ) , a large rhododendron Imagery, spring forest and alpine flowers, the mountain plants from various continents contains. Many plants from the tropical rainforests are shown in the greenhouses , including the titan arum ( Amorphophallus titanum ), the largest flower in the world.
history
Towards the end of the 1960s, the natural science subjects of the Philipps University of Marburg were relocated to the Lahnberge , as there was no space for extensive new buildings in the city center. A new botanical garden was laid out in close proximity to the Botanical and Zoological Institute of the Department of Biology . The much smaller old botanical garden in the city center of Marburg also belongs to the university, but is only used as a park .
Prof. Günter Grzimek was commissioned to design the new botanical garden . In the first construction phase, the forest worker Helmut Uschmann had a fatal accident during clearing work on January 18, 1966.
A total of 80,000 m³ of earth had to be moved to design the site. So were u. a. a pond and an approx. 1 km long stream were created, the water of which is constantly recycled by a pumping station.
The total cost of building the new botanical garden was DM 12.4 million . Of this, 6 million were in the field and 6.4 million in the greenhouses. On June 1, 1977, the new botanical garden was opened in connection with the 450th anniversary of Philipps University.
Current situation
The existence of the New Botanical Garden in Marburg has been in acute danger since 2010. As a result of the budget cuts for Hessian universities by the Koch government in 2009, the Philipps University of Marburg was no longer able to pay for the maintenance of the garden in the following year. In July 2010, its closure seemed imminent. This could be averted at the last second, but it was completely uncertain for several years where the lost university funds would come from. Neither the state of Hesse, nor the city of Marburg or the district of Marburg-Biedenkopf saw themselves in a position to finance the continued operation.
In 2013, medium-term financing of the garden was agreed by the university, the state of Hesse and the city of Marburg, so that its existence is secured until at least the end of 2017. Energy consumption and thus costs are to be reduced through an energetic renovation of the greenhouses.
In the first months of 2016 the stream was renovated and in 2017 the systematic department was redesigned. Among other things, the number of beds has been reduced so that the garden can get by with fewer staff.
investment
The New Botanical Garden has the following departments:
Arboretum
The focus of the arboretum (tree collection) is on the conifers. Several specimens of the giant sequoia tree ( Sequoiadendron giganteum ) and the primeval sequoia tree ( Metasequoia glyptostroboides ) have been planted here. There are several ginkgos at the northern entrance . In other areas of the garden you can see deciduous trees of the genera poplar , willow , birch , alder , beech , oak , hazel , juglans , elm , maple , horse chestnut , rose , prunus , plane tree , ash , linden , god's trees and paulownia . Both native species of the respective genus are shown (if such exist) as well as a representative selection of species from other parts of the world.
There are also some cultivars and varieties of the trees mentioned above, e.g. B. numerous ornamental forms of the spruce and yew trees as well as a copper beech .
In the northern part, the arboretum forms the edge of the plantation.
Systematic department
In the middle of the new botanical garden, representatives of the various seed plant families are shown, which grow herbaceous and are arranged according to the criteria of biological systematics .
Medicinal and useful plants
In other beds in the middle of the garden, numerous medicinal and useful plants are shown. These are divided into the following sections: carbohydrate plants (e.g. grain), fatty plants, vegetable plants, fiber plants, luxury food plants, rubber plants and dye plants.
Fern Canyon
One focus of the new Marburg Botanical Garden is the fern collection . In the so-called Fern Gorge, the hollow shape of which was created in the Middle Ages when an ox cart path was washed away, 80 different fern species can be seen.
Systematic department
Crop Plants Department
Fern Canyon
Barrows
In the southern part of the garden there are some barrows from the Urnfield Culture (younger Bronze Age ). A half-timbered wall provides information about this culture and the grave finds.
Heath and rhododendron garden
Numerous species of heather and rhododendron can be seen here. In addition to some wild species, an extensive range of hybrid rhododendrons also grow here. At heather species are u. a. shown: heather ( Calluna vulgaris ), bell heather ( Erica tetralix ), snow heather ( Erica carnea ) and gray heather ( Erica cinerea ).
Tumulus
Heather garden
Spring forest
In the spring forest, numerous plants that bloom in spring are shown under the loose trees. They belong to the genera Scilla , Tulipa , Narcissus , Gagea , Iris , Anemone and Pulsatilla . By giving appropriate lime, lime-loving representatives of the spring bloomers can also be shown.
Spring forest
Spring forest
Spring forest
Alpinum
In the large Alpinum are alpine plants from Europe , Western Asia , the Himalayas , East Asia ( China and Japan ), North - and South America as well as from New Zealand shown.
Alpinum
Alpinum, Western Europe Department
labyrinth
On November 5, 2006, some women, with the help of artist Li Shalima, created a maze in the northeastern part of the botanical garden . Since then, the eight annual festivals have been celebrated here by a women's group .
labyrinth
labyrinth
labyrinth
Show greenhouses
The show greenhouses cover a total area of 1,700 m². The ridge height is 7 m, in the tropical house 12 m. The following greenhouses are available:
-
Big tropical house
- Area: 545 m²
- Temperature: 18-20 degrees Celsius
- Ridge height : 12 m
- Plants of the tropical rainforest of the Old and New World. Among other things, the titan arum is planted here.
-
Canary house with laurel forest
- Area: 182 m² + 82 m²
- Temperature: 8-10 degrees Celsius in winter
- Ridge height: 7 m
- Plants of the Canary Islands
- Crop house:
-
Amazon House:
- Area: 123 m²
- Temperature: 22 degrees Celsius
- Water temperature 28 degrees Celsius
- Ridge height: 6 m
- Aquatic plants of the Amazon region , including the giant water lily ( Victoria amazonica ) and the mangrove Bruguiera sexangula .
-
Fern house
- Area: 182 m²
- Temperature: 18-20 degrees Celsius
- Ridge height: 7 m
- Tropical ferns
-
Succulent house
- Area: 227 m²
- Temperature: 12 degrees Celsius in winter
- Ridge height: 7 m
- Cacti and other succulents
- Outback house
- Carnivore house : Carnivorous plants are shown here. However, this house is not open to the public. The plants can only be viewed from the outside.
Greenhouses plan
Greenhouses
Greenhouses
Tropical house
Fern house
Succulent house
Amazon house
Amazon house
entry
For a long time, the new Marburg Botanical Garden was open to the public free of charge. After considerable funding cuts by the Hessian state government under Koch , the Philipps University of Marburg introduced entry fees from 2005 , which are currently four euros (two euros reduction for those entitled) per person. Children under 14 have free entry. Additional funds are obtained through sponsoring (“tree sponsorships”). In recent years, concerts, exhibitions and the Marburg short film festival Open Eyes have also taken place in the botanical garden.
literature
- ↑ [1] , - ( Memento of the original from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5]
- ↑ http://www.uni-marburg.de/aktuelles/news/2013c/newsitemext.2013-09-10.7696996661
See also
literature
- Horst Becker: The old botanical garden in Marburg an der Lahn (The Blue Books), Königstein 1997, ISBN 3-7845-0855-3
- Volker Melzheimer, Hans Christian Weber: Guide through the botanical garden of the Philipps University of Marburg , Marburg 1995
- Marburg. Botanical Garden of the Phillips University in: Loki Schmidt (Ed.): The botanical gardens in Germany , Hamburg (Hoffmann and Campe) 1997, pp. 221–224
- Rudolf Schmitz: On the history of the botanical garden of the Philippina in: Deutsche Apotheker-Zeitung , Volume 17 (1977), pp. 836-842
- Rudolf Schmitz: The natural sciences at the Philipps University of Marburg 1527-1977 , Marburg 1978
- Ingeborg maintenance student: Georg Wilhelm Franz Wenderoth (1774–1861). A contribution to the history of botany at the University of Marburg , Darmstadt (Hessian Historical Commission) 1989
Web links
- Philipps University of Marburg: Botanical Garden
- Literature on the Botanical Garden in the Hessian Bibliography
Coordinates: 50 ° 48 ′ 10.8 " N , 8 ° 48 ′ 33.8" E