Brandov
| Brandov | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Ústecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Must | ||||
| Area : | 1230.3292 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 38 ' N , 13 ° 23' E | ||||
| Height: | 543 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 247 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 435 47 | ||||
| License plate : | U | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jiří Mooz (as of 2013) | ||||
| Address: | Rudé armády 251 435 47 Brandov |
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| Municipality number: | 567078 | ||||
| Website : | www.brandov.cz | ||||
| Location of Brandov in the Most district | |||||
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Brandov ( German Brandau ) is a municipality in Ústecký kraj in the Czech Republic .
geography
location
Brandov is located in the Bohemian Ore Mountains in the Genzzipfel to Olbernhau in Saxony, about four kilometers northwest , at the confluence of the Natzschung , Schweinitz and Flöha . All of the rivers mentioned form the state border with Germany in sections in the west and east of the municipality. There is a car border crossing into neighboring Olbernhau.
Community structure
No districts are shown for the community of Brandov. Brandov includes the Zelený Důl (Böhmisch Grünthal) and the Schweinitzmühle desert.
Neighboring places
| Olbernhau | ||
| Kalek (Kallich) |
.svg)
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Olbernhau |
| Hora Svaté Kateřiny (Sankt Katharinaberg) |
history
Brandov was founded in the 16th century . The first written evidence comes from the year 1549. The place probably got its name from a fire clearance. Brandau was famous for iron finds, and many residents also dedicated themselves to woodworking. Gottlieb Felix acquired Böhmisch Grünthal and Brandau through purchase from Georg von Carlowitz . The church was mentioned for the first time in 1622. In 1673 Brandau became a parish. The baroque church of Archangel Michael was built from 1720 to 1730 . The statue of St. John Nepomuk dates from 1730. In 1780 the parish was established.
In the years after 1851 coal was searched for opposite house no. This attempt was unsuccessful. Further drilling was only carried out later, this time with success. Coal was found in the forest near the horse stream (Koňský potok). Shortly afterwards a company was founded, which was led by the directors of the iron works in Kallich (Kalek). 1853 began with the extraction of coal. The mine was named Gabriele in honor of Countess Marie Gabrielle von Buquoy, the owner of Rothenhaus Castle . After the countess's death, the company collapsed. In 1876 only 6 miners were working in the shaft.
The property of Rothenhaus was bequeathed to the daughter Isabella, whose daughter Maria Gabriele married Prince Ludwig Karl Gustav von Hohenlohe-Langenburg. The prince fell on July 26th, 1866 in the battle of Königgrätz , his son Gottfried took over his property.
In 1893 Johann Schlutius bought the mines. He was the owner of the Karow manor in Mecklenburg. Under his leadership, the company developed again. The new finds of anthracite deposits increased the number from 15 miners in 1900 to 92. In June 1898 the mine was modernized and a railway was built. At the end of the 19th century Brandau was made a parish village. Next to the church of St. Michael there was a post office and a mill in the village. The residents were mainly engaged in mining and made wooden toys . The community itself belonged to the judicial district of Katharinaberg .
At the beginning of the 20th century, the number of miners continued to grow and a colony of miners emerged near the village. The mine got a steam cap and another winding tower was lifted up. The shaft was now 600 meters long and 60 meters deep. That changed again when in 1906 another shaft was opened at the upper end of the village ("Glückauf-Schacht") (Zdař Bůh). A large building with offices and apartments for the employees was built next to it.
The "Glückauf-Schacht" was connected to Olbernhau in Saxony by a cable car . Most of the coal was brought over here and marketed under the name “Olbernhauer Anthracite Coal”. 172 miners were employed in 1910.
After the outbreak of the First World War , the border with Saxony was closed. The telephone lines were also cut and the coal was now on the dump in Brandau. Only after lengthy negotiations could the coal be returned to Saxony.
In 1921 work in the mines was interrupted. The reason was the hyperinflation of the Deutsche Mark. The promotion became unprofitable. The financial situation deteriorated so much that Gabriel had to be auctioned. The government stopped the auction and "Gabriele" was closed and dismantled. In 1924 only 73 workers were still working here. Many of the residents had to look for new jobs - as construction workers, carpenters or woodworkers, others found work in mines in northern Bohemia under the mountains, others went to the rolling mills FA Lange in Grünthal, which also had production facilities in Bohemian Grünthal ( Zelený důl ). Agriculture was never of great importance here, it usually served as additional income.
The Brandau stop, which opened on June 15, 1928, was the only station on the Olbernhau-Grünthal-Deutschneudorf railway line on Czechoslovakian territory and only went into operation one year after the line opened in 1927. The small, one-story reception building in half-timbered construction contained waiting and service rooms as well as rooms for the Czechoslovak border and customs officers. After 1945 the stop was no longer served due to the changed political situation. The high-rise buildings were demolished around 1970.
During the Second World War , consideration was given to resuming coal mining. In 1942 this idea was finally rejected. The coal reserves were completely exhausted. In 1946 the expulsion of the German population began. Czechs came for the Germans; but the village lost over 2000 inhabitants by 1950. Also in the following years the number of inhabitants decreased steadily. Today 268 people live here and the village serves as a local recreation area.
The place is part of the Saxon Coal Road project .
Development of the population
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Sons and daughters of the church
- Willi Neubert (1920–2011), painter of the Bitterfelder Weg
- Walter K. Werner (1931–2008), folk artist and wood artisan
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/567078/Brandov
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Historický lexikon obcí České republiky - 1869-2015. Český statistický úřad, December 18, 2015, accessed on January 24, 2016 (Czech).