Buchhof (Starnberg)

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Buchhof
City of Starnberg
Coordinates: 48 ° 0 ′ 7 ″  N , 11 ° 22 ′ 58 ″  E
Buchhof Castle
Buchhof Castle

Buchhof is an estate within the Upper Bavarian district town of Starnberg . The Bavarian State Office for Statistics runs Buchhof as an independent district of Starnberg. In terms of community politics, the settlement is part of the Starnberg district of Percha , to whose administrative area it belonged until it was incorporated on May 1, 1978. Buchhof Palace, the listed former country estate of the landowners, is used as the school building of the "Munich International School".

location

The buildings of the Buchhof estate are 633  m above sea level. NHN on a moraine hill about two kilometers east of Starnberg city center. They can be reached via Olympiastraße (State Road 2065). The federal motorway 952 cuts through the corridors of the estate in the Percha district , which border on the north-west of the Leutstettener Moos and to the south on the municipality of Berg .

In the south they are part of the Starnberger See - Ost landscape protection area , in the north they are part of the Würmtal landscape protection area and partially also of the FFH area moors and forests of the terminal moraine near Starnberg .

history

Gut Buchhof

Buchhof was first mentioned in writing in a document from 1181/82 as "Puoche". The occasion was the donation of the property there by the Count Palatine Friedrich II to the Schäftlarn monastery . However, the settlement itself is much older. A nearby castle ruin on the Buchhof “Schloßberg” is said to have been built as a brick fort with a watchtower as early as the Roman Empire .

With a land ownership of 141  hectares , Buchhof was the largest of the courtyards that were within today's Starnberg urban area until the 19th century. In addition to the farming also had livestock industry of great importance. As early as 1185, the monastery’s pig interest register reported an unusually high number of 60 sows. In later years the way of keeping animals changed. According to a tax collection there were 1671 at the farm: 5  horse , 3  foals , 10  Khie , 1 Bull, 10 young cattle, 4 calves, 15 sheep, lambs 6, 2  Imppen , 1 pig nut 15  piglet .

View of part of the residential and commercial wing of the Buchhof estate

In the course of secularization , the Buchhof became the property of the Electorate of Bavaria in 1803 from Schäftlarn Monastery . As with many of the large former monastery courtyards in the region, the days of rural ownership ended with the Buchhof. The manors had become a coveted investment property of the wealthy Munich bourgeoisie. In 1806, the royal Bavarian pastor, Philipp Jacobi, acquired the estate and began extensive renovation work. A brick kiln , a brewery and, at the foot of the old castle hill, a March cellar with a cellar, which was in operation until 1920, were built on the new buildings . The costs of these ventures forced him to raise funds and in 1814 to sell the entire area.

After other owners, the Munich industrialist Karl Friedrich Ritter von Maffei had the opportunity to acquire the Buchhof for 45,500 guilders in 1841 . During his time, the structural development of Starnberg from a village to a health resort and the construction of many of the early villas around Lake Starnberg took place . These construction activities led to a high utilization of his Buchhofer brickworks and prompted Maffei to expand the production facility. Together with the agriculturally used part of the estate, Buchhof developed into a lucrative family business, which was headed after the death of his father Guido von Maffei and which his brother Paul von Maffei, the owner of the neighboring estates Selcha and Heimathshausen , managed.

After the last Maffei heiress - Sophie von Klenze, b. Maffei - and two other owners, the horse breeding association acquired the Brown Ribbon of Germany in 1939, in addition to Heimathshausen, as well as the entire Buchhof complex. The Reichsorganization, whose board of trustees was occupied by party prominence from the NSDAP , was founded as a counterweight to the equestrian sport, which at that time was dominated by the nobility. As the organizer of highly regarded and highly endowed horse races at the Munich racecourse in Riem , she built a new stud here. After the Second World War, the “Munich Association for the Promotion of Horse Breeding e. V. “the remaining stock of the system. In 1965 the land was transferred to the state capital Munich and has since been part of the network of municipal goods in Munich. The economic focus of the estate is now on the production of grain and legumes .

Buchhof Castle

and display information about the image
Buchhof Palace around 1910

At the beginning of the 19th century, when the first Munich buyer bought the remote Einödhof as an investment property, the area around Lake Starnberg was an unspoilt, pristine landscape with some old mansions and small fishing and farming villages. In Starnberg, a village with 65 properties below his castle (1803), mainly craftsmen and servants of the Munich court lived. In 1841, when the Karl Friedrich Ritter von Maffei family acquired the Buchhof, these conditions had changed. In the late romantic era - a time of increased attention to nature - scientists, writers and painters first discovered the lake. The first villas on the lake were built as temporary residences, followed by palaces, the residents of which cultivated lively cultural relations with each other at legendary festivals. The final change from the tranquil lake landscape to the recreational area at the gates of Munich took place in 1851 with the launch of the 300-passenger saloon steamer "Maximilian" and in 1854 with the opening of the Munich – Starnberg railway line.

One of the few remaining pieces of furniture from the time of the Maffei lords

In 1875 the manor house on Buchhof, which was unsuitable for social obligations, was demolished and built as a country residence for the Buchhof family. (The original name “Villa Maffei” later changed to “Schloss Buchhof” to make the difference to the Maffei Villa in Feldafing clear, which belonged to Hugo von Maffei , who came from a different branch of the family.) The building contract was awarded to the renowned Munich architect Georg von Hauberrisser , the builder of the New Munich City Hall . He created a representative building in the style of the neo-renaissance with a bay tower, which allowed a distant view of the lake from the attic as a head building next to the farm buildings . In contrast to the well-tended English gardens of the lakeside villas, the lands of the Buchhof were rich in forests and game. Contemporary witnesses report on driven hunts there with up to twenty owners and a large number of drivers from the surrounding villages. The new, generously designed manor house provided the perfect setting for the festivities accompanying the autumn hunting season.

Scenes of hunting and animals in the wild were accordingly a frequent motif in the works of the painter Guido von Maffei from Buchhof. Many of the landscapes by Georg Arnold-Graboné, who lived there until 1982, were also created in the studio house that he had built for himself .

After the Second World War, the castle, which now belongs to the city of Munich, housed the boys' town of Buchhof , a dormitory with training workshops founded for orphaned male youths. It was followed by the Munich International School, a private school that is now located there and to which the city has given the castle and parts of the estate as part of heritable building rights.

Web links

Commons : Buchhof (Starnberg)  - Collection of images

literature

  • Gerhard Schober: District of Starnberg (= monuments in Bavaria . Volume I.21). 2nd Edition. Schnell & Steiner, Munich 1991, ISBN 3-7954-1005-3 .
  • Gerhard Schober: Early villas and country houses on Lake Starnberg . Oreos-Verlag, Waakirchen 1998, ISBN 3-923657-53-6 .
  • Alois Weißthanner: The traditions of the Schäftlarn monastery 760–1305 (= sources and discussions on Bavarian history ). CH Beck, Munich 1953.
  • Benno Gantner, senior: Origin and home history of the place Percha (Perchach), Buchhof (Puoche), Selcha (Selachen) and Heimatshausen (Hammerhausen). 2nd Edition. Self-published, 1976.
  • Benno Constantin Gantner: 1200 years of Percha 785–1985. Festschrift. Self-published, Starnberg 1985.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ BayernPortal, Official Municipal Parts, accessed on April 22, 2018.
  2. ↑ List of architectural monuments in Starnberg
  3. ↑ BayernAtlas Geographical Location of Buchhof, accessed on April 25, 2018.
  4. ↑ Protected planet LSG Starnberger See - Ost , accessed on March 22, 2018.
  5. ↑ Protected planet Würmtal, accessed on April 25, 2018.
  6. ↑ Protected planet moors and forests of the terminal moraine near Starnberg, accessed on April 25, 2018.
  7. ↑ Weißthanner, Trad. No. 247
  8. ↑ Benno Gantner, senior, p. 34 from Zauner : Munich's environment in art and history. Munich 1911.
  9. ^ Bay. Main state archive , Rustikal and Dominikal tax cadastre of the tax district of Percha in the royal district courts. Rentamt Starnberg in the Isar district. Royal Bavarian Immediate Tax Cadastre Commission. 1812.
  10. ^ Hans H. Schmidt: The county of Gilching . Self-published, Gauting 1999. Chap. 3.3.2.
  11. ^ Benno Constantin Gantner, p. 270.
  12. ↑ Benno Constantin Gantner, pp. 264–265.
  13. ↑ Benno Constantin Gantner, pp. 264–265.
  14. ↑ Wolfgang Pusch: The discovery of the landscape. In: Landpartie, museums around Munich. Catalog for the exhibition in the local museum of the city of Starnberg. 2002, ISBN 3-930941-33-3 , p. 186.
  15. ↑ Benno Gantner, senior, p. 38.
  16. ^ Munich International School